scholarly journals Drug-Loaded Biomimetic Ceramics for Tissue Engineering

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Diaz-Rodriguez ◽  
Mirian Sánchez ◽  
Mariana Landin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Biological Performance

The mimesis of biological systems has been demonstrated to be an adequate approach to obtain tissue engineering scaffolds able to promote cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation abilities similar to those of autologous tissues. Bioceramics are commonly used for this purpose due to their similarities to the mineral component of hard tissues as bone. Furthermore, biomimetic scaffolds are frequently loaded with diverse therapeutic molecules to enhance their biological performance, leading to final products with advanced functionalities. In this review, we aim to describe the already developed bioceramic-based biomimetic systems for drug loading and local controlled release. We will discuss the mechanisms used for the inclusion of therapeutic molecules on the designed systems, paying special attention to the identification of critical parameters that modulate drug loading and release kinetics on these scaffolds.

Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Release Kinetics of Vancomycin Carried β-TCP/Chitosan Composite Microspheres Used as Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1821-1825
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Xue Min Cui ◽  
Qing Feng Zan ◽  
Li Min Dong ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Composite Microspheres ◽  
Chitosan Composite ◽  
Vitro Release

A novel microsphere scaffolds composed of chitosan and β-TCP containing vancomycin was designed and prepared. The β-TCP/chitosan composite microspheres were prepared by solid-in-water-in-oil (s/w/o) emulsion cross-linking method with or without pre-cross-linking process. The mode of vancomycin maintaining in the β-TCP/chitosan composite microspheres was detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro release curve of vancomycin in simulated body fluid (SBF) was estimated. The results revealed that the pre-cross-linking prepared microspheres possessed higher loading efficiency (LE) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) especially decreasing the previous burst mass of vancomycin in incipient release. These composite microspheres got excellent sphere and well surface roughness in morphology. Vancomycin was encapsulated in composite microspheres through absorption and cross-linking. While in-vitro release curves illustrated that vancomycin release depond on diffusing firstly and then on the degradation ratio later. The microspheres loading with vancomycin would be to restore bone defect, meanwhile to inhibit bacterium proliferation. These bioactive, degradable composite microspheres have potential applications in 3D tissue engineering of bone and other tissues in vitro and in vivo.

Mineralized Nanofibers for Bone Tissue Engineering

2018 ◽  
pp. 461-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozan Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds

The limitation of orthopedic fractures and large bone defects treatments has brought the focus on fabricating bone grafts that could enhance ostegenesis and vascularization in-vitro. Developing biomimetic materials such as mineralized nanofibers that can provide three-dimensional templates of the natural bone extracellular-matrix is one of the most promising alternative for bone regeneration. Understanding the interactions between the structure of the scaffolds and cells and therefore the control cellular pathways are critical for developing functional bone grafts. In order to enhance bone regeneration, the engineered scaffold needs to mimic the characteristics of composite bone ECM. This chapter reviews the fabrication of and fabrication techniques for fabricating biomimetic bone tissue engineering scaffolds. In addition, the chapter covers design criteria for developing the scaffolds and examples of enhanced osteogenic differentiation outcomes by fabricating biomimetic scaffolds.

scholarly journals Development of 3D Bioactive Nanocomposite Scaffolds Made from Gelatin and Nano Bioactive Glass for Biomedical Applications

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 096369351001900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mozafari ◽  
F. Moztarzadeh ◽  
M. Rabiee ◽  
M. Azami ◽  
N. Nezafati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffold ◽  
Nanocomposite Scaffolds ◽  
First Time

In this research, macroporous, mechanically competent and bioactive nanocomposite scaffolds have been fabricated from cross-linked gelatine (Gel) and nano bioactive glass (nBG) through layer solvent casting combined with freeze-drying and lamination techniques. This study has developed a new composition to produce a new bioactive nanocomposite which is porous with interconnected microstructure, pore sizes are 200-500 μm, porosity are 72%-86%. Also, we have reported formation of chemical bonds between nBG and Gel for the first time. Finally, the in vitro cytocompatability of the scaffolds was assessed using MTT assay and cell attachment study. Results indicated no sign of toxicity and cells found to be attached to the pore walls offered by the scaffolds. These results suggested that the developed nanocomposite scaffold possess the prerequisites for bone tissue engineering scaffolds and it can be used for tissue engineering applications.

