scholarly journals The Combined Application of the Caco-2 Cell Bioassay Coupled with In Vivo (Gallus gallus) Feeding Trial Represents an Effective Approach to Predicting Fe Bioavailability in Humans

Nutrients ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elad Tako ◽  
Haim Bar ◽  
Raymond Glahn
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Combined Application

scholarly journals An In Vivo (Gallus gallus) Feeding Trial Demonstrating the Enhanced Iron Bioavailability Properties of the Fast Cooking Manteca Yellow Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Wiesinger ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn ◽  
Karen A. Cichy ◽  
Nikolai Kolba ◽  
Jonathan J. Hart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Geographical Regions

The common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a globally produced pulse crop and an important source of micronutrients for millions of people across Latin America and Africa. Many of the preferred black and red seed types in these regions have seed coat polyphenols that inhibit the absorption of iron. Yellow beans are distinct from other market classes because they accumulate the antioxidant kaempferol 3-glucoside in their seed coats. Due to their fast cooking tendencies, yellow beans are often marketed at premium prices in the same geographical regions where dietary iron deficiency is a major health concern. Hence, this study compared the iron bioavailability of three faster cooking yellow beans with contrasting seed coat colors from Africa (Manteca, Amarillo, and Njano) to slower cooking white and red kidney commercial varieties. Iron status and iron bioavailability was assessed by the capacity of a bean based diet to generate and maintain total body hemoglobin iron (Hb-Fe) during a 6 week in vivo (Gallus gallus) feeding trial. Over the course of the experiment, animals fed yellow bean diets had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher Hb-Fe than animals fed the white or red kidney bean diet. This study shows that the Manteca yellow bean possess a rare combination of biochemical traits that result in faster cooking times and improved iron bioavailability. The Manteca yellow bean is worthy of germplasm enhancement to address iron deficiency in regions where beans are consumed as a dietary staple.

A NEW NON-PROTEIN NITROGEN SOURCE FOR RUMINANTS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Milligan ◽  
A. R. Robblee ◽  
J. C. Wood ◽  
W. C. Kay ◽  
S. K. Chakrabartty
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Microorganisms ◽  
Production Of Ammonia

The preparation of a polymer of urea and furfural containing 23.2% nitrogen is described. This product was converted by rumen microorganisms in vitro to ammonia at a rate approximately one-seventh that of conversion of urea to ammonia. Use of the polymer as a dietary supplement in a feeding trial with lambs improved nitrogen retention over that of unsupplemented controls by 3.45 g of nitrogen retained per day, while an isonitrogenous quantity of supplemental urea improved nitrogen retention by 0.51 g of nitrogen retained per day. The blood urea pattern, throughout the day, of lambs adapted to control, urea-supplemented and urea–furfural polymer-supplemented rations indicated a slow, prolonged production of ammonia from the latter supplement and very rapid, short-term degradation of urea in vivo.

scholarly journals A successful protocol for achieving anhydrobiosis of Gallus GALLUS Domesticus spermatozoa while maintaining their fertility IN VIVO

Cryobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Stanishevskaya ◽  
Yulia Silyukova ◽  
Nikolay Pleshanov ◽  
Anton Kurochkin ◽  
Elena Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus

scholarly journals Colonisation potential of plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C andS-layer-carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B among gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Butorac ◽  
Martina Banic ◽  
Jasna Novak ◽  
Andreja Leboš Pavunc ◽  
Ksenija Uroic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background: The influence of an S-layer-carrying strain Lactobacillus brevis SF9B and a plantaricin-producing strain Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C on the gut microbiota composition was evaluated in the rats. Considering the probiotic potential of Lb. brevis SF9B, this study aimed to examine the antibacterial activity of Lb. plantarum SF9C and potential for their in vivo colonisation, which could be the basis for the investigation of their synergistic functionality. Results: A plantaricin-encoding cluster was identified in Lb. plantarum SF9C, a strain which efficiently inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC®19111™ and Staphylococcus aureus 3048. Contrary to the plantaricin-producing SF9C strain, the S-layer-carrying SF9B strain excluded Escherichia coli 3014 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium FP1 from adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Finally, DGGE analysis of the V2-V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the transit of two selected lactobacilli through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Microbiome profiling via the Illumina MiSeq platform revealed the prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut microbiota of rats suggesting their colonisation potential in GIT.Conclusion: The combined application of Lb. plantarum SF9C and Lb. brevis SF9B could influence the intestinal microbiota composition, which is reflected through the increased abundance of Lactobacillus genus, but also through altered abundances of other bacterial genera, either in the model of healthy or aberrant microbiota of rats. The obtained results contributed to the functional aspects of SF9C and SF9B strains which could be incorporated in the probiotic-containing functional foods and therefore have a beneficial influence on the gut microbiota composition.

