scholarly journals Current Status and Future Prospective for Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Anamaria Mălinaş ◽  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
Ioan Rotar ◽  
Cristian Mălinaş ◽  
Cristina Maria Moldovan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Although essential for achieving high crop yields required for the growing population worldwide, nitrogen, (N) in large amounts, along with its inefficient use, results in environmental pollution and increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has a significant role to play in the development of more sustainable crop production systems. Considering that wheat is one of the major crops cultivated in the world and contributes in high amounts to the large N footprint, designing sustainable wheat crop patterns, briefly defined by us in this review as the 3 Qs (high quantity, good quality and the quintessence of natural environment health) is urgently required. There are numerous indices used to benchmark N management for a specific crop, including wheat, but the misunderstanding of their specific functions could result in an under/overestimation of crop NUE. Thus, a better understanding of N dynamics in relation to wheat N cycling can enhance a higher efficiency of N use. In this sense, the aim of our review is to provide a critical analysis on the current knowledge with respect to wheat NUE. Further, considering the key traits involved in N uptake, assimilation, distribution and utilization efficiency, as well as genetics (G), environment (E) and management (M) interactions, we suggest a series of future perspectives that can enhance a better efficiency of N in wheat.

Nitrogen use efficiency, economic return and yield performance of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] as influenced by nipping and fertility levels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Dhaka ◽  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Bhagat Singh ◽  
Karmal Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Use Efficiency

An experiment was conducted to study nitrogen use efficiency in pigeonpea at Research farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India having three nipping treatments (no nipping, nipping at just start of branching and nipping at flower initiation) and five fertility levels (control, 20 kg N + 40 kg P2O5/ha, 30 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 /ha, 40 kg N + 40 kg P2O5/ha and 20 kg N + 40 kg P2O5/ha + foliar spray of 2% N immediately after nipping) replicated thrice in split plot design during growing seasons of 2016 and 2017. Nipping at start of branching reduced the plant height, while increased primary and secondary branches, pods/plant and yield over no nipping. Significantly higher total N uptake, protein content, net return, B: C, agronomical NUE, physiologic NUE, agro-physiologic NUE, apparent recovery efficiency, utilization efficiency of N and partial N balance were improved with nipping at start of branching. Among fertility levels, 40 kg N + 40 kg P2O5 / ha recorded significantly higher yield attributes with 39.7 per cent higher seed yield over control. Significantly higher agronomic NUE, physiologic NUE, agro-physiological NUE, apparent recovery efficiency, utilization efficiency of N, partial N balance and NER were recorded with 20 kg/ha as compared to higher nitrogen doses.

scholarly journals Assessing Wheat Response to N Fertilization in a Wheat–Maize–Soybean Long-Term Rotation through NUE Measurements

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
Anamaria Mălinaș ◽  
Ioan Rotar ◽  
Rozalia Kadar ◽  
Valeria Deac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen fertilization is indispensable in increasing wheat crop productivity but, in order to achieve maximum profitable production and minimum negative environmental impact, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) should be considered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in a long-term wheat–maize–soybean rotation system with the final purpose of increasing the overall performance of the wheat cropping system. Research was undertaken at the Agricultural Research Development Station Turda (ARDS Turda), located in Western Transylvania Plain, Romania. The experimental field was carried out at a fixed place during seven wheat vegetation seasons. The plant material consisted of a wheat variety created by the ARDS Turda (Andrada), one variety of maize (Turda 332) and one variety of soybean (Felix). The experiment covered two planting patterns: wheat after maize and wheat after soybean and five levels of nitrogen fertilization (control-unfertilized, fertilization with 0—control plot, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha−1 y−1). The following indices were assessed: NUE (nitrogen use efficiency), N uptake and PFP (partial factor productivity). The results of the present study suggest that reduced N-fertilization doses could improve N uptake and utilization for both planting patterns.

Productivity and nitrogen use efficiency parameters in cotton cultivars with varying N levels and soil types under rainfed conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Venugopalan ◽  
K. Hebbar ◽  
P. Tiwary ◽  
S. Chatterji ◽  
V. Ramamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake Efficiency ◽  
N Utilization ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was conducted under rainfed conditions, on a shallow soil (Inceptisol) underlain with weathered basalt and on a deep soil (Vertisol) to evaluate three cotton cultivars [AKH 4 ( Gossypium arboreum ), LRK 516 ( G. hirsutum ) and NHH 44 (intra- hirsutum hybrid)] under four levels of N (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha −1 ) and to analyse the variations in productivity using the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) parameter. The yield of AKH4 and NHH 44 was 101 and 89% higher than that of LRK 516. The yield and the response to N were higher on the Inceptisol. The enhanced yield and NUE of AKH 4 and NHH 44 were attributed to the improved efficiency of N uptake utilization. NUE declined from 21.6 at 40 kg ha −1 to 7.7 at 120 kg N ha −1 . The N uptake efficiency and N utilization efficiency were independent of each other, but complemented each other in improving NUE. The implications of variations in NUE, N uptake efficiency and N utilization efficiency and their components, N biomass production efficiency and HI, in cotton breeding and agronomy are also discussed.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Parent vs. Hybrid Canola under Varying Nitrogen Availabilities

