scholarly journals A Review of Transparent Sensors for Photoacoustic Imaging Applications

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Danyang Ren ◽  
Yizhe Sun ◽  
Junhui Shi ◽  
Ruimin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensors ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Optically Transparent ◽  
System Configurations

Photoacoustic imaging is a new type of noninvasive, nonradiation imaging modality that combines the deep penetration of ultrasonic imaging and high specificity of optical imaging. Photoacoustic imaging systems employing conventional ultrasonic sensors impose certain constraints such as obstructions in the optical path, bulky sensor size, complex system configurations, difficult optical and acoustic alignment, and degradation of signal-to-noise ratio. To overcome these drawbacks, an ultrasonic sensor in the optically transparent form has been introduced, as it enables direct delivery of excitation light through the sensors. In recent years, various types of optically transparent ultrasonic sensors have been developed for photoacoustic imaging applications, including optics-based ultrasonic sensors, piezoelectric-based ultrasonic sensors, and microelectromechanical system-based capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers. In this paper, the authors review representative transparent sensors for photoacoustic imaging applications. In addition, the potential challenges and future directions of the development of transparent sensors are discussed.

scholarly journals Portable and Affordable Light Source-Based Photoacoustic Tomography

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6173
Author(s):  
Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Singh ◽  
Wenfeng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Photoacoustic Tomography ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technological Developments

Photoacoustic imaging is a hybrid imaging modality that offers the advantages of optical (spectroscopic contrast) and ultrasound imaging (scalable spatial resolution and imaging depth). This promising modality has shown excellent potential in a wide range of preclinical and clinical imaging and sensing applications. Even though photoacoustic imaging technology has matured in research settings, its clinical translation is not happening at the expected pace. One of the main reasons for this is the requirement of bulky and expensive pulsed lasers for excitation. To accelerate the clinical translation of photoacoustic imaging and explore its potential in resource-limited settings, it is of paramount importance to develop portable and affordable light sources that can be used as the excitation light source. In this review, we focus on the following aspects: (1) the basic theory of photoacoustic imaging; (2) inexpensive light sources and different implementations; and (3) important preclinical and clinical applications, demonstrated using affordable light source-based photoacoustics. The main focus will be on laser diodes and light-emitting diodes as they have demonstrated promise in photoacoustic tomography—the key technological developments in these areas will be thoroughly reviewed. We believe that this review will be a useful opus for both the beginners and experts in the field of biomedical photoacoustic imaging.

scholarly journals Radiochemistry, Production Processes, Labeling Methods, and ImmunoPET Imaging Pharmaceuticals of Iodine-124

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Krishan Kumar ◽  
Arijit Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Clinical Environments

Target-specific biomolecules, monoclonal antibodies (mAb), proteins, and protein fragments are known to have high specificity and affinity for receptors associated with tumors and other pathological conditions. However, the large biomolecules have relatively intermediate to long circulation half-lives (>day) and tumor localization times. Combining superior target specificity of mAbs and high sensitivity and resolution of the PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging technique has created a paradigm-shifting imaging modality, ImmunoPET. In addition to metallic PET radionuclides, 124I is an attractive radionuclide for radiolabeling of mAbs as potential immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals due to its physical properties (decay characteristics and half-life), easy and routine production by cyclotrons, and well-established methodologies for radioiodination. The objective of this report is to provide a comprehensive review of the physical properties of iodine and iodine radionuclides, production processes of 124I, various 124I-labeling methodologies for large biomolecules, mAbs, and the development of 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals for various cancer targets in preclinical and clinical environments. A summary of several production processes, including 123Te(d,n)124I, 124Te(d,2n)124I, 121Sb(α,n)124I, 123Sb(α,3n)124I, 123Sb(3He,2n)124I, natSb(α, xn)124I, natSb(3He,n)124I reactions, a detailed overview of the 124Te(p,n)124I reaction (including target selection, preparation, processing, and recovery of 124I), and a fully automated process that can be scaled up for GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) production of large quantities of 124I is provided. Direct, using inorganic and organic oxidizing agents and enzyme catalysis, and indirect, using prosthetic groups, 124I-labeling techniques have been discussed. Significant research has been conducted, in more than the last two decades, in the development of 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals for target-specific cancer detection. Details of preclinical and clinical evaluations of the potential 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals are described here.

