scholarly journals Plant-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Advances in the New Millennium towards Understanding Their Therapeutic Role in Biomedical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1662
Author(s):  
Mahadevamurthy Murali ◽  
Nataraj Kalegowda ◽  
Hittanahallikoppal G. Gowtham ◽  
Mohammad Azam Ansari ◽  
Mohammad N. Alomary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Potential Candidate

Zinc oxide nanoparticles have become one of the most popular metal oxide nanoparticles and recently emerged as a promising potential candidate in the fields of optical, electrical, food packaging, and biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, low toxicity, and low cost. They have a role in cell apoptosis, as they trigger excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and release zinc ions (Zn2+) that induce cell death. The zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using the plant extracts appear to be simple, safer, sustainable, and more environmentally friendly compared to the physical and chemical routes. These biosynthesized nanoparticles possess strong biological activities and are in use for various biological applications in several industries. Initially, the present review discusses the synthesis and recent advances of zinc oxide nanoparticles from plant sources (such as leaves, stems, bark, roots, rhizomes, fruits, flowers, and seeds) and their biomedical applications (such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, photocatalytic, wound healing, and drug delivery), followed by their mechanisms of action involved in detail. This review also covers the drug delivery application of plant-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles, focusing on the drug-loading mechanism, stimuli-responsive controlled release, and therapeutic effect. Finally, the future direction of these synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles’ research and applications are discussed.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4570
Author(s):  
Sumaira Anjum ◽  
Mariam Hashim ◽  
Sara Asad Malik ◽  
Maha Khan ◽  
José M. Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Target Drug

Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced bioavailability, insufficient supply, and significant adverse effects, make their use limited. Nanotechnology has evolved rapidly in recent years and offers a wide spectrum of applications in the healthcare sectors. Nanoscale materials offer strong potential for curing cancer as they pose low risk and fewer complications. Several metal oxide NPs are being developed to diagnose or treat malignancies, but zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have remarkably demonstrated their potential in the diagnosis and treatment of various types of cancers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and unique physico-chemical attributes. ZnO NPs showed cancer cell specific toxicity via generation of reactive oxygen species and destruction of mitochondrial membrane potential, which leads to the activation of caspase cascades followed by apoptosis of cancerous cells. ZnO NPs have also been used as an effective carrier for targeted and sustained delivery of various plant bioactive and chemotherapeutic anticancerous drugs into tumor cells. In this review, at first we have discussed the role of ZnO NPs in diagnosis and bio-imaging of cancer cells. Secondly, we have extensively reviewed the capability of ZnO NPs as carriers of anticancerous drugs for targeted drug delivery into tumor cells, with a special focus on surface functionalization, drug-loading mechanism, and stimuli-responsive controlled release of drugs. Finally, we have critically discussed the anticancerous activity of ZnO NPs on different types of cancers along with their mode of actions. Furthermore, this review also highlights the limitations and future prospects of ZnO NPs in cancer theranostic.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 5977-5996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saee Gharpure ◽  
Balaprasad Ankamwar
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Promising Alternative

With increase in incidence of multidrug resistant pathogens, there is a demand to adapt newer approaches in order to combat these diseases as traditional therapy is insufficient for their treatment. Use of nanotechnology provides a promising alternative as antimicrobial agents as against traditional antibiotics. Metal oxides have been exploited for a long times for their antimicrobial properties. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are preferred over other metal oxide nanoparticles because of their bio-compatible nature and excellent antibacterial potentials. The basic mechanism of bactericidal nature of ZnO nanoparticles includes physical contact between ZnO nanoparticles and the bacterial cell wall, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as free radicals and release of Zn2+ ions. This review focuses on different synthesis methods of ZnO nanoparticles, various analytical techniques frequently used for testing antibacterial properties, mechanism explaining antibacterial nature of ZnO nanoparticles as well as different factors affecting the antibacterial properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document