scholarly journals A Freestanding Chitin-Derived Hierarchical Nanocomposite for Developing Electrodes in Future Supercapacitor Industry

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Zheng Dong ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Kaihua Wen ◽  
Xiaoyi Zhao ◽  
Xihong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Mantis Shrimp ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Canal Systems ◽  
Supercapacitor Applications

Crustacean cuticles are receiving extensive attention for its potential in developing environmentally friendly and high energy density electrodes for supercapacitor applications. In the current work, the demineralized tergite cuticle of mantis shrimp was employed as a precursor for the fabrication porous biochar. The structural benefits of the cuticle, including the hierarchical nanofiber networks, and the interpenetrating pore systems were maximumly retained, providing a high carbon content and specific surface area scaffold. Graphene oxide sheets were deposited across the biochar through the pore canal systems to further increase the conductivity of the biochar, forming a novel freestanding carbon composite. Throughout the modification process, the material products were examined by a range of methods, which showed desired structural, chemical and functional properties. Our work demonstrates that high performance carbon materials can be manufactured using a simple and green process to realize the great potential in energy storage applications.

scholarly journals Development of Novel and Ultra-High-Performance Supercapacitor Based on a Four Layered Unique Structure

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu ◽  
S. Rao ◽  
Dinah Punnoose ◽  
P. Sathishkumar ◽  
Chandu Gopi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ni Foam ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Capacitive Properties ◽  
Wrinkled Surface ◽  
Shell Geometry ◽  
Supercapacitor Applications

This paper presents an electrode with a core/shell geometry and a unique four-layered porous wrinkled surface for pseudocapacitive supercapacitor applications. To design the electrode, Ni foam was used as a substrate, where the harmonious features of four constituents, ZnO (Z), NiS (N), PEDOT:PSS (P), and MnO2 (M) improved the supercapacitor electrochemical performance by mitigating the drawbacks of each other component. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge measurements confirmed that the ZNPM hybrid electrode exhibited excellent capacitive properties in 2 M KOH compared to the ZNP, ZN, and solely Z electrodes. The ZNPM electrode showed superior electrochemical capacitive performance and improved electrical conductivity with a high specific capacitance of 2072.52 F g−1 at 5 mA, and a high energy density of 31 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 107 W kg−1. Overall, ZNPM is a promising combination electrode material that can be used in supercapacitors and other electrochemical energy conversion/storage devices.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

scholarly journals Defect-induced B4C electrodes for high energy density supercapacitor devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Özge Balcı ◽  
Merve Buldu ◽  
Ameen Uddin Ammar ◽  
Kamil Kiraz ◽  
Mehmet Somer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
Energy Ball ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Energy And Power Density

AbstractBoron carbide powders were synthesized by mechanically activated annealing process using anhydrous boron oxide (B2O3) and varying carbon (C) sources such as graphite and activated carbon: The precursors were mechanically activated for different times in a high energy ball mill and reacted in an induction furnace. According to the Raman analyses of the carbon sources, the I(D)/I(G) ratio increased from ~ 0.25 to ~ 0.99, as the carbon material changed from graphite to active carbon, indicating the highly defected and disordered structure of active carbon. Complementary advanced EPR analysis of defect centers in B4C revealed that the intrinsic defects play a major role in the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor device once they have an electrode component made of bare B4C. Depending on the starting material and synthesis conditions the conductivity, energy, and power density, as well as capacity, can be controlled hence high-performance supercapacitor devices can be produced.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Polymer-Grafted Low-K and High-K Nanoparticles for Dielectric and Electronic Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2942
Author(s):  
Bhausaheb V. Tawade ◽  
Ikeoluwa E. Apata ◽  
Nihar Pradhan ◽  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Dharmaraj Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Grafting From

The synthesis of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) or hairy nanoparticles (HNPs) by tethering of polymer chains to the surface of nanoparticles is an important technique to obtain nanostructured hybrid materials that have been widely used in the formulation of advanced polymer nanocomposites. Ceramic-based polymer nanocomposites integrate key attributes of polymer and ceramic nanomaterial to improve the dielectric properties such as breakdown strength, energy density and dielectric loss. This review describes the ”grafting from” and ”grafting to” approaches commonly adopted to graft polymer chains on NPs pertaining to nano-dielectrics. The article also covers various surface initiated controlled radical polymerization techniques, along with templated approaches for grafting of polymer chains onto SiO2, TiO2, BaTiO3, and Al2O3 nanomaterials. As a look towards applications, an outlook on high-performance polymer nanocomposite capacitors for the design of high energy density pulsed power thin-film capacitors is also presented.

