scholarly journals The Importance of Liming with an Appropriate Liming Material: Long-Term Experience with a Typic Palexerult

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2605
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Olego ◽  
Miguel Javier Quiroga ◽  
Roberto López ◽  
Enrique Garzón-Jimeno
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Liming Material

Aluminium phytotoxicity is considered the main limiting factor for crop productivity in agricultural acid soils. Liming is a common practice used to improve acidic soil properties, but an appropriate liming material is essential for both agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. A long-term field experiment with two liming amendments (dolomitic limestone and limestone) was developed during 10 years to determine the changes in soil acidity and assess the effects on crop (rye) yields. Although the adverse effects of the soil acidity conditions were alleviated with both amendments tested, dolomitic limestone was the most effective in the short- and long-term period. In terms of the saturation of exchange complex, dolomitic limestone had a better efficiency, likely based on its rate of dissolution. No significant changes in soil organic matter and exchangeable potassium levels between the treatments tested were found. Both liming materials significantly increased the rye total biomass, but interestingly, significant correlations were showed between tissue levels of magnesium and biomass production, but not between the latter and calcium. The increases in rye biomass production compared with control soils at the end of the research were the following: dolomitic limestone, 47%, and limestone, 32%. A link between an increase in magnesium bioavailability and biomass production was found, as well as between magnesium rye content and total, spike and stem biomass. Hence, it could conceivably be hypothesized that since magnesium is crucial for the transport of assimilates from source leaves to sink organs, alleviating its deficiency leads to avoiding the reducing growth rate of sink organs. Although further investigations are needed to gain a better understanding of liming on the biological, chemical and physical soil properties in the long term, our research provides support for the conceptual premise that an appropriate selection of liming material is crucial for the productivity of acid soils.

Amelioration of coarse textured acidic soils used for macadamia production. I. Tree growth, yield and leaf nutrient composition

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Stephenson ◽  
RL Aitken ◽  
EC Gallagher ◽  
PW Moody
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Water Values ◽  
Treatment Application

Macadamia growers have responded to increasing soil acidity in plantations by applying ameliorants, but optimum pH for production has not been identified. The effects of lime applications on the growth, yield and leaf composition of macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden and Betch) trees were investigated at each of two sites (Pomona and Cootharaba) with acidic sandy soils in south-east Queensland. Trees at the Pomona site had been established for 6 years whereas, at Cootharaba, the trees had been recently planted. The effects of annual applications of nitrogen and nitrogen plus lime were also studied at the Cootharaba site. Tree parameters and soil properties were monitored each year for 5 years after treatment application in 1988. Treatments resulted in pH (water) values ranging from 4.6 to 7.5 and 4.3 to 6.5 at the Pomona and Cootharaba sites, respectively. with a concomitant range in soil Ca and A1 levels. Despite the wide range in soil properties, lime had no significant (P < 0.05) effect on nut-in-shell yield in any year, and the results suggest that macadamia is relatively tolerant of soil acidity. However, yields from treatments with pH values greater than 5.5 tended to be lower than those with more acidic pH values, suggesting that overliming may adversely affect long-term productivity. High lime rates also resulted in a marked reduction in the number of proteoid roots. At the Cootharaba site, nitrogen treatments significantly (P < 0.05) increased nut-in-shell yield despite the juvenile growth stage of the trees precluding nut yield until the 1993 season. Although lime applications at the Cootharaba site resulted in some increase in leaf Ca concentrations, treatments at the Pomona site, with older trees, had little effect on leaf nutrient composition.

