scholarly journals A Critical Review on Polymeric Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3015
Author(s):  
Cheirmadurai Kalirajan ◽  
Amey Dukle ◽  
Arputharaj Joseph Nathanael ◽  
Tae-Hwan Oh ◽  
Geetha Manivasagam
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Polymeric Biomaterials ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Hard Tissue Engineering ◽  
In Vivo Effects ◽  
New Strategies

Natural and synthetic polymers have been explored for many years in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration. Researchers have developed many new strategies to design successful advanced polymeric biomaterials. In this review, we summarized the recent notable advancements in the preparation of smart polymeric biomaterials with self-healing and shape memory properties. We also discussed novel approaches used to develop different forms of polymeric biomaterials such as films, hydrogels and 3D printable biomaterials. In each part, the applications of the biomaterials in soft and hard tissue engineering with their in vitro and in vivo effects are underlined. The future direction of the polymeric biomaterials that could pave a path towards successful clinical implications is also underlined in this review.

scholarly journals Fabrication of 3D-Printed Interpenetrating Hydrogel Scaffolds for Promoting Chondrogenic Differentiation

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2146
Author(s):  
Jian Guan ◽  
Fu-zhen Yuan ◽  
Zi-mu Mao ◽  
Hai-lin Zhu ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
3D Microenvironment ◽  
3D Printed

The limited self-healing ability of cartilage necessitates the application of alternative tissue engineering strategies for repairing the damaged tissue and restoring its normal function. Compared to conventional tissue engineering strategies, three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a greater potential for developing tissue-engineered scaffolds. Herein, we prepared a novel photocrosslinked printable cartilage ink comprising of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (CSMA). The PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed favorable compressive elastic modulus and degradation rate. In vitro experiments showed good adhesion, proliferation, and F-actin and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. When the CSMA concentration was increased, the compressive elastic modulus, GAG production, and expression of F-actin and cartilage-specific genes (COL2, ACAN, SOX9, PRG4) were significantly improved while the osteogenic marker genes of COL1 and ALP were decreased. The findings of the study indicate that the 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed not only adequate mechanical strength but also maintained a suitable 3D microenvironment for differentiation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production of BMSCs, which suggested this customizable 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffold may have great potential for cartilage repair and regeneration in vivo.

Multifunctionalized carbon nanotubes as advanced multimodal nanomaterials for biomedical applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lamanna ◽  
Alessia Battigelli ◽  
Cécilia Ménard-Moyon ◽  
Alberto Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Combine Diagnosis

AbstractThe increasing importance of nanotechnology in the field of biomedical applications has encouraged the development of new nanomaterials endowed with multiple functions. Novel nanoscale drug delivery systems with diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic properties hold many promises for the treatment of different types of diseases, including cancer, infection and neurodegenerative syndromes. Functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most recent type of nanomaterial developed in biomedicine as they can be designed and imparted with multimodal capabilities. Indeed, the possibility of inserting different functionalities on CNTs is opening the possibility to exploit them on new strategies that combine diagnosis with improved therapeutic efficacies. In this review, we describe the different approaches that have been recently developed to generate multifunctionalized CNTs for biomedical applications. In particular, covalent and non-covalent double and triple functionalization methods are discussed, putting in evidence their use in vitro and in vivo and highlighting the advantages and the drawbacks of these new systems. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that multifunctional CNTs are highly promising when combining diagnostic, imaging and therapeutic modalities.

scholarly journals Sialyltransferase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer Metastasis: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5673
Author(s):  
Ser John Lynon P. Perez ◽  
Chih-Wei Fu ◽  
Wen-Shan Li
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cell Metastasis ◽  
Tumor Cell Metastasis ◽  
In Vivo Effects ◽  
Subtype Selective

Potent, cell-permeable, and subtype-selective sialyltransferase inhibitors represent an attractive family of substances that can potentially be used for the clinical treatment of cancer metastasis. These substances operate by specifically inhibiting sialyltransferase-mediated hypersialylation of cell surface glycoproteins or glycolipids, which then blocks the sialic acid recognition pathway and leads to deterioration of cell motility and invasion. A vast amount of evidence for the in vitro and in vivo effects of sialyltransferase inhibition or knockdown on tumor progression and tumor cell metastasis or colonization has been accumulated over the past decades. In this regard, this review comprehensively discusses the results of studies that have led to the recent discovery and development of sialyltransferase inhibitors, their potential biomedical applications in the treatment of cancer metastasis, and their current limitations and future opportunities.