A High-Performance Free-Standing Zn Anode for Flexible Zinc-Ion Batteries

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Gao ◽  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
Zixuan Li ◽  
Jiyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Energy Device ◽  
Zn Anode ◽  
Significant Attention

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted significant attention owing to their high safety, high energy density, and low cost. ZIBs have been studied as a potential energy device for portable and...

scholarly journals Fabrication of Hierarchical NiMoO4/NiMoO4 Nanoflowers on Highly Conductive Flexible Nickel Foam Substrate as a Capacitive Electrode Material for Supercapacitors with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Yedluri ◽  
Tarugu Anitha ◽  
Hee-Je Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Charge Discharge

Hierarchical NiMoO4/NiMoO4 nanoflowers were fabricated on highly conductive flexible nickel foam (NF) substrates using a facile hydrothermal method to achieve rapid charge-discharge ability, high energy density, long cycling lifespan, and higher flexibility for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. The synthesized composite electrode material, NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 with a nanoball-like NF/NiMoO4 structure on a NiMoO4 surface over a NF substrate, formed a three-dimensional interconnected porous network for high-performance electrodes. The novel NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 nanoflowers not only enhanced the large surface area and increased the electrochemical activity, but also provided an enhanced rapid ion diffusion path and reduced the charge transfer resistance of the entire electrode effectively. The NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 composite exhibited significantly improved supercapacitor performance in terms of a sustained cycling life, high specific capacitance, rapid charge-discharge capability, high energy density, and good rate capability. Electrochemical analysis of the NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 nanoflowers fabricated on the NF substrate revealed ultra-high electrochemical performance with a high specific capacitance of 2121 F g−1 at 12 mA g−1 in a 3 M KOH electrolyte and 98.7% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles at 14 mA g−1. This performance was superior to the NF/NiMoO4 nanoball electrode (1672 F g−1 at 12 mA g−1 and capacitance retention 93.4% cycles). Most importantly, the SC (NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4) device displayed a maximum energy density of 47.13 W h kg−1, which was significantly higher than that of NF/NiMoO4 (37.1 W h kg−1). Overall, the NF/NiMoO4/NiMoO4 composite is a suitable material for supercapacitor applications.

scholarly journals Stable Lithium-Carbon Composite Enabled by Dual-Salt Additives

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zheng ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Tuo Kang ◽  
Yingzhu Fan ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Cycling Stability ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Lithium Metal

AbstractLithium metal is regarded as the ultimate negative electrode material for secondary batteries due to its high energy density. However, it suffers from poor cycling stability because of its high reactivity with liquid electrolytes. Therefore, continuous efforts have been put into improving the cycling Coulombic efficiency (CE) to extend the lifespan of the lithium metal negative electrode. Herein, we report that using dual-salt additives of LiPF6 and LiNO3 in an ether solvent-based electrolyte can significantly improve the cycling stability and rate capability of a Li-carbon (Li-CNT) composite. As a result, an average cycling CE as high as 99.30% was obtained for the Li-CNT at a current density of 2.5 mA cm–2 and an negative electrode to positive electrode capacity (N/P) ratio of 2. The cycling stability and rate capability enhancement of the Li-CNT negative electrode could be attributed to the formation of a better solid electrolyte interphase layer that contains both inorganic components and organic polyether. The former component mainly originates from the decomposition of the LiNO3 additive, while the latter comes from the LiPF6-induced ring-opening polymerization of the ether solvent. This novel surface chemistry significantly improves the CE of Li negative electrode, revealing its importance for the practical application of lithium metal batteries.

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