scholarly journals Polypropylene/Basalt Fabric Laminates: Flexural Properties and Impact Damage Behavior

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Russo ◽  
Ilaria Papa ◽  
Vito Pagliarulo ◽  
Valentina Lopresto
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Fabric Composite ◽  
Pure Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Thermoplastic Resins

Recently, the growing interests into the environmental matter are driving the research interest to the development of new eco-sustainable composite materials toward the replacement of synthetic reinforcing fibers with natural ones and exploiting the intrinsic recyclability of thermoplastic resins even for uses in which thermosetting matrices are well consolidated (e.g., naval and aeronautical fields). In this work, polypropylene/basalt fabric composite samples were prepared by film stacking and compression molding procedures. They have been studied in terms of flexural and low-velocity impact behavior. The influence related to the matrix modification with a pre-optimized amount of maleic anhydride grafted PP as coupling agent was studied. The mechanical performances of the composite systems were compared with those of laminates consisting of the pure matrix and obtained by hot-pressing of PP pellets and PP films used in the stacking procedure. Results, on one side, demonstrated a slight reduction of both static and dynamic parameters at the break for specimens from superimposed films to ones prepared from PP pellets. Moreover, an outstanding improvement of mechanical performances was shown in the presence of basalt layers, especially for compatibilized samples.

Compression after impact behavior of titanium honeycomb sandwich structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Zonghong Xie ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Xishan Yue ◽  
Junfeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Failure Strength ◽  
Compressive Failure ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Honeycomb Sandwich

Titanium honeycomb sandwich structures are gradually used in several newly developed aircrafts in China. During the manufacturing process and aircraft service life, low-velocity impacts from foreign objects (typically stones, tools and hails, etc.), would quite likely happen and could not be completely avoided. In order to evaluate the influence of low-velocity impact damage on titanium honeycomb sandwich structures, unidirectional in-plane compression tests on both intact and impact damaged sandwich panels were conducted to obtain their failure modes and compressive failure strength. Test results showed that the low-velocity impact damage could cause the change in failure modes and a 9% to 15% decrease in the compressive failure strength. Different impact energy levels showed a limited influence on the compressive failure strength. Numerical analysis was conducted to study the compression after impact behavior of titanium sandwich panels. Parametric finite element models that contained all the geometric and the structural details of honeycomb core cells, as well as the indentation and the crushed core region, were developed in the analysis. The numerical results successfully exhibited the failure process of the intact and impact damaged titanium sandwich panels subjected to unidirectional in-plane compression, similar to what observed in the tests. The predicted compressive failure strength also agreed very well with the test data.

scholarly journals Improvement of Impact Damage Resistance of Epoxy-Matrix Composites Using Ductile Hollow Fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501300800
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nasr-Isfahani ◽  
Masoud Latifi ◽  
Mohammad Amani-Tehran
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Transverse Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
The Impact

Fiber reinforced polymer structures typically respond very poorly to transverse impact events. In this study, some experimental investigations are performed on the low velocity impact behavior of unidirectional hollow, solid and hybrid (hollow/solid) polyester fiber composites. The materials are fabricated in a curved shape using filament winding method. The impact tests are applied on the simply supported specimens by a drop weight impact test apparatus at five levels of energy. To present a proper comparison on the results, the various densities of the materials are considered as normalizing coefficients. It is observed that in the hollow fiber composites cracks appear at an appreciably higher amount (93%) of impact energy than the solid ones.

The Influence of Intercalated Nanoclay Into Nanocomposites Impact Behavior

Aerospace ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Avila ◽  
A. Silva Neto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Energy Condition ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Epoxy System ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

A new nanocomposite is prepared by cold direct mixing. To investigate how this new nanocomposite behaves under low velocity impact loads, a set of plates with 16 layers and 65% fiber volume fraction is manufactured by vacuum assisted wet lay-up. The fibers have a plain-weave configuration, while the epoxy system is ARALDITE M/HY956. The nanoclay is an organically modified montmorillonite ceramic and it is dissolved into the epoxy system in a 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% ratio in weight with respect to the matrix. X-ray diffraction tests indicate that rather than exfoliated, these nanocomposites are mostly in intercalated form, with possible presence of immiscible nano systems at 10% concentration. The impact tests are based on the ASTM D5628-01 standard. For the 20 joules impact energy condition, the energy absorption by delamination increases close to 48%, while for larger energies, i.e. 40 and 60 joules, the average improvement into energy absorption is around 15%. Even for larger energies close to total perforation, i.e. 80 joules, the use of nanoclays leads to an average increase in energy absorption of close to 4%.