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2364
Author(s):  
Shanay T. Williams ◽  
Sally Vail ◽  
Melissa M. Arcand
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Use Efficiency

Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is essential for sustainable agriculture, especially in high-N-demanding crops such as canola (Brassica napus). While advancements in above-ground agronomic practices have improved NUE, research on soil and below-ground processes are limited. Plant NUE—and its components, N uptake efficiency (NUpE), and N utilization efficiency (NUtE)—can be further improved by exploring crop variety and soil N cycling. Canola parental genotypes (NAM-0 and NAM-17) and hybrids (H151857 and H151816) were grown on a dark brown chernozem in Saskatchewan, Canada. Soil and plant samples were collected at the 5–6 leaf stage and flowering, and seeds were collected at harvest maturity. Soil N cycling varied with phenotypic stage, with higher potential ammonium oxidation rates at the 5–6 leaf stage and higher urease activity at flowering. Seed N uptake was higher under higher urea-N rates, while the converse was true for NUE metrics. Hybrids had higher yield, seed N uptake, NUtE, and NUE, with higher NUE potentially owing to higher NUtE at flowering, which led to higher yield and seed N allocation. Soil N cycling and soil N concentrations correlated for improved canola NUE, revealing below-ground breeding targets. Future studies should consider multiple root characteristics, including rhizosphere microbial N cycling, root exudates, and root system architecture, to determine the below-ground dynamics of plant NUE.

scholarly journals Characterization of brazilian wheat cultivars in terms of nitrogen use efficiency

Bragantia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Lemes da Silva ◽  
Giovani Benin ◽  
Elesandro Bornhofen ◽  
Matheus Henrique Todeschini ◽  
Samuel Cristian Dallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen (N) management in wheat crop is one of the most studied agricultural practices in Brazil; however, there are few reports on its use efficiency. The objective of this study was to characterize 18 Brazilian wheat cultivars, which are representative and have been recently released to cultivation, for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The experiments were carried out in Pato Branco, Paraná, and Coxilha, Rio Grande do Sul, during the 2011 crop season. It was used a randomized block design with three replications, in factorial scheme (2 environments × 18 cultivars). Genetic variability was observed for nitrogen utilization efficiency by grains (NUtEg=47.6 to 81.1 kg kg-1) and nitrogen harvest index (NHI=71.3 to 84.6%) with significant effects relating to the environment of cultivation and performance of these traits. The evaluation of the protein concentration of grain by near infrared spectrometry (GPC N) produced equivalent results to the direct analytical method of Kjeldahl (GPC K), in Pato Branco (r=0.56) and Coxilha (RS) (r=0.80). However the CPG N overestimated the protein values by 16.85%. The GPC and protein yield were positively correlated with NUtEg and NHI. The best performance for the traits associated with NUE was observed for the following cultivars: Mirante, Quartzo, Fundacep Cristalino, Fundacep Raízes and CD 150. This is the first report of differences between Brazilian wheat cultivars for nitrogen use efficiency.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Watermelon Grafted onto 10 Wild Watermelon Rootstocks under Low Nitrogen Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azher Nawaz ◽  
Xiaojie Han ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Zuhua Zheng ◽  
Fareeha Shireen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen availability is the key determinant of plant growth and development. The improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in crops is an important consideration. In fruit and vegetables, such as watermelon, rootstocks are often utilized to control soil borne diseases and improve plant performance to a range of abiotic stresses. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of 10 wild watermelon rootstocks (ZXG-516, ZXG-941, ZXG-945, ZXG-1250, ZXG-1251, ZXG-1558, ZXG-944, ZXG-1469, ZXG-1463, and ZXG-952) to improve the plant growth and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of the watermelon cultivar: Zaojia 8424. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a comprehensive parameter that represents the ability of a plant to absorb nitrogen (N) and convert the supplied resources to the dry biomass. Wild watermelon rootstocks substantially improved plant growth, rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductivity, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, rate of transpiration, nitrogen uptake efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen utilization efficiency of watermelon. NUE of watermelon grafted onto ZXG-945, ZXG-1250, and ZXG-941 was improved by up to 67%, 77%, and 168%, respectively, at optimum N supply. Similarly, at low N supply (0.2 mM), NUE of watermelon grafted onto ZXG-1558 and ZXG-516 was improved by up to 104% and 175%, respectively. In conclusion, grafting onto some wild rootstocks can improve nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon, and this improved nitrogen use efficiency could be attributed to better N uptake efficiency of wild watermelon rootstocks.

scholarly journals Advances in Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Genetic Improvement for Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Barley

