scholarly journals Seed Morphology of Allium L. (Amaryllidaceae) from Central Asian Countries and Its Taxonomic Implications

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1239
Author(s):  
Shukherdorj Baasanmunkh ◽  
Jae Kyoung Lee ◽  
Ju Eun Jang ◽  
Min Su Park ◽  
Nikolai Friesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Seed Testa

We studied seed macro- and micro-morphological characteristics of 48 Allium species (51 accessions) belonging to 24 sections and 7 subgenera. Our taxonomic sampling focused on the central Asian regions of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Mongolia. The seed length ranged between 1.74 ± 0.16–4.47 ± 0.43 mm and width ranged between 1.06 ± 0.08–3.44 ± 0.23 mm, showing various shapes. The irregular and elongated polygonal testa cells occurred in all investigated species. Seed testa sculptures showed high variation in their anticlinal walls associated with different shapes: straight to with U-, S- or Omega-type undulations among the species. The moderately flat to convex periclinal walls with various sized verrucae or granules were found in all investigated taxa. Based on our research, we conclude that seed characteristics such as size, shape, and the seed testa features show their significant variability, revealing key characteristics to support taxonomic relationships and major clades recovered in the molecular phylogeny of the genus Allium. Especially, the anticlinal wall characteristics were highly variable and decisive at the both section and species levels. In addition, widely varied shapes and sizes of the seeds were remarkably effective to distinguish Allium species.

Seed morphology of Portulaca (Portulacaceae) in Cuba and taxonomic implications

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 513 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-117
Author(s):  
JOSÉ ANGEL GARCÍA-BELTRÁN ◽  
DUNIEL BARRIOS ◽  
ELDIS R. BÉCQUER ◽  
SALVADOR ARIAS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Association Patterns ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Mature Seeds

Portulaca is the only genus in Portulacaceae and includes ca. 115 species with worldwide distribution. 12 species (one naturalized) occur in Cuba. The taxonomic value of seeds characters for the circumscription of species, by comparing macro- and micromorphological characters, is analyzed. The seeds of Cuban purslanes do not present association patterns between types of undulations of the anticline walls. The relief of their periclinal walls allows the corroborate certain variation in the distribution range of some species. The delimitation of Portulaca species in Cuba using seeds characters, provided as an identification key and descriptions, confirms the taxonomic value of such characters and strengthens the circumscriptions supported by the rest of the plant structures. This is largely given by the standardization of macromorphological terms with a micromorphological basis, the color of the mature seeds and their dimensions.

Seed morphology of the genus Scrophularia L. (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey and its taxonomic implications

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 434 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-64
Author(s):  
FUNDA ÖZBEK ◽  
MEHMET ERKAN UZUNHİSARCIKLI ◽  
MURAT EKİCİ ◽  
EBRU DOĞAN GÜNER ◽  
NUR MÜNEVVER PINAR
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
Scanning Electron

73 taxa of the genus Scrophularia (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey have been investigated using light stereomicroscope (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to describe their seed morphological characteristics and to evaluate the diagnostic value of these features as a contribution to the genus systematics. The seeds are oblong, ellipsoid, ovoid or obovoid in shape and light or dark brown, blackish-brown to black in colour. The seed length ranges from 0.41 to 2.04 mm and seed width from 0.24 to 1.33 mm. All investigated taxa have bireticulate-alveolate ornamentation with vesicles on the corners of secondary reticulum cells except of S. zuvandica. The alveoli are oblong, orbicular and linear with a size of 7.63–143.1 × 21.62–314.2 µm. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis have been used to determine the contribution of seed morphological characters to the taxa relationships. Numerical analysis has revealed that the seed size and the secondary reticulum properties have significant importance in taxonomy of the genus for distinguishing taxa from each other.

scholarly journals Seed morphology of bladderworts: a survey on Utricularia sect. Foliosa and sect. Psyllosperma (Lentibulariaceae) with taxonomic implications

