scholarly journals Incorporating Environmental Perspective in Integrated Strategic-Tactical Economic Optimization Model of Biomass-to-Biofuel Supply Chain—A Real Case Study in Ethiopia

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1879
Author(s):  
Brook Tesfamichael ◽  
Ludovic Montastruc ◽  
Stéphane Negny ◽  
Abubeker Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Optimization Models ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Biofuel Supply Chain ◽  
Tactical Decisions ◽  
Almost All

Several optimization models, which consider economic and environmental perspectives, have been developed recently to support the sustainable biomass-to-biofuel supply chain (BBSC) design. All of the economic-environmental optimization models rely on solving long-term planning problems with a conventional hierarchical approach, where tactical decisions are made based on the optimal strategic decisions from the strategic-level model, despite it arousing non-optimal solutions. Moreover, almost all of them have used non-monetary-based environmental indicators, which result in difficulties with clarity when comparing with economic objectives. Therefore, in this work, an effort is made to develop a more reliable planning strategy that offers optimal strategic and tactical decisions simultaneously and maximizes the economic and environmental benefits. Furthermore, the environmental performance of the BBSC has been assessed in terms of monetary value by adopting an ecocost approach after performing an LCA on the system. The integrated model is applied in the real biofuel sector of Ethiopia to optimize the country’s bioethanol and biodiesel supply chain over a 20-year horizon. Despite the abrupt rise in the model size, with it being a real countrywide case with many variables and large quantities of data, an alternative semi-heuristic method that offers a feasible solution to the multi-objective problem is provided.

Environmental and Economic Optimization of Algal Biofuel Supply Chain with Multiple Technological Pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (20) ◽  
pp. 6910-6925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keivan Ghasemi Nodooshan ◽  
Reinaldo J. Moraga ◽  
Shi-Jie Gary Chen ◽  
Christine Nguyen ◽  
Ziteng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Algal Biofuel ◽  
Biofuel Supply Chain

scholarly journals Strategic and Tactical Design of Competing Decentralized Supply Chain Networks with Risk-Averse Participants for Markets with Uncertain Demand

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan Hafezalkotob ◽  
Ahmad Makui ◽  
Seyed Jafar Sadjadi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Supply Chain Network ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Supply Chain Networks ◽  
Decentralized Supply Chain ◽  
Substitutable Products ◽  
Tactical Decisions

An integrated equilibrium model for tactical decisions in network design is developed. We consider a decentralized supply chain network operating in markets under uncertain demands when there is a rival decentralized chain. The primary assumption is that two chains provide partial substitutable products to the markets, and markets' demands are affected by tactical decisions such as price, service level, and advertising expenditure. Each chain consists of one risk-averse manufacturer and a set of risk-averse retailers. The strategic decisions are frequently taking precedence over tactical ones. Therefore, we first find equilibrium of tactical decisions for each possible scenario of supply chain network. Afterwards, we find optimal distribution network of the new supply chain by the scenario evaluation method. Numerical example, including sensitivity analysis will illustrate how the conservative behaviors of chains' members affect expected demand, profit, and utility of each distribution scenario.

scholarly journals A sustainable cross-efficiency DEA model for international MSW-to-biofuel supply chain design

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Sahebi ◽  
Mahsa Ghadami ◽  
Mirsaman Pishvaee ◽  
Hani Gilani
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Supply Chain Design ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Dea Model ◽  
Biofuel Supply Chain

Fossil fuels, as the primary source of the energy supply in today's global society, are being depleted much faster than expected and are raising serious environmental and social concerns for contemporary societies. To deal with issues, a global movement towards the generation of sustainable renewable energy is underway. One of the most promising sources of renewable energy alternatives is the use of municipal solid waste, as a biomass source since it does not endanger food security and considerably the biomass made by municipal solid waste will enable the appropriate management of the waste and help cities to be sustainable. The supply chain of converting the municipal solid waste to bioenergy is a challenging issue that have attracted the attention of academic and industrial research. In this direction, a three-echelon mathematical model is developed to design MSW-to-biofuel supply chain network. This supply network is a global network; hence, the international supply chain-related issues and the disruption in the raw material supply have also been studied. Identifying appropriate potential locations to site facilities is a challenge faced in the municipal solid waste-to-biofuel supply chain models. To achieve goal, in this research, the use has been made of a proposed sustainable cross-efficiency DEA model which is an effective ranking method, especially for finding potential points. To deal with sustainability, the social and environmental indicators have also been presented in the form of some criteria in this DEA method. In addition, effort has been made to improve the ecological indicators of the supply chain design in line with the sustainable development as an objective function. Finally, in order to validate the proposed model, a case study with real data is presented.

The design of the vaccine supply network under uncertain condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Jafar Sadjadi ◽  
Zahra Ziaei ◽  
Mir Saman Pishvaee
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Network Design ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Milp Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tactical Decisions

Purpose This study aims to design a proper supply chain network for the vaccine industry in Iran, which considers several features such as uncertainties in demands and cost, perishability of vaccines, wastages in storage, limited capacity and different priorities for demands. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model and using a robust counterpart approach for coping with uncertainties of model. Findings The presented robust model in comparison with the deterministic model has a better performance and is more reliable for network design of vaccine supply chain. Originality/value This study considers uncertainty in the network design of vaccine supply chain for the first time in the vaccine context It presents an MILP model where strategic decisions for each echelon and tactical decisions among different echelons of supply chain are determined. Further, it models the difference between high- and low-priority demands for vaccine.

