scholarly journals Assisting Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Using Chemical Amendments

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽  
Md. Nashir Uddin ◽  
Iffat Ara-Sharmeen ◽  
Hesham F. Alharby ◽  
Yahya Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Soil Phytoremediation ◽  
Core Part ◽  
Toxic Organic Substances

Phytoremediation is one of the safer, economical, and environment-friendly techniques in which plants are used to recover polluted soils, particularly those containing toxic organic substances and heavy metals. However, it is considered as a slow form of remediation, as plants take time to grow and flourish. Various amendments, including the augmentation of certain chemical substances i.e., ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylene glycol tetra acetic acid (EGTA), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have been used to induce and enhance the phytoextraction capacity in plants. Several reports show that chemical amendments can improve the metal accumulation in different plant parts without actually affecting the growth of the plant. This raises a question about the amount and mechanisms of chemical amendments that may be needed for potentially good plant growth and metal phytoremediation. This review provides a detailed discussion on the mechanisms undertaken by three important chemical amendments that are widely used in enhancing phytoremediation (i.e., EDTA, EGTA, and SDS) to support plant growth as well as soil phytoremediation. A core part of this review focuses on the recent advances that have been made using chemical amendments in assisting metal phytoremediation.

Heavy metals in plants in constructed and natural wetlands: concentration, accumulation and seasonality

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vymazal ◽  
T. Březinová
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Natural Wetlands ◽  
Intracellular Binding ◽  
Natural Stands

The accumulation of heavy metals in plants is a function of uptake capacity and intracellular binding sites. The concentrations of heavy metals in plants growing in constructed wetlands vary considerably between species and systems but in general, the concentrations are within the range commonly found in natural stands. The highest concentrations are mostly found in roots, followed by rhizomes, leaves and stems. Unfortunately, concentration values are commonly used to evaluate the ‘accumulation’ of heavy metals, but this approach is not correct. In order to evaluate heavy metal accumulation, the biomass of particular plant parts must be taken into consideration. In addition, there are two other factors, which need to be taken into consideration when accumulation is evaluated, namely seasonality and distribution within the plant shoot. It has been found that the seasonal distribution of heavy metals in the biomass varies between heavy metals and mostly does not follow the pattern known for nutrients. In addition, the concentration and accumulation of heavy metals vary considerably within the shoot and this fact should be taken into consideration when analyses are carried out.

Copper and Cadmium Tolerance, Uptake and Effect on Chloroplast Ultrastructure. Studies on Salix purpurea and Phragmites australis

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 417-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmalek Hakmaoui ◽  
Mohammed Ater ◽  
Károly Bóka ◽  
Matilde Barón
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Cadmium Tolerance ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Salix Purpurea

We have compared the effect of toxic Cu and Cd concentrations on growth, metal accumulation, and chloroplast ultrastructure of willow (Salix purpurea L.) and reed [Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.]. After a 10-day treatment, both species have tolerated to some extent the lowest concentration of both metals; however, plant growth was strongly reduced at the highest Cu and Cd concentrations. These plants could be described as Cutolerant at the lowest concentration tested, showing a higher tolerance index in reed than in willow; in contrast, willow exhibited higher tolerance against Cd. Both plants appeared to be moderate root accumulators of Cu and Cd. Ultrastructural studies revealed special features that can provide some protection against heavy metals stress, such as ferritin aggregates in the stroma. In addition, Cu and Cd induced distortion of thylakoids, reduction of grana stacks, as well as an increased number and size of plastoglobuli and peripheral vesicles.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF PHYTO-EXTRACTION POTENTIALS AND PERFORMANCE OF FALSE SESAME (CERATOTHECA SESAMOIDES) UNDER INDUCED SOIL POLLUTION BY AUTOMOBILE LUBRICANT IN SAVANNA ECOREGION

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babajide ◽  
Popoola ◽  
Gbadamosi ◽  
Oyedele ◽  
Liasu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Spent Engine Oil