Bioactive glass containing 90% SiO 2 in hard tissue engineering: An in vitro and in vivo characterization study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1651-1663
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Cardoso Lehman ◽  
Mariana Saturnino Noronha ◽  
Ivana Márcia Alves Diniz ◽  
Rosangela Maria Ferreira Costa e Silva ◽  
Ângela Leão Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
In Vivo Characterization ◽  
Hard Tissue Engineering

scholarly journals Biodegradable Polyphosphazene Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Delivery of Therapeutics

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Baillargeon ◽  
Kibret Mequanint
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Reaction Scheme ◽  
Amino Acid Ester ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range

Degradable biomaterials continue to play a major role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as well as for delivering therapeutic agents. Although the chemistry of polyphosphazenes has been studied extensively, a systematic review of their applications for a wide range of biomedical applications is lacking. Polyphosphazenes are synthesized through a relatively well-known two-step reaction scheme which involves the substitution of the initial linear precursor with a wide range of nucleophiles. The ease of substitution has led to the development of a broad class of materials that have been studied for numerous biomedical applications including as scaffold materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The objective of this review is to discuss the suitability of poly(amino acid ester)phosphazene biomaterials in regard to their unique stimuli responsive properties, tunable degradation rates and mechanical properties, as well asin vitroandin vivobiocompatibility. The application of these materials in areas such as tissue engineering and drug delivery is discussed systematically. Lastly, the utility of polyphosphazenes is further extended as they are being employed in blend materials for new applications and as another method of tailoring material properties.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Films Based on Nanocomposites of Chitosan/Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Graphene Oxide for Biomedical Applications

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Ruiz ◽  
Julián Andrés Tamayo ◽  
Johannes Delgado Ospina ◽  
Diana Paola Navia Porras ◽  
Mayra Eliana Valencia Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar

Today, tissue regeneration is one of the greatest challenges in the field of medicine, since it represents hope after accidents or illnesses. Tissue engineering is the science based on improving or restoring tissues and organs. In this work, five formulations of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CS/PVA/GO) nanocomposites were studied for the development of biodegradable films with potential biomedical applications. The characterization of the films consisted of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli, by contact of the film above inoculum bacterial in Müeller–Hinton agar. On the other hand, in vivo tests in which the material implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats demonstrated that the formulation CS/PVA/GO (14.25:85:0.75) was the best antibacterial film with adequate degradation in vivo. All together, these results indicate the potential of the films using nanocomposites of CS/PVA/GO in tissue engineering and cell regeneration.

scholarly journals Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate): Promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Dariš ◽  
Željko Knez
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Good Biocompatibility

AbstractPoly(3-hydroxybutyrate) is a natural polymer, produced by different bacteria, with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Cardiovascular patches, scaffolds in tissue engineering and drug carriers are some of the possible biomedical applications of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). In the past decade, many researchers examined the different physico-chemical modifications of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in order to improve its properties for use in the field of bone tissue engineering. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) composites with hydroxyapatite and bioglass are intensively tested with animal and human osteoblasts in vitro to provide information about their biocompatibility, biodegradability and osteoinductivity. Good bone regeneration was proven when poly(3-hydroxy-butyrate) patches were implanted in vivo in bone tissue of cats, minipigs and rats. This review summarizes the recent reports of in vitro and in vivo studies of pure poly(3-hydroxy-butyrate) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) composites with the emphasis on their bioactivity and biocompatibility with bone cells.

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