scholarly journals The COVID-19 Pandemic during the Time of the Diabetes Pandemic: Likely Fraternal Twins?

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley A. Cole ◽  
Hugo A. Laviada-Molina ◽  
Jeannette M. Serres-Perales ◽  
Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala ◽  
Raul A. Bastarrachea
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Extreme Caution ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Altered Immune Response ◽  
Non Communicable Disease ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

An altered immune response to pathogens has been suggested to explain increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in patients with diabetes. Recent evidence has documented several immunometabolic pathways in patients with diabetes directly related to the COVID-19 infection. This also seems to be the case for prediabetic subjects with proinflammatory insulin resistance syndrome accompanied with prothrombotic hyperinsulinemic and dysglycemic states. Patients with frank hyperglycemia, dysglycemia and/or hyperinsulinemia develop systemic immunometabolic inflammation with higher levels of circulating cytokines. This deleterious scenario has been proposed as the underlying mechanism enhancing a cytokine storm-like hyperinflammatory state in diabetics infected with severe COVID-19 triggering multi-organ failure. Compared with moderately affected COVID-19 patients, diabetes was found to be highly prevalent among severely affected patients suggesting that this non-communicable disease should be considered as a risk factor for adverse outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic mirrors with the diabetes pandemic in many pathobiological aspects. Our interest is to emphasize the ties between the immunoinflammatory mechanisms that underlie the morbidity and lethality when COVID-19 meets diabetes. This review brings attention to two pathologies of highly complex, multifactorial, developmental and environmentally dependent manifestations of critical importance to human survival. Extreme caution should be taken with diabetics with suspected symptoms of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Diabetes as the risk of cancer: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Theodore Dharma Tedjamartono
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Cancer is a non-communicable disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. Data recorded by GLOBOCAN in 2018 shows the number of cancer patients is reached 18 million people with a death rate of 9 million people and predicted to increase every year. Diabetes is known to affect morbidity and mortality in cancer patients through increasing cancer cell proliferation and the risk of metastasis. This literature study not only explains the epidemiology, but also the mechanisms underlying the association of diabetes to cancer in general. Literature search was done using four search engines from PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct and Google Scholar in the last 5 year, but relevant older articles were included. Cancer occurs due to the carcinogenesis process. This process is complex, where normal cells do not immediately mutate and become cancer cells but through several stages. The possible mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis in diabetic patients are hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, chronic inflammation, genetic variation, obesity, and hyperlactatemia. Examination of sugar levels in cancer patients, as well as cancer screening in patients with diabetes need to be done to detect early events and reduce morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Impact of Age on Cognitive and Psychological Functioning in Patients with Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Susmita Halder ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Health Deterioration ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and non-communicable disease which is also termed as “sugar” emerged as one of the leading causes of global health deterioration. It is associated with decreased physiological and psychological functioning. Age is a significant predictor to evolve diabetes mellitus. Cognitive changes due to diabetes and psychosocial distress are prominent among the population and the risk is high with increasing age range. The aim of the present study is to find out any association between age and cognitive and psychological functioning of patients with diabetes. In the present study, age range of the sample was selected as 40–60 years. A total of 60 individuals of both genders were selected; 30 individuals with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and equal number of normal controls were included. The cognitive functioning was measured by neuropsychological tools and the psychological functioning was measured by Psychological General Well-being Index. The results indicate that in case of diabetes patients, age was found to be mostly significant and negatively correlated with cognitive and psychological functioning in comparison to normal controls. Findings from the present study suggest that age could be a predictor in changed cognitive and psychological functioning of patients with diabetes and increased age showed poorer cognitive and psychological functioning.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality in Non-Communicable diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1325-1333 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Virtual Reality (VR) is often associated with the gaming business, the advancement isn't just about gaming. Increased reality has been around for quite a while now and there have been new VR applications in different fields. It is ordinary that in excess of 500 million VR headsets will be sold always 2025 and the entire VR development would be worth over $30 billion consistently 2020. This gigantic advancement can't be solely from the gaming business, anyway, accounts from various industry zones which are viably using this impacting development. Virtual reality is utilized more in health care such as for learning skills, treatments, and robotic surgery. It is utilized with other medical tests like that of x-rays, scans to reduce the risk of surgery and understand the medical condition of the patient. A head-mounted device, both contracted HMD, is a presentation gadget, worn on the head or as a component of a protective cap, that has a little showcase optic before one or each eye. An HMD has numerous utilizations, incorporating into gaming, aeronautics, designing, and prescription lift. A head-mounted showcase is the essential part of computer-generated reality headsets. There is likewise an optical head-mounted presentation, which is a wearable showcase that can reflect anticipated pictures and enables a client to see through it. Human services are one such industry in which there are various utilizations of VR and the potential is open - finished. Medicinal experts and researchers have been at the planning phase creating and actualizing VR applications for quite a while now and have concocted of the most exceptional utilizations of VR in human services. Today, human services associations need to see how VR is changing social insurance and join best practices in their everyday tasks. Non-communicable disease (NCD) which are leading cause of death worldwide such as Diabetes, Cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer. Virtual reality is found to play a vital role in the NCD treatment. Recently, NHS England diabetes group has joined forces with Oxford Medical Simulation to prepare specialists utilizing computer generated reality. Specialists would now be able to rehearse in augmented reality restorative crises, to improve care for patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Diabetes and Cancer: Risk, Challenges, Management and Outcomes

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5735
Author(s):  
Rabia K Shahid ◽  
Shahid Ahmed ◽  
Duc Le ◽  
Sunil Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Diabetes mellitus and cancer are commonly coexisting illnesses, and the global incidence and prevalence of both are rising. Cancer patients with diabetes face unique challenges. This review highlights the relationship between diabetes and cancer and various aspects of the management of diabetes in cancer patients. Methods: A literature search using keywords in PubMed was performed. Studies that were published in English prior to July 2021 were assessed and an overview of epidemiology, cancer risk, outcomes, treatment-related hyperglycemia and management of diabetes in cancer patients is provided. Results: Overall, 8–18% of cancer patients have diabetes as a comorbid medical condition. Diabetes is a risk factor for certain solid malignancies, such as pancreatic, liver, colon, breast, and endometrial cancer. Several novel targeted compounds and immunotherapies can cause hyperglycemia. Nevertheless, most patients undergoing cancer therapy can be managed with an appropriate glucose lowering agent without the need for discontinuation of cancer treatment. Evidence suggests that cancer patients with diabetes have higher cancer-related mortality; therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is important in the management of patients with diabetes and cancer for a better outcome. Conclusions: Future studies are required to better understand the underlying mechanism between the risk of cancer and diabetes. Furthermore, high-quality prospective studies evaluating management of diabetes in cancer patients using innovative tools are needed. A patient-centered approach is important in cancer patients with diabetes to avoid adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Exploring the mechanisms of collaboration between the Tuberculosis and Diabetes Programs for the control of TB-DM Comorbidity in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Suhuyini Salifu ◽  
Khumbulani W. Hlongwana
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Local Health ◽  
National Tuberculosis Control Program ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Local Health Facility ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract Objectives To explore the mechanisms of collaboration between the stakeholders, including National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP) and the Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Program (NCDCP) at the national, regional, and local (health facility) levels of the health care system in Ghana. This is one of the objectives in a study on the “Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of the Collaborative Framework for the Care and Control of Tuberculosis and Diabetes in Ghana” Results The data analysis revealed 4 key themes. These were (1) Increased support for communicable diseases (CDs) compared to stagnant support for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), (2) Donor support, (3) Poor collaboration between NTP and NCDCP, and (4) Low Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus (TB-DM) case detection.

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