Fabrication of Polycaprolactone Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Using Selective Laser Sintering

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brock Partee ◽  
Scott J. Hollister ◽  
Suman Das
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Porous Scaffold ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Processing Parameter ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Porous Architecture ◽  
Regenerate Tissue

Tissue engineering combines principles of the life sciences and engineering to replace and repair damaged human tissue. Present practice generally requires the use of porous, bioresorbable scaffolds to serve as temporary 3D templates to guide cell attachment, differentiation, proliferation, and subsequent regenerate tissue formation. Such scaffolds are anticipated to play an important role in allowing physicians to simultaneously reconstruct and regenerate damaged human tissue such as bone, cartilage, ligament and tendon. Recent research strongly suggests the choice of scaffold material and its internal porous architecture significantly influence regenerate tissue structure and function. However, a lack of versatile biomaterials processing and fabrication methods capable of meeting the complex geometric and compositional requirements of tissue engineering scaffolds has slowed progress towards fully testing these promising findings. It is widely accepted that layered manufacturing methods such as selective laser sintering (SLS) have the potential to fulfill these needs. Our research aims to investigate the viability of using SLS to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), one of the most widely investigated biocompatible, bioresorbable materials for tissue engineering applications. In this work, we report our recent progress on porous scaffold design and fabrication, optimal SLS processing parameter development using systematic factorial design of experiments, and structural characterization via optical microscopy.

scholarly journals Fibrin Gel as an Injectable Biodegradable Scaffold and Cell Carrier for Tissue Engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Li ◽  
Hao Meng ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Bruce P. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffold ◽  
Fibrin Gel ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Injectable Scaffolds ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Cell Carrier ◽  
A Cell

Due to the increasing needs for organ transplantation and a universal shortage of donated tissues, tissue engineering emerges as a useful approach to engineer functional tissues. Although different synthetic materials have been used to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds, they have many limitations such as the biocompatibility concerns, the inability to support cell attachment, and undesirable degradation rate. Fibrin gel, a biopolymeric material, provides numerous advantages over synthetic materials in functioning as a tissue engineering scaffold and a cell carrier. Fibrin gel exhibits excellent biocompatibility, promotes cell attachment, and can degrade in a controllable manner. Additionally, fibrin gel mimics the natural blood-clotting process and self-assembles into a polymer network. The ability for fibrin to curein situhas been exploited to develop injectable scaffolds for the repair of damaged cardiac and cartilage tissues. Additionally, fibrin gel has been utilized as a cell carrier to protect cells from the forces during the application and cell delivery processes while enhancing the cell viability and tissue regeneration. Here, we review the recent advancement in developing fibrin-based biomaterials for the development of injectable tissue engineering scaffold and cell carriers.

Osteoblast Adhesion on Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Made by Bio-Manufacturing Techniques

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dutta Roy ◽  
J. J. Stone ◽  
W. Sun ◽  
E. H. Cho ◽  
S. J. Lockett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Focal Adhesions ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
3D Scaffolds ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Scientific exploration into understanding and developing relationships between three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds prepared by rapid prototyping (RP) and cellular response has focused primarily on end results targeting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Here at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), we take a systems approach to developing relationships between material properties and quantitative biological responses. This study in particular focuses on the screening of parameters controlled by RP techniques and their ability to trigger signalling events leading to cell adhesion. This pioneering research in our group also characterizes the in vitro cell-material interactions of 2D films and 3D scaffolds. From there, one can postulate on contributory factors leading to cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In summary, we believe that the quantitative information from this fundamental investigation will enhance our knowledge of the interactions between cells and 3D material interfaces with respect to formation of focal adhesions. This work consists of two sections — the application of imaging techniques for 3D characterization of properties and culturing of osteoblasts for size and shape determination. This includes quantifying the number of focal adhesion sites. We are using 3D RP polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds as this surrogate model in which to compare 2D to 3D material performance and cell interactions. Using RP bio-manufacturing techniques to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds allows for control of pore size, strut size, and layer thickness, therefore providing adjustable parameters to study which can potentially influence, or even dynamically modulate, cellular adhesion. Imaging results after culturing for 24 h showed differences in cell morphology and spreading relative to the different structures. The focal adhesion response also varied, indicating an apparent loss of organization in 3D scaffolds compared to 2D surfaces. See Results and Discussion for details.