Affibody-functionalized Ag2S quantum dots for photoacoustic imaging of epidermal growth factor receptor overexpressed tumors

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (35) ◽  
pp. 16581-16590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Yeshan Qin ◽  
Fengxia Wu ◽  
Zhihua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Targeted Contrast Agents ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Ag2s Quantum Dots

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a new and attractive imaging modality, and it has strong potential for application in the early detection of tumors through the use of optically absorbing targeted contrast agents.

scholarly journals Scanning single-molecule counting system for Eprobe with highly simple and effective approach

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243319
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hanami ◽  
Tetsuya Tanabe ◽  
Takuya Hanashi ◽  
Mitsushiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Hidetaka Nakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Digital Measurement ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
Target Nucleic Acid ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules

Here, we report a rapid and ultra-sensitive detection technique for fluorescent molecules called scanning single molecular counting (SSMC). The method uses a fluorescence-based digital measurement system to count single molecules in a solution. In this technique, noise is reduced by conforming the signal shape to the intensity distribution of the excitation light via a circular scan of the confocal region. This simple technique allows the fluorescent molecules to freely diffuse into the solution through the confocal region and be counted one by one and does not require statistical analysis. Using this technique, 28 to 62 aM fluorescent dye was detected through measurement for 600 s. Furthermore, we achieved a good signal-to-noise ratio (S/N = 2326) under the condition of 100 pM target nucleic acid by only mixing a hybridization-sensitive fluorescent probe, called Eprobe, into the target oligonucleotide solution. Combination of SSMC and Eprobe provides a simple, rapid, amplification-free, and high-sensitive target nucleic acid detection system. This method is promising for future applications to detect particularly difficult to design primers for amplification as miRNAs and other short oligo nucleotide biomarkers by only hybridization with high sensitivity.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Electrochemical and Optical Biosensors Designed for Detection of Interleukin 6

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munezza Ata Khan ◽  
Mohammad Mujahid
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Optical Biosensors ◽  
Integrated Electronics ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Commercial Applications

Interleukin 6 (IL-6), being a major component of homeostasis, immunomodulation, and hematopoiesis, manifests multiple pathological conditions when upregulated in response to viral, microbial, carcinogenic, or autoimmune stimuli. High fidelity immunosensors offer real-time monitoring of IL-6 and facilitate early prognosis of life-threatening diseases. Different approaches to augment robustness and enhance overall performance of biosensors have been demonstrated over the past few years. Electrochemical- and fluorescence-based detection methods with integrated electronics have been subjects of intensive research due to their ability to offer a better signal-to-noise ratio, high specificity, ultra-sensitivity, and wide dynamic range. In this review, the pleiotropic role of IL-6 and its clinical significance is discussed in detail, followed by detection schemes devised so far for their quantitative analysis. A critical review on underlying signal amplification strategies and performance of electrochemical and optical biosensors is presented. In conclusion, we discuss the reliability and feasibility of the proposed detection technologies for commercial applications.

Ultrasmall hybrid protein–copper sulfide nanoparticles for targeted photoacoustic imaging of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma with a high signal-to-noise ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixiang Yan ◽  
Jingqin Chen ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Bai ◽  
Yunzhu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Copper Sulfide ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Hybrid Protein ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio

A schematic illustration of CuS@BSA-RGD nanoparticle synthesis and the application of photoacoustic imaging in an orthotopic HCC model.

scholarly journals A Review of Endogenous and Exogenous Contrast Agents Used in Photoacoustic Tomography with Different Sensing Configurations

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor T.C. Tsang ◽  
Xiufeng Li ◽  
Terence T.W. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Biomedical Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Endogenous Contrast ◽  
Deep Tissue Imaging ◽  
Molecular Specificity ◽  
System Configurations

Optical-based sensing approaches have long been an indispensable way to detect molecules in biological tissues for various biomedical research and applications. The advancement in optical microscopy is one of the main drivers for discoveries and innovations in both life science and biomedical imaging. However, the shallow imaging depth due to the use of ballistic photons fundamentally limits optical imaging approaches’ translational potential to a clinical setting. Photoacoustic (PA) tomography (PAT) is a rapidly growing hybrid imaging modality that is capable of acoustically detecting optical contrast. PAT uniquely enjoys high-resolution deep-tissue imaging owing to the utilization of diffused photons. The exploration of endogenous contrast agents and the development of exogenous contrast agents further improve the molecular specificity for PAT. PAT’s versatile design and non-invasive nature have proven its great potential as a biomedical imaging tool for a multitude of biomedical applications. In this review, representative endogenous and exogenous PA contrast agents will be introduced alongside common PAT system configurations, including the latest advances of all-optical acoustic sensing techniques.