scholarly journals Investigation of Causes and Influences of Soil Acidity on Crop Yields in Kozova District, Ternopil Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
N. M. Glovyn ◽  
O. V. Pavliv
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The paper covers the causes of occurrence and the methods of investigating soil acidity in Kozova destrict, Ternopil region. It is a highly topical issue, since increased soil acidity negatively influences the growth and the development of most cultivated crops and affects favourable microbiological soil properties. Soil acidity is caused by hydroions that are formed under the dissociation of acids and hydrolytic acid salts and are absorbed by the smallest soil particles – colloids, which can go into interstitial water. The increased soil acidity, which is a limiting factor for the biodiversity of a particular area and interferes healthy plant development, is an important agricultural problem. It can cause the decrease of crop yields as well as plant diseases. That is why, farmers should be aware of the type and the peculiarities of the soil present on their lots and take into account and regulate pH values when cultivating various agricultural crops. Soil acidity is considered to be acceptable for the healthy growth and development of plants, if it falls within the limits of рН 6.5–7.5. It has been determined that the application of mineral fertilizers without limestone materials causes acidification of typical black soils. If there is a long-term use of the increased amounts of mineral fertilizers, there is an increase of the active acidity observed. The application of nitrogenous fertilizers increases soil active acidity even more compared to the use of phosphate potassium fertilizers. Soil exhaustion prevention techniques have been substantiated. The methods of determining soil acidity have been considered. A potentiometric method is the most wide-spread in terms of determining soil acidity level, since it is highly sensitive and accurate. Soil acidity has been experimentally determined by potentiometry using TsINAO method (GOST 26483–85) and hydrolytically using Kapenn method (GOST 26212–91). Statistical data processing has been performed. The weighted-average acidity index pH salt. is 6.3 and the hydrolytic acidity is 1.77 mg–acs/100g of soil, pH salt. is 5.9 and  hydrolytic acidity is 1.92 mg–acs/100g of soil. It shows that plants can grow and develop well in this soil. Scientific and production experience suggests that the yield from acid soils decreases for 15–20%. The scientific agro-ecological approach, that is the calculation of the balance of nutrients and humus depending on the kind of the cultivated crop as well as physical, chamical and bilological soil characteristics and well-timed liming, can provide the necessary level of nutrients in the soil of agricultural enterprises. In order to provide fertile soil and improve agro-ecological conditions of the soil in Kozova district, it is necessary to provide annual application of nutrients using organic and mineral fertilizers with the optimal ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and by liming acid soils. Currently, it is very important to apply organic agriculture, which can improve the quality and the competitiveness of agricultural products. Scientific investigations on every crop have determined the optimal рH level and its value depends on the soil and the climatic conditions, the type of soils, their particle-size distribution and the state of cultivation. Soil acidity is one of the factors that influence the decrease of yields, especially the yields of those crops that require great amounts of potassium and magnesium for their healthy growth.

scholarly journals Assessing the effects of soil liming with dolomitic limestone and sugar foam on soil acidity, leaf nutrient contents, grape yield and must quality in a Mediterranean vineyard

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Olego ◽  
Fernando Visconti ◽  
Miguel J. Quiroga ◽  
José M. De Paz ◽  
Enrique Garzón-Jimeno
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Grape Yield

Aluminium toxicity has been recognized as one of the most common causes of reduced grape yields in vineyard acid soils. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two liming materials, i.e. dolomitic lime and sugar foam, on a vineyard cultivated in an acid soil. The effects were studied in two soil layers (0-30 and 30-60 cm), as well as on leaf nutrient contents, must quality properties and grape yield, in an agricultural soil dedicated to Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Mencía’ cultivation. Data management and analysis were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). As liming material, sugar foam was more efficient than dolomitic limestone because sugar foam promoted the highest decrease in soil acidity properties at the same calcium carbonate equivalent dose. However, potassium contents in vines organs, including leaves and berries, seemed to decrease as a consequence of liming, with a concomitant increase in must total acidity. Soil available phosphorus also decreased as a consequence of liming, especially with sugar foam, though no effects were observed in plants. For these reasons fertilization of this soil with K and P is recommended along with liming. Grape yields in limed soils increased, although non-significantly, by 30%. This research has therefore provided an important opportunity to advance in our understanding of the effects of liming on grape quality and production in acid soils.

Biomass production of weeds on the winter wheat stubble in long-term fertilization field experiment

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Lehoczky ◽  
András Kismányoky ◽  
Tamás Kismányoky
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Wheat Stubble

EFFECTS OF SOIL ACIDITY ON RHIZOBIA NUMBERS, NODULATION AND NITROGEN FIXATION BY ALFALFA AND RED CLOVER

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. RICE ◽  
D. C. PENNEY ◽  
M. NYBORG
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments

The effects of soil acidity on nitrogen fixation by alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) were investigated in field experiments at 28 locations, and in greenhouse experiments using soils from these locations. The pH of the soils (limed and unlimed) varied from 4.5 to 7.2. Rhizobia populations in the soil, nodulation, and relative forage yields (yield without N/yield with N) were measured in both the field and greenhouse experiments. Rhizobium meliloti numbers, nodulation scores, and relative yields of alfalfa decreased sharply as the pH of the soils decreased below 6.0. For soils with pH 6.0 or greater, there was very little effect of pH on any of the above factors for alfalfa. Soil pH in the range studied had no effect on nodulation scores and relative yields of red clover. However, R. trifolii numbers were reduced when the pH of the soil was less than 4.9. These results demonstrate that hydrogen ion concentration is an important factor limiting alfalfa growth on acid soils of Alberta and northeastern British Columbia, but it is less important for red clover. This supports the continued use of measurements of soil pH, as well as plant-available Al and Mn for predicting crop response to lime.