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakura D. Karunarathne ◽  
Yong Han ◽  
Xiao-Qi Zhang ◽  
Chengdao Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Nitrogen (N) fertilization plays an important role in crop production; however, excessive and inefficient use of N fertilizer is a global issue that incurs high production costs, pollutes the environment and increases the emission of greenhouse gases. To overcome these negative consequences, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) would be a key factor for profitable crop production either by increasing yield or reducing fertilizer cost. In contrast to soil and crop management practices, understanding the molecular mechanisms in NUE and developing new varieties with improved NUE is more environmentally and economically friendly. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in understanding and improving nitrogen use efficiency in barley, with perspectives on the impact of N on plant morphology and agronomic performance, NUE and its components such as N uptake and utilization, QTLs and candidate genes controlling NUE, and new strategies for NUE improvement.

scholarly journals Sustainable and Profitable Nitrogen Fertilization Management of Potato

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Ierna ◽  
Giovanni Mauromicale
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen fertilization is indispensable to improving potato crop productivity, but there is a need to manage it suitably by looking at environmental sustainability. In a three-season experiment, we studied the effects of five nitrogen (N) fertilization rates: 0 (N0), 100 (N100), 200 (N200), 300 (N300) and 400 (N400) kg N ha−1 on crop N uptake, apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency (ANRE), tuber yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE), nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (AgNUE) of five different potato cultivars: Daytona, Ninfa, Rubino, Sieglinde and Spunta. The economically optimum N fertilizer rates (EONFR) were also calculated. In seasons with high soil nitrogen availability for the crop (about 85 kg ha−1 of N), tuber yield increased only up to N100 and ANRE was about 50%; in seasons with medium (from 50 to 60 kg ha−1 of N) soil N availability, tuber yield increased up to N200 and ANRE was about 45%. Rubino and Sieglinde (early cultivars) responded for tuber yield only up to N100; Daytona, Ninfa, Spunta (late cultivars) up to N200, showing the highest values of NUE, NUpE, NUtE and AgNUE at N100. EONFR ranged from 176 to 268 kg ha−1 in relation to cultivar and season, but the reduction by 50% led to a tuber yield decrease of only around 16%. The adoption of cultivars characterized by high AgNUE at a low N rate and a soil nitrate test prior to planting, are effective tools to achieve a more sustainable and cost-effective nitrogen fertilization management.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation in Nitrogen Use-Efficiency Traits of 28 Tobacco Genotypes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
André B. Andrade ◽  
Douglas R. Guelfi ◽  
Valdemar Faquin ◽  
Fabrício S. Coelho ◽  
Carolina S. de C. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Knowing the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops is crucial to minimize environmental pollution, although NUE is rarely provided for numerous genotypes in the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) crop. Through the growth of contrasting genotypes in nutritive solutions, we aimed to characterize five NUE components of 28 genotypes and to classify them according to their efficiency and responsiveness to nitrogen (N) availability. On average, physiological N use efficiency, N harvest index, and N uptake efficiency decreased by 16%, 4%, and 57%, respectively, under N-deficient conditions, while N utilization efficiency decreased by 43% at adequate N supply. The relative efficiency of N use varied from 35% to 59% among genotypes. All genotypes of the Virginia and Maryland varietal groups were efficient, and those of the Burley, Comum, and Dark groups were inefficient, while the responsiveness varied among genotypes within varietal groups, except for Maryland genotypes. Our findings are helpful in indicating genotypes with distinguished efficiency and responsiveness to N supply, which can be further chosen according to soil N level or affordability to N fertilizers worldwide in tobacco crops. In a general framework, this can lead to a more sustainable use of N and can support tobacco breeding programs for NUE.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Local and National Aromatic Rice Varieties in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Chairunnisak Chairunnisak ◽  
Sugiyanta Sugiyanta ◽  
Edi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Content ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Plot

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a necessitate in order to enhance sustainable rice farming in Indonesia. Thus, objective of present research was to evaluate NUE of local and national Indonesian superior aromatic rice treated with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N). Planting plot was arranged using five levels of N as the main plot, i.e; 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1; and two rice varieties as subplot, i.e: Sigupai Abdya (local) and Inpari 23 Bantul (national). The results showed application 180 kg N ha-1 to Sigupai  Abdya significantly increased the plant height. However, it also postponed the flowering time. Inpari 23 Bantul treated with 180 kg N ha-1 produced the highest number of tillers. Combination of 90 kg N ha-1 with Sigupai Abdya variety significantly reduced the number of empty grains. Sigupai Abdya variety has a higher number of grains per panicle and sampling plot yield than Inpari 23 Bantul, and  dosage 90 kg N ha-1 increases grain yield per clump also sampling plot yield significantly. Nitrogen at 180 kg N ha-1 made Sigupai Abdya variety has high N content and absorption N in primordia phase, and the Inpari 23 Bantul variety had grain with high N content. Nitrogen at 90 kg ha-1 caused Sigupai Abdya variety at primordia phase had NUE higher than Inpari 23 Bantul. This study showed that local variety Sigupai Abdya is suitable for development as rice with low input NKeywords: Aceh aromatic, low input, nitrogen dose, N uptake, Oryza sativa L. 

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