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristine Gobbo Menezes ◽  
EDUARDO CUSTÓDIO GASPARINO ◽  
PAULO CESAR BALEEIRO ◽  
VITOR FERNANDES OLIVEIRA DE MIRANDA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Species from Utricularia sect. Foliosa and sect. Psyllosperma were studied based on seed characteristics. Our goals were to search for informative characters useful to species delimitations, especially for very polymorphic species such as U. amethystina, and also to provide an identification key and discussion about the delimitation of both sections. The qualitative characters of seeds were more useful than quantitative ones for taxonomic purposes but, as presented here in an identification key, it was impossible to distinguish three species from each other (Utricularia huntii, U. praelonga and U. tridentata). Our results are not enough for deep speculations about the delimitation of both sections. However, they do not agree with Taylor’s system, because it was impossible to separate the studied species in two clearly different groups. However, the variability found in the seed characters was evaluated in this work and we also briefly discussed the ecologic implications of some seed traits.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Common Bean Genotypes as Revealed By Seed Storage Proteins and Some Agronomic Traits

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Marzooghian ◽  
Mohammad Moghaddam ◽  
Mostafa Valizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Kooshki
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Morphology

AbstractEvaluation of the genetic diversity present within species is essential for conservation, management and utilization of the genetic resources. The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic variability of 70 common bean genotypes for seed storage proteins, grain morphological characteristics and agronomic traits. Two methods of extracting soluble seed proteins in salt were used.Positive correlations were observed among both seed morphological characters and developmental characters while yield components showed negative correlations with each other. Factor analysis for agronomic and grain morphological traits resulted in three factors were named yield components, seed morphology and phenology, respectively. Most genotypes had lower or medium scores for yield components and phenology factors. Considerable diversity was observed for seed morphology factor among the common bean genotypes.Nei’s diversity coefficient (He= 0.4), effective number of alleles (Ae= 1.69) and number of polymorphic loci (N = 17) indicated larger variation in the extraction method of soluble proteins in low salt (0.2 M NaCl) than high salt (1 M NaCl) condition. Considering that the centers of diversity for common bean are different in seed size, the result of Gst statistics showed that bands with relative mobility of 30, 32, 38 and 40 differentiated two weight groups more than other bands. Furthermore, significant differences were observed between these bands for number of pods per plant and number of seeds per plant.

scholarly journals Remarks Using the SEM method Species Seeds of Gentiana occurring in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. ALÇITEPE ◽  
S. ERKEN ◽  
F. GÜLBAG ◽  
M.E. ÖZZAMBAK
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Seed Micromorphology ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
First Time ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Wing Cell

ABSTRACT Seeds of eleven perennial Gentiana collected from Turkey were analyzed using the SEM method. Other species excluding G. septemfida, G. boissieri, G. gelida were studied for the first time. They were identified and compared in terms of seed characteristics and surface ornamentations. Major characteristics including the outer periclinal walls of testa, sculpting of inner periclinal walls, seed shape, seed and testa cell, wing cell size, thickness of testa wall and seed shape have been proposed for Turkey Gentiana. They are divided into different types, such as no wing, chalazal wing, incomplete discoid wing, complete discoid wing according to the outer periclinal walls of testa. Considering primary sculpting of seeds, irregularly striate and shallowly reticulate type is observed. Anticlinal walls of G. olivieri, G. boissieri and G. gelida are curved, while others are straight. G. lutea has the largest mean seed (4.20 x 4.40 mm), while G. cruciata (0.67 x 0.60 mm) and G. olivieri have the smallest mean seeds (0.67 x 0.67 mm). Seed micromorphology can be used together with morphological character to form classifications in studied specimens for Gentiana genus.

scholarly journals Study morphology of loquat plants (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.) from Karo, Dairi, and Simalungun Districts, North Sumatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012103
Author(s):  
Elimasni ◽  
R A Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Binary Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Eriobotrya Japonica ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
The Public

