scholarly journals Strain Characterization of Streptococcus suis Serotypes 28 and 31, Which Harbor the Resistance Genes optrA and ant(6)-Ia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Shujie Wang ◽  
Defu Zhang ◽  
Chenggang Jiang ◽  
Haijuan He ◽  
Chenchen Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Strain Characterization ◽  
Infection Models ◽  
Suis Serotype

Streptococcus suis causes disease in pigs and is implicated increasingly in human disease worldwide. Although most clinical cases are associated with serotype 2, infections by other serotypes have sometimes been reported. Here, we sequenced the genome of a multidrug-resistant S. suis serotype 28 (strain 11313) and a multidrug-resistant S. suis serotype 31 (strain 11LB5). Strain 11313 was apathogenic in mouse infection models, whereas strain 11LB5 displayed ganglion demyelination, meningeal thickening, congestion, mononuclear cell infiltration, massive proliferation of cortical glial cells, and bacteria (>104 CFU/g) in the spinal cord and ganglia in mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry found that the heavily infiltrated glial cells were astrocytes. Strain 11313 harbored the resistance genes ant(6)-Ia, erm(B), optrA, tet(l), tet(o), and strain 11LB5 harbored the resistance genes ant(6)-Ia, erm(B), tet(40), tet(o/w/32/o), aac(6′)-aph(2″). Mouse studies showed that strain 11LB5 exhibited a similar virulence to serotype 2 strain 700794, highlighting the need for surveillance of the other serotype S. suis isolates, in addition to serotype 2, in farms. This is the first report of the aminoglycoside resistance gene ant(6)-Ia in S. suis from animals. This suggests that S. suis might serve as an antibiotic resistance reservoir, which spreads the resistance gene ant(6)-Ia or optrA to other streptococcal pathogens on farms.

scholarly journals BKC-2, a New BKC Variant Detected in MCR-9.1-producing Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis

2020 ◽  
pp. AAC.01193-20
Author(s):  
Willames M. B. S. Martins ◽  
Evelin R. Martins ◽  
Letícia K. de Andrade ◽  
Refath Farzana ◽  
Timothy R. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Enterobacter Hormaechei

We performed the characterization of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacter spp. isolate highlighting the genetic aspects of the antimicrobial resistance genes. An Enterobacter spp. isolate (Ec61) was recovered in 2014 from a transtracheal aspirate sample from a patient admitted to a Brazilian tertiary hospital and submitted to further microbiological and genomic characterization. Ec61 was identified as Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis ST451, showed a MDR profile and the presence of genes codifying new β-lactamase variants, BKC-2 and ACT-84, and the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-9.1.

scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of A Multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii Strain ZT01-0079 Co-Producing blaNDM-1 and blaSHV-12 using MiSeq and MinION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingyan Zhang ◽  
Yanfeng Lin ◽  
Zhonghong Li ◽  
Xiong Liu ◽  
Jinhui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Southern Blotting ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Genomic Characterization

Abstract Background: The emergence of multi-drug resistant Citrobacter freundii poses daunting challenges to the treatment of clinical infections. The purpose of this study was to characterize the genome of a C. freundii strain with an IncX3 plasmid encoding both the blaNDM-1 and blaSHV-12 genes.Methods: Strain ZT01-0079 was isolated from a clinical urine sample. The Vitek2 system was used for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The presence of blaNDM-1 was detected by PCR and sequencing. Conjugation experiments and Southern blotting were performed to determine the transferability of the blaNDM-1- carrying plasmid. Nanopore and Illumina sequencing were performed to better understand the genomic characteristics of the strain.Results: Strain ZT01-0079 was identified as C. freundii, and the coexistence of blaNDM-1 and multiple drug resistance genes was confirmed. Electrophoresis and Southern blotting showed that blaNDM-1 was located on a ~53kb IncX3 plasmid. The NDM-1-encoding plasmid was successfully transferred at a frequency of 1.68×10−3. Both blaNDM-1 and blaSHV-12 were located on the self-transferable IncX3 plasmid.Conclusion: The rapid spread of the IncX3 plasmid highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of the prevalence of NDM-1-encoding Enterobacteriaceae. Mutations of existing carbapenem resistance genes will bring formidable challenges to clinical treatment.