Contrasting yield formation characteristics in two super-rice hybrids that differ in growth duration

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Min Huang ◽  
Zui Tao ◽  
Tao Lei ◽  
Fangbo Cao ◽  
Jiana Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Formation

Summary The development of high-yielding, short-duration super-rice hybrids is important for ensuring food security in China where multiple cropping is widely practiced and large-scale farming has gradually emerged. In this study, field experiments were conducted over 3 years to identify the yield formation characteristics in the shorter-duration (∼120 days) super-rice hybrid ‘Guiliangyou 2’ (G2) by comparing it with the longer-duration (∼130 days) super-rice hybrid ‘Y-liangyou 1’ (Y1). The results showed that G2 had a shorter pre-heading growth duration and consequently a shorter total growth duration compared to Y1. Compared to Y1, G2 had lower total biomass production that resulted from lower daily solar radiation, apparent radiation use efficiency (RUE), crop growth rate (CGR), and biomass production during the pre-heading period, but the grain yield was not significantly lower than that of Y1 because it was compensated for by the higher harvest index that resulted from slower leaf senescence (i.e., slower decline in leaf area index during the post-heading period) and higher RUE, CGR, and biomass production during the post-heading period. Our findings suggest that it is feasible to reduce the dependence of yield formation on growth duration to a certain extent in rice by increasing the use efficiency of solar radiation through crop improvement and also highlight the need for a greater fundamental understanding of the physiological processes involved in the higher use efficiency of solar radiation in super-rice hybrids.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SOIL ACIDITY PROBLEM IN ALBERTA AND NORTHEASTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. PENNEY ◽  
M. NYBORG ◽  
P. B. HOYT ◽  
W. A. RICE ◽  
B. SIEMENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Crop Species

The amount of cultivated acid soil in Alberta and northeastern British Columbia was estimated from pH values of farm samples analyzed by the Alberta Soil Testing Laboratory, and the effect of soil acidity on crops was assessed from field experiments on 28 typical acid soils. The field experiments consisted of two cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and one cultivar each of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown with and without lime for 2 yr. There are about 30,000 ha of soils with a pH of 5.0 or less where soil acidity seriously restricts yields of all four crop species. There are approximately 300,000 ha with a soil pH of 5.1–5.5 where liming will on the average increase yields of alfalfa by 100%, yields of barley by 10–15%, and yields of rapeseed and red clover by 5–10%. There are a further 1,600,000 ha where soil pH ranges from 5.6 to 6.0 and liming will increase yields of alfalfa by approximately 50% and yields of barley, rapeseed and red clover by at least 4–5%.

Long-term effect of cropping system and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on production and nitrogen economy of grain crops in a Brown Chernozem

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
F. Selles ◽  
P. G. Jefferson ◽  
B. G. McConkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Average Response ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
N Yield ◽  
P Fertilizer

Assessment of the long-term impact of fertilizers and other management factors on crop production and environmental sustainability of cropping systems in the semi-arid Canadian prairies is needed. This paper discusses the long-term influence of N and P fertilizers on crop production, N uptake and water use of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and the effect of the preceding crop type [flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and fall rye (Secale cereale L.)] on wheat grown on a medium-textured, Orthic Brown Chernozem at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. We analysed 36 yr of results (1967–2002) from eight crop rotation-fertility treatments: viz., fallow-wheat receiving N and P (F-W, N + P), three F-W-W treatments fertilized with (i) N + P, (ii) P only, and (iii) N only; two other 3-yr mixed rotations with N + P (i) F-flax-W (F-Flx-W) and (ii) F-fall rye-W (F-Rye-W); and two continuous wheat rotations (Cont W), one receiving N + P and the other only P. Growing season weather conditions during the 36-yr period were near the long-term mean, but the first 22 yr were generally drier than normal while the last 14 yr (1989–2002) had average to above-average growing conditions. This was partly responsible for grain and N yield being greater in the latter period than in the first 22 yr. The 36-yr average response of wheat grown on fallow to P fertilizer was 339 kg ha-1, while the response to N fertilizer over this period was only 123 kg ha-1. The 36-yr average response of wheat grown on stubble to N was 344 kg ha-1 for F-W-(W) and 393 kg ha-1 for Cont W. Neither flax nor fall rye influenced the yield response of the following wheat crops. Annualized grain production for F-W (N + P), F-W-W (+ N) and F-W-W (+ P) rotations were similar (1130 kg ha-1 yr-1); this was about 15% lower than for F-W-W (N + P), 40% lower than for Cont W (N + P), and 5% lower than for Cont W (+ P). Annualized aboveground N yield for Cont W (N + P) was 57% higher than for Cont W (+ P). Regressions were developed relating straw to grain yields for wheat, flax and fall rye. The amount of NO3-N left in the soil was directly related to amount of N applied and inversely to N removed in the crop. Thus, F-(W)-W (+ N) left about 28% more NO3-N in the rooting zone than F-(W)-W (N + P), while F-W-(W) (N + P) left 20% more than F-W-(W) (+ P), and Cont W (N + P) left 39% more than Cont W (+ P). F-Rye-W (N + P) left much less NO3-N in the soil than any other fallow-containing system and similar amounts to Cont W (N + P). Key words: Yields, grain protein, N and P fertilizer, straw/grain regressions, water use, soil nitrate

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