Abstract Abstrak. Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is a flowering plant that belongs to the Rosacea family. The loquat has many health benefits. Cultivation and information about loquat plants in Indonesia are still limited, so they are rarely found and known by the public. Limited information and data regarding loquat plants is also an obstacle to the development of loquat plants. Research on loquat plants aims to analyze the morphological characters in three districts, namely, Karo, Dairi, and Simalungun districts. This research was conducted using a descriptive method. The analysis of the morphological characteristics of loquat plants using morphological data scoring into binary data. The similarity between individuals was analyzed using clusters with the NTSYS program version 2.0 with the UPGMA method of the SimQual function. Morphological Observation Results Loquat plants (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) in Karo, Dairi, and Simalungun Districts have uniform characters in the morphology of stems, leaves, and flowers. However, the observed fruit and seed morphology showed different characters. Different characters exist in the shape of the fruit and seeds. The morphological similarity level of loquat plants was grouped at a similarity coefficient value of 95%. Clusters I and II have the highest similarity with a coefficient value of 100%. Cluster III has the lowest similarity with a coefficient value of 97%.

Seed morphology of perennial taxa of Euphorbia section Pithyusa (Euphorbiaceae) in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 336 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
İLKER GENÇ ◽  
ŞÜKRAN KÜLTÜR
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Surface ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
Seed Characteristics ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study based on seed morphology of perennial Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) sect. Pithyusa species occurring in Turkey is presented. A total of 14 species were studied. Seed characteristics were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as dissecting light microscopy. Significant features are: seed size, seed shape, shape of caruncle and seed surface ornamentation. Three different seed surface types (smooth, pitted, and wrinkled) were observed. Four main seed shapes (ovoid, oblong, quadrangular, and globose), as well as seven types of seed coat ornamentation (reticulate-areolate, areolate, alveolate, falsifoveate, pusticulate, colliculate and smooth) were found. The number of testa cells per 100 µm2 and also its range, from 8–12 to 57–63, are given.

scholarly journals Malus ×oxysepala (M. domestica Borkh. × M. sylvestris Mill.) – a new spontaneous apple hybrid

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Czarna ◽  
Renata Nowińska ◽  
Barbara Gawrońska
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Specific Amplification ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
Seed Testa

<p>A study of the three <em>Malus</em> species (<em>M. domestica</em>, <em>M. sylvestris</em>, and a hybrid species, <em>M. domestica</em> × <em>M. sylvestris</em>, which was named <em>M.</em> ×<em>oxysepala</em>) was carried out based on the morphological and micromorphological features and molecular investigation. Observations performed for 47 quantitative traits showed that this hybrid species exhibits intermediate values between <em>M. domestica</em> and <em>M. sylvestris</em>, or are similar to traits of one of the parents. Sepals proved to be the best diagnostic feature because they were acuminate and much longer than sepals in <em>M. domestica</em> and <em>M. sylvestris</em>. Seed testa cells are distinct, rimmed with straight anticlinal walls and strongly bulged periclinal walls. Simultaneous genetic analyses based on PCR RAPD reactions fully confirmed earlier morphological observations. Genetic profiles of the hybrid obtained with the use of 30 primers, next to species-specific amplification products, contain common products with each of the parents. However, both the profile analysis and the dendrogram constructed on its basis showed that the hybrid is genetically closer to <em>M. sylvestris</em>.</p>

scholarly journals 397 LIFE CYCLE AND FLORAL INITIATION OF ORNAMENTAL ALLIUM SPECIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 488b-488
Author(s):  
Rina Kamenetsky ◽  
Jacob Blaustein
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Annual Life Cycle ◽  
Allium Species ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Principal Mechanism ◽  
Flower Primordia ◽  
Central Asian

The annual life cycle and development of the monocarpic shoot of some ornamental Allium species from Central Asia and the Mediterranean area have been followed from the time of meristem dome initiation in the axil of a mother plant leaf, through formation of scale, leaf and flower primordia. There are three periods of meristem activity from apex initiation to flower formation. Detailed analysis of inflorescence development has been carried out by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM). The life span of the Allium monocarpic shoot can be as long as 18 months. Climatic variations between Central Asian and Mediterranean areas lead to differences in the time of leaf sprout and flowering of species from the same taxonomic group. The principal mechanism of floral initiation is similar for species from both areas. Knowledge of the structure and development of the shoot will be useful for improvement of an optimal program of ornamental Allium cultivation.

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