While strategizing towards achieving improved soil fertility for sustainable tropical crop production, timely application of fertilizers on regular basis alone is not the University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria best approach, particularly on polluted soils. However, seeking for reliable natural, biological and environment friendly means of ensuring effective riddance of toxic elements or heavy metals from tropical agricultural soils is equally a worthwhile technology. An open-field potted experiment was conducted during early raining season of 2016 (March-July), at the Teaching and Research Farms of Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, to investigate the effect of spent engine oil polluted soil conditions on performance and heavy metal accumulation potentials of Ceratothecasesamoides. Spent engine oil was applied at different concentrations (0.0ml, 50.0ml, 100.0ml, 150.0ml, and 200.0ml to each pot containing 7kg soil. Four pots per treatments were used. The trial was arranged in Completely Randomised Design (CRD), replicated three (3) times. Data were collected on growth parameters (number of leaves, plant height, stem girth, leaf length and leaf breadth). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to the means. Pre and post-cropping soil analyses were carried out, for determination of nutrient concentrations. Also, after the termination of the experiment, plant samples were collected from each of the pots for oven-drying followed by determination of nutrient concentrations (including the heavy metals). Oil pollution significantly affected growth and heavy metal accumulation of the test-crop. Growth decreases with increasing rate of lubricant application, while the heavy metal concentrations in the test-crop increased with increasing concentrations of the applied spent engine oil. Thus, Ceratothecasesamoides is a wild plant which could be easily exploited for its heavy metals hyper-accumulative or phyto-extractive potentials, so as to reclaim heavy metals polluted soils from toxicity, for sustainable crop production.

scholarly journals Fitoextração de cobre e zinco de um Neossolo Quartzarênico contaminado com metais pesados

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 396
Author(s):  
Lucia Helena Garofalo Chaves ◽  
Ramara Sena de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Zinc Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Soil Phytoremediation ◽  
Soil Metals ◽  
Copper Contaminated

The use of plants for soil phytoremediation is a technique capable of using photosynthetic plant systems to reduce levels of soil metals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of extracting heavy metals by Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L) plants, grown under an entisol. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using pots with 8.6 kg of capacity. The experimental design was completely randomized with three replications, with five levels of copper (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mgdm-3) and five levels of zinc (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mgdm-3). Plant was harvested 90 days after sowing and the dry matter content, plant and soil heavy metals content were evaluated. With the application of copper and zinc, plant total dry matter decreased and the concentrations of these evaluated metals increased in all plant parts. The Jatropha is more efficient in extracting zinc than copper, which is a demand of a greater number of crops grown in copper contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Effects of Heavy Metals on Plant Growth and Metal Accumulation in Moringa Plant.

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Waheed Yaseen ◽  
Bakhtawar Sajjad ◽  
Iqra Azam ◽  
Humayun Ajaz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Toxicity Level

Moringa oleifera sprung in soil contaminated with Lead and Magnesium. Stress of heavy metals of different strength was applied in each replicate. Physical parameters are necrosis, chlorosis, and height of plant included in this research. The sample Leaves, roots and stems are collected from each replicate after a week, washed, dried weighed, crushed, digested with Aqua Regia and at the end filtered. The extract was diluted to a specific extent with distilled water and quantitatively measured with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The data collected was statistically analyzed. Measured the Toxicity level and optimum conditions for plant growth and yield was calculated from the data collected. .

scholarly journals A review on heavy metal accumulation and toxicity in biotic and abiotic components

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012062
Author(s):  
Manmeet Kaur ◽  
Akriti Sharma ◽  
Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Polluted Soils

Abstract Pollutants in the environment remains to be a global issue and among the greatest challenges confronting mankind. Among the various kinds of pollutants, heavy metals have drawn a lot of attention owing to their toxicity. Heavy metals are recognized to be naturally existing, however they are introduced in considerable quantities in many environmental compartments due to anthropogenic activities. When added into the atmosphere eventually these find their way back to the ground, contaminating soils and water. These metals enter into the plant system through a variety of physiological mechanisms, affecting plant growth and development. The possible entry of these elements into the ecosystem has been attributed to the increased levels of heavy metals in the ecosystem through direct intake from polluted soils, vegetables grown on polluted soils, or drinking wastewater that has infiltrated through such soils. Heavy metal accumulation arises when vegetable crops are grown in an environment contaminated with heavy metal, further entering and magnifying in the food chain. Human health is jeopardised by the presence and consumption of potentially harmful heavy metals in biota and groundwater. Heavy metal exposure can cause a number of serious human health implications, including kidney disease, respiratory problems, neurological disorders, and cancer. These heavy metals have an impact not merely on plants and humans, but also on soil health, water sources, soil nutrient status, and other aquatic organisms. These are irreversibly introduced in the environment since they cannot be degraded and are typically present in trace amounts, yet even at low levels, many of them can be harmful. The increased levels of heavy metals in the environment are hence currently prompting increased concern and need improvised remedial measures.