scholarly journals Streptococcus suis in Brazil: Genotypic, Virulence, and Resistance Profiling of Strains Isolated from Pigs between 2001 and 2016

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. C. Matajira ◽  
Luisa Z. Moreno ◽  
Andre P. Poor ◽  
Vasco T. M. Gomes ◽  
Andressa C. Dalmutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Pfge Typing ◽  
Resistance Selection ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Isolation Period

Streptococcus suis remains an important challenge for the worldwide swine industry. Considering that Brazil is a major pork producer and exporter, proper monitoring of the pathogen and resistance rates are required. We present here the characterization of Brazilian S. suis strains isolated over a 15 year period by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, capsular, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance profiling. Serotype prevalence revealed a predominance of serotype 2/½ followed by 3, 7, 1/14, 6, 8, 18, 28, and 27; the latter had not yet been reported in Brazil. Resistance profiling enabled the differentiation of nine profiles presenting resistance to three and up to eight antimicrobial classes. Even though an association between the most resistant strains and isolation year starting from 2009 was observed, a high frequency of multidrug-resistant strains isolated from 2001 to 2003 was also detected. This suggests that despite the isolation period, S. suis strains already presented high resistance selection pressure. A slight association of serotype 2/½ with some virulence profiles and PFGE pulsotypes was also identified. Nevertheless, no clonal dispersion or persistency of clones over the analyzed years and herds was detected.

A prophage and two ICESa2603-family integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) carrying optrA in Streptococcus suis

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2876-2879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Shang ◽  
Dexi Li ◽  
Wenbo Hao ◽  
Stefan Schwarz ◽  
Xinxin Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Inverse Pcr ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Integrative And Conjugative Elements

Abstract Objectives To investigate the presence and transfer of the oxazolidinone/phenicol resistance gene optrA and identify the genetic elements involved in the horizontal transfer of the optrA gene in Streptococcus suis. Methods A total of 237 S. suis isolates were screened for the presence of the optrA gene by PCR. Whole-genome DNA of three optrA-positive strains was completely sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq and Pacbio RSII platforms. MICs were determined by broth microdilution. Transferability of the optrA gene in S. suis was investigated by conjugation. The presence of circular intermediates was examined by inverse PCR. Results The optrA gene was present in 11.8% (28/237) of the S. suis strains. In three strains, the optrA gene was flanked by two copies of IS1216 elements in the same orientation, located either on a prophage or on ICESa2603-family integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), including one tandem ICE. In one isolate, the optrA-carrying ICE transferred with a frequency of 2.1 × 10−8. After the transfer, the transconjugant displayed elevated MICs of the respective antimicrobial agents. Inverse PCRs revealed that circular intermediates of different sizes were formed in the three optrA-carrying strains, containing one copy of the IS1216E element and the optrA gene alone or in combination with other resistance genes. Conclusions A prophage and two ICESa2603-family ICEs (including one tandem ICE) associated with the optrA gene were identified in S. suis. The association of the optrA gene with the IS1216E elements and its location on either a prophage or ICEs will aid its horizontal transfer.

scholarly journals Characterization of IS18, an Element Capable of Activating the Silent aac(6′)-Ij Gene ofAcinetobacter sp. 13 Strain BM2716 by Transposition

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 2759-2761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rudant ◽  
Patrice Courvalin ◽  
Thierry Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Inverted Repeats ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Terminal Inverted Repeats ◽  
Hybrid Promoter

ABSTRACT Insertion sequence IS18 was detected by analysis of the spontaneous aminoglycoside resistant mutant Acinetobactersp. 13 strain BM2716-1. Insertion of the element upstream from the silent acetyltransferase gene aac(6′)-Ij created a hybrid promoter that putatively accounts for the expression of the aminoglycoside resistance gene. The 1,074-bp IS18 element contained partially matched (20 out of 26 bases) terminal inverted repeats, one of which overlapped the 3′ end of a 935-bp open reading frame potentially encoding a protein related to the transposases of the IS30 family. IS18 was found in 6 out of 29 strains of Acinetobacter sp. 13 but not in 10 strains each of A. baumannii and A. haemolyticus.

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