scholarly journals An Integrated Front-end Circuit Board for Air-Coupled CMUT Burst-Echo Imaging

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6128
Author(s):  
Lei Ye ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Liang ◽  
Zhuochen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Front End ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Dc Bias

To conduct burst-echo imaging with air-coupled capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) using the same elements in transmission and reception, this work proposes a dedicated and integrated front-end circuit board design to build an imaging system. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first air-coupled CMUT burst-echo imaging using the same elements in transmission and reception. The reported front-end circuit board, controlled by field programmable gate array (FPGA), consisted of four parts: an on-board pulser, a bias-tee, a T/R switch and an amplifier. Working with our 217 kHz 16-element air-coupled CMUT array under 100 V DC bias, the front-end circuit board and imaging system could achieve 22.94 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in burst-echo imaging in air, which could represent the surface morphology and the three-dimensional form factor of the target. In addition, the burst-echo imaging range of our air-coupled CMUT imaging system, which could work between 52 and 273 mm, was discussed. This work suggests good potential for ultrasound imaging and gesture recognition applications.

scholarly journals Photoacoustic Imaging of Tattoo Inks: Phantom and Clinical Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eftekhar Rajab Bolookat ◽  
Laurie J. Rich ◽  
Gyorgy Paragh ◽  
Oscar R. Colegio ◽  
Anurag K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Yellow Pigments ◽  
Tattoo Inks

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a novel hybrid imaging modality that provides excellent optical contrast with the spatial resolution of ultrasound in vivo. The method is widely being investigated in the clinical setting for diagnostic applications in dermatology. In this report, we illustrate the utility of PAI as a non-invasive tool for imaging tattoos. Ten different samples of commercially available tattoo inks were examined for their optoacoustic properties in vitro. In vivo PAI of an intradermal tattoo on the wrist was performed in a healthy human volunteer. Black/gray, green, violet, and blue colored pigments provided higher levels of PA signal compared to white, orange, red, and yellow pigments in vitro. PAI provided excellent contrast and enabled accurate delineation of the extent of the tattoo in the dermis. Our results reveal the photoacoustic properties of tattoo inks and demonstrate the potential clinical utility of PAI for intradermal imaging of tattoos. PAI may be useful as a clinical adjunct for objective preoperative evaluation of tattoos and potentially to guide/monitor laser-based tattoo removal procedures.

Horse Radish Peroxidase Labelled Oligonucleotides and Tyramide Signal Amplification for Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization to Low Abundant Cytokine Mrnas

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 203-204
Author(s):  
Mariette van de Corput ◽  
Rob van Gijlswijk ◽  
Mark Bobrow ◽  
Tom Erickson ◽  
Roel Dirks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Tyramide Signal Amplification ◽  
Horse Radish Peroxidase ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Generation Capacity

In recent years, Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA) has gained acclaim as a very sensitive detection method for immunocytochemsitry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). To maximally exploit the great signal generation capacity of TSA in mRNA-FISH, minimizing signals emanating from non-specifically bound nucleic acid probe becomes of prime importance, because a specificity check of the signals observed in the cytoplasm is virtually impossible. We reasoned that utilization of synthetic oligonucleotides (ONTs) in stead of commonly used cDNAs or cRNAs would diminish non-specific probe binding and that direct Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) labelling of ONTs and TSA would enable their in situ detection.This approach was first tested in metaphase DNA-FISH using chromosome-specific repeats as targets. Using bifunctional crosslinking chemistry and HPLC, 5’-hexylamino oligonucleotides for chromosome specific simple satellite and alphoid sequences were conjugated to HRP and purified. Following 15 - 20 min of situ hybridization of a single HRP-ONT probe to metaphase chromosomes and a direct flurochrome-tyramide detection step, such repeat targets could be visualized with high specificity and excellent signal-to noise ratio.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document