Competitive Negotiation Tactics and Kraljic Portfolio Category in SCM

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundar Narsimhan ◽  
Devi Prasad Ungarala
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Relational Self ◽  
Business Negotiation ◽  
Value Sharing ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Carrier Selection ◽  
Negotiation Tactics ◽  
Cost Competitiveness ◽  
Almost All

Negotiation outcomes are broadly classified as Distributive/Competitive and Integrative/Collaborative. Substantial academic and research negotiation literature of the past two decades commend adoption of a collaborative style for almost all real-life conflict situations. Business negotiation materials and relational self-construal psychology studies present a picture of contrast. Negotiations being at the heart of buyer-supplier interactions drive value sharing and value co-creation aspects of modern Supply Chains. Pricing, product selection, delivery terms, shipment schedules, carrier selection, volume discounts, product training, and quality standards are all more often than not subject to negotiation between supply chain members. Negotiation interactions ensuing preparation and determination of BATNA, entail use of Competitive or Collaborative Tactics. Buyers are the protagonists in procurement organizations. And procurement often accounts for the lions share of an organizations budget. Small wonder, they drive cost competitiveness together with the firms partners. Indeed this is true of the overall Supply Chain. An Indian pharmaceutical company was chosen for the qualitative research in the form of a case study. The most popular competitive negotiation tactics were chosen for this study and buyers were asked to spell out the negotiation techniques that they deployed, material-wise (with the corresponding suppliers). This data when plotted material-wise and grouped Kraljic category-wise circumstantiates the use of competitive tactics in all Kraljic categories, marked by a refreshing nuanced approach for different categories, with intensity varying for different categories. Interviews with buyers and the key informant to discern the rationale behind use of those negotiation tactics, however, brought out a pattern despite the refreshing tendency not to straight-jacket.

Did Groupthink or Polythink Derail the 2016 Raqqa Offensive?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Barr ◽  
Alex Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Tactical Decisions

This chapter examines the effect of group dynamics on the 2016 decision within the administration of President Barack Obama to lead the international coalition in a mission to liberate Raqqa, Syria, from the Islamic State. The authors show that whereas the groupthink syndrome characterized the decision-making process of the US-led coalition’s decision to attack Raqqa, it was polythink that characterized the decision-making dynamics both in the US-led coalition and within the inner circle of Obama’s own foreign policy advisors. Through case-study analysis, the authors illustrate that groupthink is more likely in strategic decisions, whereas polythink is more likely in tactical decisions.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Selection of Additives in Porous Asphalt Mixtures Using Mechanical, Hydraulic, Economic, and Environmental Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2146
Author(s):  
Anik Gupta ◽  
Carlos J. Slebi-Acevedo ◽  
Esther Lizasoain-Arteaga ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez-Hernandez ◽  
Daniel Castro-Fresno
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Product Assessment ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen ◽  
Selection Of

Porous asphalt (PA) mixtures are more environmentally friendly but have lower durability than dense-graded mixtures. Additives can be incorporated into PA mixtures to enhance their mechanical strength; however, they may compromise the hydraulic characteristics, increase the total cost of pavement, and negatively affect the environment. In this paper, PA mixtures were produced with 5 different types of additives including 4 fibers and 1 filler. Their performances were compared with the reference mixtures containing virgin bitumen and polymer-modified bitumen. The performance of all mixes was assessed using: mechanical, hydraulic, economic, and environmental indicators. Then, the Delphi method was applied to compute the relative weights for the parameters in multi-criteria decision-making methods. Evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS), technique for order of the preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), and weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) were employed to rank the additives. According to the results obtained, aramid pulp displayed comparable and, for some parameters such as abrasion resistance, even better performance than polymer-modified bitumen, whereas cellulose fiber demonstrated the best performance regarding sustainability, due to economic and environmental benefits.

scholarly journals Modeling and Optimization Sustainable Forest Supply Chain Considering Discount in Transportation System and Supplier Selection under Uncertainty

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Komeyl Baghizadeh ◽  
Dominik Zimon ◽  
Luay Jum’a
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Tactical Decisions ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Forest Supply Chain ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, the forest industry has been growingly expanded due to economic conditions, climate changes, environmental and energy policies, and intense demand changes. Thus, appropriate planning is required to improve this industry. To achieve economic, social and environmental goals, a supply chain network is designed based on a multi-period and multi-product Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) model in which the objective is to maximize the profit, minimize detrimental environmental effects, improve social effects, and minimize the number of lost demands. In addition, to improve forest industry planning, strategic and tactical decisions have been implemented throughout the supply chain for all facilities, suppliers and machinery. These decisions significantly help to improve processes and product flows and to meet customers’ needs. In addition, because of the presence of uncertainty in some parameters, the proposed model was formulated and optimized under uncertainty using the hybrid robust possibilistic programming (HRPP-II) approach. The -constraint technique was used to solve the multi-objective model, and the Lagrangian relaxation (LR) method was utilized to solve the model of more complex dimensions. A case study in Northern Iran was conducted to assess the efficiency of the suggested approach. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the impact of important parameters on objective functions. The results of this study show that increasing the working hours of machines instead of increasing their number, increasing the capacity of some facilities instead of establishing new facilities and expanding the transport fleet has a significant impact on achieving predetermined goals.

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