scholarly journals NA61/SHINE Experiment—Program beyond 2020

Particles ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwik Turko
Keyword(s):  
Collision Energy ◽  
System Size ◽  
Hadronic Matter ◽  
Critical Properties ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Particle Spectra ◽  
Onset Of Deconfinement

The fixed-target NA61/SHINE experiment (SPS CERN) looks for the critical point (CP) of strongly interacting matter and the properties of the onset of deconfinement. It is a scan of measurements of particle spectra and fluctuations in proton–proton, proton–nucleus, and nucleus–nucleus interactions as a function of collision energy and system size. This gives unique possibilities to researching critical properties of the dense hot hadronic matter created in the collision process. New measurements and their objectives, related to the third stage of the experiment after 2020, are presented and discussed here.

scholarly journals News from the NA61/SHINE experiment

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 05002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Andronov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Collision Energy ◽  
Hadron Production ◽  
Fixed Target ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Target Experiment ◽  
Onset Of Deconfinement ◽  
Fixed Target Experiment

NA61/SHINE is a fixed target experiment operating at the CERN SPS. Its main goals are to search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter and to study the onset of deconfinement. For these goals a scan of the two dimensional phase diagram (T-μB) is being performed at the SPS by measurements of hadron production in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and nucleusnucleus interactions as a function of collision energy. In this paper the status of the NA61/SHINE strong interaction physics programme is presented including recent results on proton intermittency, strongly intensive fluctuation observables of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations. These measurements are expected to be sensitive to the correlation length in the produced matter and, therefore, have the ability to reveal the existence of the critical point via possible non-monotonic behavior. The NA61/SHINE results are compared to the model predictions.

scholarly journals Opacity dependence of elliptic flow in kinetic theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksi Kurkela ◽  
Urs Achim Wiedemann ◽  
Bin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Elliptic Flow ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
System Size ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Particle Spectra ◽  
Large Systems

Abstract The observation of large azimuthal anisotropies $$v_n$$vn in the particle spectra of proton–proton (pp) and proton–nucleus (pA) collisions challenges fluid dynamic interpretations of $$v_n$$vn, as it remains unclear how small collision systems can hydrodynamize and to what extent hydrodynamization is needed to build up $$v_n$$vn. Here, we study in a simple kinetic theory how the same physics that leads to hydrodynamization in large systems represents itself in small systems. We observe that one third to one half of the elliptic flow signal seen in fully hydrodynamized systems can be built up in collisions that extend over only one mean free path $$l_\mathrm{mfp}$$lmfp and that do not hydrodynamize. This is qualitatively in line with observing a sizeable $$v_2$$v2 in pp collisions for which other characteristics of soft multi-particle production seem well-described in a free-streaming picture. We further expose a significant system size dependence in the accuracy of hybrid approaches that match kinetic theory to viscous fluid dynamics. The implications of these findings for a reliable extraction of shear viscosity are discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating the “kink” plot as a signal of the onset of deconfinement

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Naskręt
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
System Size ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Hadronic Matter ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Central Collisions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Onset Of Deconfinement

One of the physics goals of the NA61/SHINE collaboration at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron is to study the phase diagram of hadronic matter. To this end, a series of heavy ion collision measurements are performed. It is believed that above a certain collision energy and system size a phase transition between the hadronic matter and quark–gluon plasma occurs. A number of observables have been developed to determine which of the phases was created at the early stage of the collision. This report discusses the dependence of the ratio of the mean number of produced pions to the mean number of wounded nucleons on the Fermi energy measure. For comparison with other measurements this is often presented in the form of the “kink” plot. This plot is presented enriched with preliminary results for 40Ar+45Sc central collisions at 13A, 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A and 150A GeV/c beam momenta. The results are finally compared to data from other experiments.

The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mode Of Production

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.

Bankruptcy Model Construction and its Limitation in Input Data Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Dana Kubíčková ◽  
◽  
Vladimír Nulíček ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Model Construction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Multivariate Discriminant

The aim of the research project solved at the University of Finance and administration is to construct a new bankruptcy model. The intention is to use data of the firms that have to cease their activities due to bankruptcy. The most common method for bankruptcy model construction is multivariate discriminant analyses (MDA). It allows to derive the indicators most sensitive to the future companies’ failure as a parts of the bankruptcy model. One of the assumptions for using the MDA method and reassuring the reliable results is the normal distribution and independence of the input data. The results of verification of this assumption as the third stage of the project are presented in this article. We have revealed that this assumption is met only in a few selected indicators. Better results were achieved in the indicators in the set of prosperous companies and one year prior the failure. The selected indicators intended for the bankruptcy model construction thus cannot be considered as suitable for using the MDA method.

How well do voice-hearing assessment measures capture the positive experiences of individuals?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Armstrong ◽  
Lorna Hogg ◽  
Pamela Charlotte Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Hearing Assessment ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Voice

The first stage of this project aims to identify assessment measures which include items on voice-hearing by way of a systematic review. The second stage is the development of a brief framework of categories of positive experiences of voice hearing, using a triangulated approach, drawing on views from both professionals and people with lived experience. The third stage will involve using the framework to identify any positve aspects of voice-hearing included in the voice hearing assessments identified in stage 1.

Pèlerinages barrésiens

2013 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Claire Bompaire-Evesque
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Joan Of Arc ◽  
The Third ◽  
National Importance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Dead

This article is a inquiry about how Barrès (1862-1923) handles the religious rite of pilgrimage. Barrès stages in his writings three successive forms of pilgrimage, revealing what is sacred to him at different times. The pilgrimage to a museum or to the birthplace of an artist is typical for the egotism and the humanism of the young Barrès, expressed in the Cult of the Self (1888-1891). After his conversion to nationalism, Barrès tries to unite the sons of France and to instill in them a solemn reverence for “the earth and the dead” ; for that purpose he encourages in French Amities (1903) pilgrimages to historical places of national importance (battlefields; birthplace of Joan of Arc), building what Nora later called the Realms of Memory. The third stage of Barrès’ intellectual evolution is exemplified by The Sacred Hill (1913). In this book the writer celebrates the places where “the Spirit blows”, and proves open to a large scale of spiritual forces, reaching back to paganism and forward to integrative syncretism, which aims at unifying “the entire realm of the sacred”.

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