Improving Bioactivity of Porous β-TCP Ceramics by Forming Bone-Like Apatite Layer on the Surfaces of Pore Walls

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1815-1820
Author(s):  
Qing Feng Zan ◽  
Yuan Zhuang ◽  
Li Min Dong ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Ning Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Apatite Layer ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Cells Cultured

Bone tissue engineering provides a new way to repair the bone defect in orthopaedics. The scaffolds, porous materials with excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and biodegradability, play an important role in bone tissue engineering. Furthermore, the bioactivity of the pore interior surfaces is very important for cell attachment, differentiation and growth, as well as new bone tissue ingrowth into pores. In this paper, β-TCP was selected as materials of scaffolds, and its bioactivity was improved by activating the interior surfaces of pore walls. The porous β-TCP scaffolds with about 50~300μm of pore size and above 80% of porosity were obtained by 3D-gel-laminated processing. Their surfaces of the scaffolds were easily covered by a low crystallized bone-like apatite layer, which determined by XRD and FTIR, after immersing in 1.5SBF solution following pre-treatment by NaOH solution. MTT and ALP assays were performed after cells cultured on the porous scaffolds with bone-like structure, and the results showed higher proliferation rate and differentiation level than that on the scaffolds without treatment, which indicated that the porous β-TCP scaffolds with bone-like apatite layer on surfaces of pore walls possess higher bioactivity. Therefore, the bioactivity of tissue engineering scaffolds could be improved by deposited bone-like apatite layer on their surfaces.

3D-Printable Biodegradable Polyester Tissue Scaffolds for Cell Adhesion

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin M. Sirrine ◽  
Allison M. Pekkanen ◽  
Ashley M. Nelson ◽  
Nicholas A. Chartrain ◽  
Christopher B. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Glycol Adipate ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Ethylene Glycol Adipate ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Soft Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tissue Scaffolding

Additive manufacturing, or three-dimensional (3D) printing, has emerged as a viable technique for the production of vascularized tissue engineering scaffolds. In this report, a biocompatible and biodegradable poly(tri(ethylene glycol) adipate) dimethacrylate was synthesized and characterized for suitability in soft-tissue scaffolding applications. The polyester dimethacrylate exhibited highly efficient photocuring, hydrolyzability, and 3D printability in a custom microstereolithography system. The photocured polyester film demonstrated significantly improved cell attachment and viability as compared with controls. These results indicate promise of novel, printable polyesters for 3D patterned, vascularized soft-tissue engineering scaffolds.

Fabrication and Analysis of Surface Functionalized Porous PCL-nHA Scaffolds With P(HEMA-co-EGDMA) Hydrogel via iCVD and BMP-2 Release Simulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Serhat Aydin ◽  
Hatice Kubra Bilgili ◽  
Gullu Kiziltas Sendur ◽  
Melis Emanet ◽  
Gozde Ozaydin Ince
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Hydrophilic Surface ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Directional Growth ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

Abstract Well-designed tissue engineering scaffolds are needed for effective healing by regulating cell behavior such as cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Scaffolds should not only exhibit biocompatibility, interconnected porosity and strength but should provide hydrophilic surface where cell adheres in-vitro and in-vivo. The aim of this study is the fabrication and analysis of porous and surface functionalized biocompatible scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. In the first part of the study, we produce porous polycaprolactone (PCL)-nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) scaffolds using earlier proposed non-solvent induced phased separation (NIPS) and use initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) for coating these scaffolds with Poly (hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) (p(HEMA-co-EGDMA)) polymer. The goal is to increase hydrophilicity of scaffolds using iCVD coating on scaffolds fabricated using NIPS and to demonstrate its feasibility for further functionalization such as GF immobilization and release. In the second part of the paper we develop an initial analysis framework suitable for the characterization of BMP-2 growth factor (GF) release of both coated and uncoated bone scaffolds using a Finite Element Analysis taking into account diffusion and possible chemical reaction. In the experimental part, surface characterization via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed a successful conformal coating and contact angle measurements demonstrate that desired hydrophilic surface was obtained after iCVD coating. Therefore, the first part of the study demonstrated that surface modified PCL-nHA scaffolds with p(HEMA-co-EGDMA) hydrogel exhibited increased hydrophilicity that should allow for augmented compatibility with cell media by enhancing cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation in vitro. In the computational part of the paper, as a second parametric study, the effects of a possible iCVD coating were analyzed by modifying the biomaterial matrix domain and tuning its diffusion coefficient where the reaction and release is expected to occur. The diffusion coefficient of coating material was set to two different values chosen lower than the tissue domain. Simulation results for the addition of a coating layer with a larger diffusion coefficient value resulted in a decreased BMP-2 diffusion accompanied by a parallel decrease in BMP-2 concentration in the tissue with respect to time and across the domain. Overall, it is concluded that initial parametric studies showed that the release and concentration profile could be tuned based on morphological and material properties of the scaffold. Also, coating biomaterial matrix via iCVD acquired directional/anisotropic diffusion in the model domain via one-sided coating of the scaffold matrix. Formal optimization studies could be integrated to the proposed simulation model to design functional scaffolds coated with iCVD for controlled and directional growth factor release.

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