Study on the Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of CFRP with Nanoclay-Filled Epoxy Matrix

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 1205-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Kosar ◽  
Khan Shafi Ullah ◽  
Jang Kyo Kim ◽  
Arshad Munir
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Resistance ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy ◽  
Insight Into

The influence of nanoclay on the impact damage resistance of carbon fiber-epoxy (CFRP) composites has been investigated using the low-velocity impact and compression after impact tests. The load-energy vs time relations were analyzed to gain insight into the damage behaviors of the materials. Compression-after-impact (CAI) test was performed to measure the residual compressive strength. The CFRPs containing organoclay brought about a significant improvement in impact damage resistance and damage tolerance. The composites containing organoclay exhibited an enhanced energy absorption capability with less damage areas and higher CAI strengths compared to those made from neat epoxy. A 3wt% phr was shown to be an optimal content with the highest damage resistance.

Research on Low Velocity Impact Damage of Laminated Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Shu Chang Long ◽  
Ze Jin Li ◽  
Gang Kuang ◽  
Yan Bin He ◽  
Xiao Hu Yao
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bonding Properties ◽  
Cracking Zone ◽  
The Impact

Damage caused by low-velocity-impact in laminated composite will significantly reduce the strength of the structure. A new numerical model is proposed for the research on the impact induced damage of laminated composite. Multiple forms of damage within and between layers are considered in this model. The cohesive contact technology is used to simulate the bonding properties between layers. The model can describe the information of delamination more accurately and efficiently. Then, a study is carried out to investigate the relationship of delamination and matrix cracking caused by low-velocity-impact. The result reveals that the area and axis of the delamination zone is affected by the direction of the matrix cracking zone.

scholarly journals Quasi-Static and Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of Intraply Hybrid Flax/Basalt Composites

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Sarasini ◽  
Jacopo Tirillò ◽  
Luca Ferrante ◽  
Claudia Sergi ◽  
Pietro Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Matrix Type ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Matrix

In an attempt to increase the low-velocity impact response of natural fiber composites, a new hybrid intraply woven fabric based on flax and basalt fibers has been used to manufacture laminates with both thermoplastic and thermoset matrices. The matrix type (epoxy or polypropylene (PP) with or without a maleated coupling agent) significantly affected the absorbed energy and the damage mechanisms. The absorbed energy at perforation for PP-based composites was 90% and 50% higher than that of epoxy and compatibilized PP composites, respectively. The hybrid fiber architecture counteracted the influence of low transverse strength of flax fibers on impact response, irrespective of the matrix type. In thermoplastic laminates, the matrix plasticization delayed the onset of major damage during impact and allowed a better balance of quasi-static properties, energy absorption, peak force, and perforation energy compared to epoxy-based composites.

Initiation and Propagation of Impact-Induced Damage in CFRP Laminates

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 437-440
Author(s):  
Seung Min Jang ◽  
Tadaharu Adachi ◽  
Akihiko Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Matrix Crack ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cfrp Laminates ◽  
Initiation And Propagation ◽  
Back Face ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigated the initiation and propagation characteristics of impact-induced damage in carbon-fiber-reinforced-plastic (CFRP) laminates with different stacking sequences and thicknesses under low-velocity impact. Impact force histories were measured with a drop-weight impact tester. A strain gauge was attached on the back face of CFRP laminates to measure exactly when a matrix crack on its back face was initiated. It was found from fractographic observation that impact-induced damage in CFRP laminates was initiated at the matrix crack on the back face of CFRP laminates due to bending deformation during impact. Finite element analysis was conducted using the impact forces derived from the experimental results of the impact test. Its results clarified that the tensile stress normal to the fiber on the back face of the specimen was the criterion to initiate impact damage in CFRP laminates.

scholarly journals Flexural Properties and Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of Polyamide 11/Basalt Fiber Fabric Laminates

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Libera Vitiello ◽  
Pietro Russo ◽  
Ilaria Papa ◽  
Valentina Lopresto ◽  
Davide Mocerino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Damage Analysis ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Polyamide 11 ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fiber Fabric

Environmentally friendly composite plates intended for load-bearing applications were prepared and systematically characterized in terms of mechanical performances and morphological features. Sample plates combining two extrusion grades of bio-polyamide 11, one of which is plasticized, and two basalt fiber fabrics (plain weave and twill architectures) were obtained by film stacking and hot pressing, and their mechanical properties were investigated by quasi-static flexural and low-velocity impact tests. The comparative analysis of the results, also interpreted by the bending damage analysis, through optical microscope observations, and impact damage analysis through visual inspection and indentation measurements demonstrate that, besides interfacial adhesion issues, the mechanical performance of the laminates need to be optimized through a careful selection of the constituents in the light of the final application. In particular, if the goal is a gain in impact strength, the use of the plasticized matrix is beneficial, but it brings about a loss in stiffness and strength that can be partially compensated by properly selecting a more performing fiber fabric architecture. The latter must also be easily permeated by the matrix to enhance the efficiency of stress transfer from the matrix. Overall, our results can be exploited for the development of bio-composites for particularly demanding applications.

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