scholarly journals In VitroandIn VivoEfficacies of Mefloquine-Based Treatment against Alveolar Echinococcosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Küster ◽  
Britta Stadelmann ◽  
Corina Hermann ◽  
Sabrina Scholl ◽  
Jennifer Keiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Complete Detachment ◽  
Laminated Layer

ABSTRACTAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the metacestode stage of the fox tapewormEchinococcus multilocularisand causes severe disease in the human liver, and occasionally in other organs, that is fatal when treatment is unsuccessful. The present chemotherapy against AE is based on mebendazole and albendazole. Albendazole treatment has been found to be ineffective in some instances, is parasitostatic rather than parasiticidal, and usually involves the lifelong uptake of large doses of drugs. Thus, new treatment options are urgently needed. In this study we investigated thein vitroandin vivoefficacy of mefloquine againstE. multilocularismetacestodes. Treatment using mefloquine (20 μM) againstin vitrocultures of metacestodes resulted in rapid and complete detachment of large parts of the germinal layer from the inner surface of the laminated layer within a few hours. Thein vitroactivity of mefloquine was dependent on the dosage.In vitroculture of metacestodes in the presence of 24 μM mefloquine for a period of 10 days was parasiticidal, as determined by murine bioassays, while treatment with 12 μM was not. Oral application of mefloquine (25 mg/kg of body weight administered twice a week for a period of 8 weeks) inE. multilocularis-infected mice was ineffective in achieving any reduction of parasite weight, whereas treatment with albendazole (200 mg/kg/day) was highly effective. However, when the same mefloquine dosage was applied intraperitoneally, the reduction in parasite weight was similar to the reduction seen with oral albendazole application. Combined application of both drugs did not increase the treatment efficacy. In conclusion, mefloquine represents an interesting drug candidate for the treatment of AE, and these results should be followed up in appropriatein vivostudies.

Tissue Deposition of the Insect Repellent DEET and the Sunscreen Oxybenzone From Repeated Topical Skin Applications in Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Fediuk ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Joshua E. Raizman ◽  
Fiona E. Parkinson ◽  
Xiaochen Gu
Keyword(s):  
Day Treatment ◽  
Skin Permeation ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Insect Repellent ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rat Astrocytes ◽  
Topical Applications

Insect repellent N,N-diethyl- m-toluamide (DEET) and sunscreen oxybenzone are capable of enhancing skin permeation of each other when applied simultaneously. We carried out a cellular study in rat astrocytes and neurons to assess cell toxicity of DEET and oxybenzone and a 30-day study in Sprague-Dawley rats to characterize skin permeation and tissue disposition of the compounds. Cellular toxicity occurred at 1 µg/mL for neurons and 7-day treatment for astrocytes and neurons. DEET and oxybenzone permeated across the skin to accumulate in blood, liver, and brain after repeated topical applications. DEET disappeared from the application site faster than oxybenzone. Combined application enhanced the disposition of DEET in liver. No overt sign of behavioral toxicity was observed from several behavioral testing protocols. It was concluded that despite measurable disposition of the study compounds in vivo, there was no evidence of neurotoxicological deficits from repeated topical applications of DEET, oxybenzone, or both.

scholarly journals The Effects of Iron and Zinc Biofortified Foods on Gut Microbiome, In Vivo (Gallus gallus): Systematic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1324-1324
Author(s):  
Robert Rossi ◽  
Nikita Agarwal ◽  
Jacquelyn Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Abstract Objectives Systematically analyze in-vivo (Gallus gallus) experimental studies that evaluate the effects of Fe and Zn biofortified foods or their derivatives on gut microbiota modulation. Methods The review was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Two researchers independently performed the data search at PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases for experimental studies conducted in animal models published from January 2010 until December 2020. Five studies from the collection of 592 were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and analyzed. Results The studies indicated the dietary consumption of about 50% Fe and Zn biofortified foods provided several health benefits and improved the gut microbiome. Consumption of Fe and Zn biofortified foods was linked to increased abundance and capacity of short chain fatty acids and lactic acid producing bacteria, resulting in improved micronutrient solubility and absorption in the host. Further, a decrease in potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Enterobacter was linked to the consumption of Fe and Zn biofortified foods. Conclusions Dietary deficiencies of iron and zinc are common health concerns worldwide. Bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal tract depend on micronutrients to maintain their activities, and gut microbiota compositional analysis may be an effective tool to assess host micronutrient status. This review suggests that Fe and Zn biofortified foods utilization positively restructures the gut microbiome and improves micronutrient absorption, thereby improving human health in vulnerable populations and maintaining micronutrient status in healthy populations. Further clinical and animal studies are needed to support the effects mentioned above. Funding Sources N/A.

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