scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Cinnamomum Essential Oil–Chitosan Nanocomposites: Physical, Structural, and Antioxidant Activities

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Su ◽  
Chongxing Huang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Song Kong ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oil In Water

In this study, different amounts of cinnamomum essential oil (CEO) were encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) (CS-NPs) through oil-in-water emulsification and ionic gelation. An ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, synchronous thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction were employed to analyze the CEO encapsulation. As observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, NP size analysis and zeta potential, the prepared CS-NPs, containing CEO (CS-CEO), were spherical with uniformly distributed sizes (diameters: 190–340 nm). The ranges of encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) were 4.6–32.9% and 0.9–10.4%, with variations in the starting weight ratio of CEO to CS from 0.11 to 0.53 (w/w). It was also found that the antioxidant activity of the CS-NPs loaded with CEO increased as the EE increased. The active ingredients of the CEO were prevented from being volatilized, significantly improving the chemical stability. The antioxidant activity of CS-CEO was higher than that of the free CEO. These results indicate the promising potential of CS-CEO as an antioxidant for food processing, and packaging applications.

Characterization of the inclusion complex of the essential oil of Lantana camara L. and β-cyclodextrin by vibrational spectroscopy, GC–MS, and X-ray diffraction

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio dos S. Rocha ◽  
Sidney G. de Lima ◽  
Bartolomeu C. Viana ◽  
José Galberto Martins Costa ◽  
Francisco E. P. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Characterization of Electrospun Poly(Lactic Acid)/polyaniline Blend Nanofibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 317-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir

In this study, composite nanofibers of polyaniline doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PANI-DBSA) and Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared via an electrospinning process. The surface morphology, thermal properties and crystal structure of PLA/PANI-DBSA nanofibers are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images showed that the morphology and diameter of the nanofibers were affected by the weight ratio of blend solution.

scholarly journals Characterization of avian eggshell waste aiming its use in a ceramic wall tile paste

Cerâmica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (324) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Freire ◽  
J. N. F. Holanda
Keyword(s):  
Wall Tile ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Waste Sample ◽  
Eggshell Waste

In Brazil, the food industry generates every year huge amounts of avian eggshell waste, and a critical question is to find an adequate use for this waste. The aim of this work is to determine the chemical, mineralogical and physical characteristics of a nonprocessed avian eggshell waste sample, as well as to investigate its use in wall tile paste. The sample was analyzed regarding to chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, morphology, particle size analysis, density, organic matter, soluble salts, and thermal analysis. The results indicated that the eggshell waste sample rich in CaCO3 can be used as an alternative raw material in the production of wall tile materials.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mahogany Bark Extract-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Syamsul Falah ◽  
Sulistiyani Sulistiyani ◽  
Dimas Andrianto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Water Soluble Drugs ◽  
Radical Method

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery has been recognized to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, prolong the half-life of drug systematic circulation by reducing immunogenicity, and releases drugs at a sustain rate. The present study reports on the characterization of mahogany bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity.  Mahogany bark meal was extracted in boiled water for four hours.  Chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanospheres were sonicated with ultrasonicator to obtain chitosan-STTP nanocapsules for 30 and 60 min and then were dried with spray dryer. The chitosan-STPP nanocapsules loaded by mahogany extract were then analysed for surface morphology and physical state by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using free radical method. Based on SEM data, the nanoparticle shapes were viewed to adhere to spherical shape. Spherical chitosan-STTP nanoparticles loaded with mahogany bark extract were obtained in the size range of 480 ~ 2000 nm and 240 ~ 1000 nm for 30 and 60 min of ultrasonication time, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of the native mahogany bark extract. 

Characterization of Ni75Mo25 Alloy Prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Heat Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 203-204 ◽  
pp. 394-397
Author(s):  
Joanna Panek ◽  
Bożena Bierska-Piech ◽  
Jolanta Niedbała
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

The process of Ni75Mo25powder synthesis via mechanical alloying (MA) was studied. Process was carried out from pure elements: Ni and Mo with a particle size under 150 μm. A ball-to-powder weight ratio and the rotational speed were 5:1 and 500 rpm, respectively. Oxidation was reduced by milling under an argon atmosphere. The milling process was performed during up to 60 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy techniques have been used to investigate resulting products. It was found that the particle sizes decrease with the increase in milling time. The resulting powder consists of metastable Ni(Mo) and Mo(Ni) solid solutions. Milled Ni75Mo25 powder was subjected to heat treatment at temperature of 773K, 973K and 1173K. As a result of annealing the formation of Ni4Mo and NiMo intermetallic phases was observed.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF KAPOK PERICARPIUM MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE PRODUCED OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS USING PURIFIED CELLULASE FROM TERMITE (MACROTERMES GILVUS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
YULIANITA PRATIWI INDAH LESTARI ◽  
HERMAN SURYADI ◽  
MIRAJUNNISA ◽  
WIBOWO MANGUNWARDOYO ◽  
SUTRIYO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Reference Product ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
X Ray

