scholarly journals New Incretin Combination Treatments under Investigation in Obesity and Metabolism: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Agni Kakouri ◽  
Georgia Kanti ◽  
Efthymios Kapantais ◽  
Alexandros Kokkinos ◽  
Leonidas Lanaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Hybrid Peptides ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies ◽  
Response Current

The worldwide upward trend in obesity in adults and the increased incidence of overweight children suggests that the future risk of obesity-related illnesses will be increased. The existing anti-obesity drugs act either in the central nervous system (CNS) or in the peripheral tissues, controlling the appetite and metabolism. However, weight regain is a common homeostatic response; current anti-obesity medications show limited effectiveness in achieving long-term weight loss maintenance; in addition to being linked to various side effects. Combined anti-obesity medications (per os or injectable) target more than one of the molecular pathways involved in weight regulation, as well as structures in the CNS. In this systematic review, we conducted a search of PubMed and The ClinicalTrials.gov up to February 2021. We summarized the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications, and we focused on the combined pharmacological treatments, related to the incretin hormones, currently in a clinical trial phase. We also assessed the mechanism of action and therapeutic utility of these novel hybrid peptides and potential interactions with other regulatory hormones that may have beneficial effects on obesity. As we improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity, we hope to identify more novel treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Novel Strategies for Cancer Treatment: Highlights from the 55th IACR Annual Conference

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Charmsaz ◽  
Denis Collins ◽  
Antoinette Perry ◽  
Maria Prencipe
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

While conventional cancer treatments, such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have been combined for decades in an effort to treat cancer patients, the emergence of novel fields of cancer research have led to a renewed interest in combining conventional treatments with more innovative approaches. The realisation that cancer progression is not exclusively due to changes in the cancer epithelial cells, but also involves changes in the tumour microenvironment, has opened new avenues for combination treatments. Here we discuss the use of combination therapies presented at the 55th Irish Association for Cancer Research (IACR) Annual Conference, highlighting examples of novel therapeutic strategies which, combined with conventional therapies, may greatly enhance not only the overall outcome for patients, but also the quality of life for cancer survivors. Among the novel treatment strategies, immune metabolism, epigenetic therapies and physical exercise are presented. In addition, novel technologies in the field of precision medicine, which will be useful to discover new therapeutics and to stratify patients for combination treatments, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Novel Treatment Strategies for Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1095-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Marquina ◽  
Ella Zomer ◽  
Sandra Vargas-Torres ◽  
Sophia Zoungas ◽  
Richard Ofori-Asenso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

scholarly journals Overview of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Chinese Medicine Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Chuwen Feng ◽  
Shuoyan Zhou ◽  
Yuanyuan Qu ◽  
Qingyong Wang ◽  
Shengyong Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Beneficial Effects

To evaluate the importance of AI technologies in modernizing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy, this article presents the systematic review of the relevant literature and explains the beneficial effects of AI technology on the TCM treatment outcomes from the experience of famous and veteran Chinese medicines, including acupuncture, Tui Na massage, and Qigong practitioners. This study also focuses on the urgent necessity to apply AI technologies to develop therapeutic models on the theme “treating the disease before it happens.” Furthermore, the study also discusses the major bottlenecks and future prospects for the development of intelligent TCM treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Role of Anxiety and Depression in Altering Immune System Associated with Breast Cancer. Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
As Stress ◽  
The Impact

Background: Focusing on basic and clinical research, psycho-neuroimmunology researchers are looking at how the factors that cause anxiety and depression and their negative emotions can affect physiological and health conditions. Clinical studies have shown that the central nervous system is associated with endocrine and immune systems. Objectives: To investigate the impact of depression and anxiety on developing breast cancer through immune disturbance pathway Methodology: The present study is a descriptive review of systematic review studies conducted in accordance with the guidelines for preferred cases for reporting systematic and metaanalysis review articles (prisma). Electronic databases including ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, and Scopus, were searched from 2012 to 2020. The search strategy psychological, immune response, anxiety disorder, depression, and psychoneuroimmunology. Additionally, we searched the references of retrieved articles to find additional included a combination of the following Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) terms: breast cancer, potentially related studies. We have considered herbal therapies, which were applied orally, or topically.The content of all articles was evaluated qualitatively after extracting from the desired databases with PRISMA checklist. Results: the impact of psychological problems on people's illness is very large, when people have a lot of psychological pressure, the incidence will be higher than ordinary people.Health Psychology considers human health to be a complex entity and believes that disease is not caused by a single factor but is the product of biological, psychological, and social factors. Recent research has previously confirmed the effect of psychosocial factors such as stress and how it reacts to the onset and course of the disease. .Most of the patients with malignant tumor had negative emotional problems such as anxiety and depression .Depression in cancer is markedly different from depression in healthy individuals, and involves a unique symptomatology and a strong biological etiology. Conclusions: A better understanding of the bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems could contribute to new clinical and treatment strategies.

CRHR1 Antagonists as Novel Treatment Strategies

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 590-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Holsboer
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mouse Mutants ◽  
Stress Responsivity ◽  
Animal Models Of Anxiety ◽  
Hormone Homeostasis ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

AbstractResearch has provided considerable evidence for the hypothesis that corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the key central coordinator of stress-hormone homeostasis, also plays a role in the development and course of depression and anxiety disorders. Studies using animal models of anxiety, as well as mouse mutants, in which the gene coding for the CRH type 1 receptor (CRHR1) was genetically deleted supported the notion that enhanced CRH/CRHR1 signaling underlies depression and anxiety disorders. Therefore, a number of small nonpeptide molecules that antagonize CRHR1 have been developed. In animal models, these molecules had anxiolytic and other stress-alleviating effects. An initial clinical study showed that CRHR1 antagonism has beneficial effects on depression and anxiety symptoms at doses unharmful to neuroendocrine stress responsivity.

scholarly journals Laser Therapy for the Treatment of Morphea: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3409
Author(s):  
Paulina Szczepanik-Kułak ◽  
Małgorzata Michalska-Jakubus ◽  
Dorota Krasowska
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Localized Scleroderma ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Life Therapy

Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma (LoS), comprises a set of autoimmune sclerotic skin diseases. It is characterized by inflammation and limited thickening and induration of the skin; however, in some cases, deeper tissues might also be involved. Although morphea is not considered a life-threatening disease, the apparent cosmetic disfigurement, functional or psychosocial impairment affects multiple fields of patients’ quality of life. Therapy for LoS is often unsatisfactory with numerous treatments that have only limited effectiveness or considerable side effects. Due to the advances in the application of lasers and their possible beneficial effects, the aim of this study is to review the reported usage of laser in morphea. We present a systematic review of available literature, performed with MEDLINE, Cinahl, Central, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. We identified a total of twenty relevant studies (MEDLINE n = 10, Cinahl n = 1, Central n = 0, Scopus n = 2, Web of Science n = 5, Google Scholar n = 2) using laser therapy for LoS. Eight studies were focused on the use of PDL, six on fractional lasers (CO2 and Er:YAG), four on excimer, and two on either alexandrite or Nd:YAG.

scholarly journals BK Virus Associated Haemorrhagic Cystitis. A systematic review of current prevention and treatment strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aldiwani ◽  
T. Tharakan ◽  
A. Al-Hassani ◽  
N. Gibbons ◽  
J. Pavlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Bk Virus ◽  
Haemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment
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