Plastic Mulch Color Effects on Light Micro-environment and Watermelon Plant Growth

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 474d-474
Author(s):  
N.K. Damayanthi Ranwala ◽  
Dennis R. Decoteau
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Total Light ◽  
Dry Mass Partitioning

This study was conducted to evaluate the spectral properties of various colored plastic color mulches and to determine the effects of upwardly reflected light from the mulch surfaces on watermelon plant growth when differences in root zone temperatures are minimized. Two-week-old watermelon plants were grown with black mulch, red-painted mulch, SRM-Red mulch (Sonoco, Inc., Harstville, S.C.), and white mulch. Total light reflection (58 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) and red: far-red (R:FR = 0.44) of reflected light were lower in black mulch and highest in white mulch (634 and 0.92, respectively). Both black mulch and white mulch had same blue:red (B:R = 0.6) while white mulch had higher B:FR (0.58) in reflected light compared to black mulch (0.26). Reflective properties of red mulches were somewhat similar, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.8, 0.2, and 0.18, respectively. However, SRM-Red mulch had highest total light (355 μmol·m–2·s–1 in 400–700 nm) transmission through the mulch, and R:FR, B:R, and B:FR were 0.84, 0.28, and 0.23, respectively. Light transmission through the other mulches was nonsignificant. Watermelon plants grown with black mulch and red mulches had higher internode lengths compared to white mulch after 20 days. Further, plants grown under black had significant higher petiole elongation accompanied with higher dry mass partitioning to petioles, and lower partitioning to roots, stems, and leaves. There was no effects of surface mulch color on total plant dry mass or photosynthesis although plants with black had higher transpiration rate. This suggests the differential regulation of dry mass partitioning among plant parts due to mulch color. The similar plant responses with black mulch and white mulch to plants treated with FR or R light at the end of photoperiod implies the involvement of phytochrome regulation of growth due to mulch surface color.

scholarly journals Metal Accumulation Profile of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don and Celosia argentea L. with EDTA Co-Application

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 598
Author(s):  
Muneeba Qurban ◽  
Cyrus Raza Mirza ◽  
Aqib Hassan Ali Khan ◽  
Walid Khalifa ◽  
Mustapha Boukendakdji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
Celosia Argentea

The problem of metal-induced toxicity is proliferating with an increase in industrialization and urbanization. The buildup of metals results in severe environmental deterioration and harmful impacts on plant growth. In this study, we investigated the potential of two ornamental plants, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don and Celosia argentea L., to tolerate and accumulate Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Cu. These ornamental plants were grown in Hoagland’s nutrient solution containing metal loads (50 µM and 100 µM) alone and in combination with a synthetic chelator, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (2.5 mM). Plant growth and metal tolerance varied in both plant species for Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Cu. C. roseus growth was better in treatments without EDTA, particularly in Ni, Cr, and Pb treatments, and Pb content increased in all parts of the plant. In contrast, Cd content decreased with EDTA addition. In C. argentea, the addition of EDTA resulted in improved plant biomass at both doses of Cu. In contrast, plant biomass reduced significantly in the case of Ni. In C. argentea, without EDTA, root length in Cd and Cu treatments was significantly lower than the control and other treatments. However, the addition of EDTA resulted in improved growth at both doses for Pb and Cu. Metal accumulation in C. argentea enhanced significantly with EDTA addition at both doses of Cu and Cd. Hence, it can be concluded that EDTA addition resulted in improved growth and better metal uptake than treatments without EDTA. Metal accumulation increased with EDTA addition compared to treatments without EDTA, particularly for Pb in C. roseus and Cu and Cd in C. argentea. Based on the present results, C. roseus showed a better ability to phytostabilize Cu, Cd, and Ni, while C. argentea worked better for Ni, Cd, Cu, and Pb.

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