Objective: This study aimed to increase the yield of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from kapok pericarpium alpha-cellulose produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using purified cellulase from Termites (Macrotermes gilvus) and to compare the characteristics with the reference product. Methods: In this research, MCC was prepared from kapok pericarpium powder through the chemical isolation process of alpha-cellulose, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with purified cellulase from Macrotermes gilvus. The yield was improved by using purified cellulase in optimized temperature, pH, and hydrolysis time. Identification was carried out by using ZnCl and infrared spectrophotometry, followed by characterization of MCC include particle size analysis (PSA) and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction). The results were compared with Avicel PH 101 as the reference product. Results: Purified cellulase from Macrotermes gilvus showed high cellulose activity. Cellulose in the concentration of 11.743 U/ml formed 49 mm clear zone area with cellulolytic index 7.16 that similar to the formed clear zone area of Trichoderma reesei (50 mm), the optimum hydrolysis condition was achieved at 50 °C, pH 6.0, in 2 h, which produced 80% yield of MCC. Produced MCC was analyzed with ZnCl and FTIR spectrum resulting in positive results, similar to reference. The results of the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) showed crystalline characteristics of MCC is similar to the reference (Avicel PH 101). Conclusion: Cellulase Macrotermes gilvus yielded 80% MCC and higher enzymatic activity than Trichoderma reesei. Based on the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern observation, MCC from kapok pericarpium has shown similar characteristics to reference (Avicel pH 101) and might be potential to be further developed.

Preparation Process Optimization and Characterization of an Ultra-Hard Al-Mg-B Material

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
Gang Feng ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Guang Hui Min
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Sintered Body ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sinter Method ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Metal Borides

The Al-Mg-B polycrystalline bodies were prepared using vacuum hot-pressing sinter method by pure Al, Mg and B powders. Process parameters and constitution variation were investigated to obtain compact Al-Mg-B sintered body with high mechanical properties. Al-13%Mg-72.7%B(weight ratio) sintered body prepared under 1600°C, 30MPa for 1 hour in vacuum was proved to be optimum, which bending strength was 156MPa and Vickers hardness was 2220. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Micron Probe Micro-analyzer (EPMA) were employed to analyse the ultimate phases. The results showed that the matrix phases were metal borides including AlB12, MgB6 and AlMgB14, while Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 phases existed which connected or filled in the matrix grains to promote the compactness degree, where oxygen introduced from impurities in raw materials. A portion of Mg in AlMgB14 combined with oxygen during heating to 1600°C which helped to form MgAl2O4 and AlB12 in the end.

Preparation and Characterization of Protein-Montmorillonite Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1120-1123
Author(s):  
Qian Zhu ◽  
Dai Mei Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xu Tao Deng ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Intercalation Reaction ◽  
Atomic Force

Protein-montmorillonite composites were prepared by direct and stepwise intercalation of lysozyme(LYZ) into gallery of montmorillonite(MMT), and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis(TGA) and Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM). The direct intercalation experiment showed that with the increase of LYZ/MMT weight ratio from 1:1 to 4:1, the interlayer space of MMT increased from 4.2nm to 6.3nm, and the adsorption amount of lysozyme onto MMT increased from 1.05mg/mg to 1.84mg/mg. While in stepwise intercalation process, the adsorption of LYZ was obviously lower than that in direct intercalation experiment, indicating that the exchange reaction between lysozyme and POP-D2000 was incomplete in the stepwise intercalation reaction.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF CELLULASE OF CHAETOMIUM GLOBOSUM FOR PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE FROM WATER HYACINTH (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES)

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
HERMAN SURYADI ◽  
YULIANITA PRATIWI INDAH LESTARI ◽  
MIRAJUNNISA ◽  
ARRY YANUAR
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
X Ray

Objective: This study aimed to increase the yield of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) made from water hyacinth ɑ-cellulose by enzymatic hydrolysis by using purified enzyme and to find it’s characteristics compared to the reference. Methods: In this research, MCC was prepared from water hyacinth powder through the chemical isolation process of ɑ-cellulose, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with purified cellulase from Chaetomium globosum. The yield of MCC was improved by using purified enzyme and optimization of temperature, pH, and hydrolysis time. Identification was carried out by using ZnCl and infrared spectrophotometry, followed by characterization of MCC include particle size analysis (PSA) and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) compared to reference Avicel PH 101. Results: Purified enzyme from Chaetomium globosum has high activity with a clear zone area of 45 mm with cellulolytic index 6.5 that almost same as Trichoderma reesei (50 mm), with the cellulase enzyme activity of 6.691 U/ml. The optimum condition was at a temperature of 50⁰C and pH 6.0 with the hydrolysis time of 2 h, which produced 95% yield of MCC. Identification with ZnCl and FTIR spectrum showed positive results, similar to the reference. The results of organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) showed crystalline characteristic similar to reference (Avicel PH 101). Conclusion: Enzyme from Chaetomium globosum has a higher activity of cellulase than Trichoderma reesei with MCC obtained was 95%. Based on the comparison of the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern, MCC from water hyacinth has a great potential which showed similar characteristic to reference (Avicel pH 101).

Characterization of Kaolin Residues from the Jarí Valley Reservations Provided by Cadam S/A Company

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Alexsandra Cristina Chaves ◽  
I.V. da Silva ◽  
A.L. da Silva ◽  
G.A. Neves ◽  
Danielle Nascimento Silva Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
A Company

The ceramic industry is one of the most important productive chains of the State of Pará, generating both money and employment. Kaolin has many industrial applications and new uses are constantly surveyed. Although the extraction and processing of kaolin contribute to the economy growth, the activity also provokes serious environmental issues. Being aware of the environmental problem caused by the inadequate decomposition of kaolin residues from the beneficiation process of these minerals, which pollute and attack the environment, this paper aims the chemical, physical and mineralogical characterization of the kaolin residue from the post-treatment disposal provided by CADAM S/A company. The main oxides in the residues were SiO2and Al2O3. In the X-ray diffraction analysis it was verified that the kaolin residue is basically formed by kaolinite and quartz, in the particle size analysis it was observed that the medium size of the particle was of 1,77 μm.

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