scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach to Evaluate Different UVC/H2O2 Systems in Wastewater Treatment

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2252
Author(s):  
Isadora Luiza Climaco Cunha ◽  
Jose Geraldo Vidal Vieira ◽  
Luiz Kulay
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Degradation Rates

High azoxystrobin (AZO), difenoconazole (DFZ), and imidacloprid (IMD) pesticide removal rates in sixteen bench-scale experiments concerning tomato washing water treatment were obtained through a UVC/H2O2 advanced oxidative process. Experimental conditions ([H2O2]0) and irradiance (EUVC) were optimized for higher degradation rates (pseudo-first-order reaction). To consider both economic aspects and environmental impacts when defining the treatment technology, as well as technological requirements, this study applied a multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDM) to assess and differentiate similar UVC/H2O2 process configurations. This allowed for the identification of the cheapest experimental arrangement with the lowest associated environmental impacts, coupled to the highest degradation rate (kIMD). After consulting experts to determine the importance of the applied criteria and measuring alternative performances, experiment E7 ([H2O2]0 = 43.5 mg L−1; EUVC = 15.0 W m−2; kIMD = 0.236 s−1) was determined as meeting the three criteria in a balanced manner. Although E7′s technological performance regarding degradation rate did not achieve the best individual result, it presented the lowest impacts and costs among the analyzed series, although alternatives are sensitive to decision-maker priorities. This study considered different factors of a process displaying potential industrial applications still in the design stage to achieve a more efficient and balanced solution.

Goal Programming and Its Variants

2011 ◽  
pp. 410-417
Author(s):  
John Wang ◽  
Dajin Wang ◽  
Aihua Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Goal Programming ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Multiple Objective ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Powerful Method ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
New Type

Within the realm of multicriteria decision making (MCDM) exists a powerful method for solving problems with multiple objectives. Goal programming (GP) was the first multiple-objective technique presented in the literature (Dowlatshahi, 2001). The premise of GP traces its origin back to a linear programming study on executive compensation in 1955 by Charnes, Cooper, and Ferguson even though the specific name did not appear in publications until the 1961 textbook entitled Management Models and Industrial Applications of Linear Programming, also by Charnes and Cooper (Schniederjans, 1995). Initial applications of this new type of modeling technique demonstrated its potential for a variety of applications in numerous different areas. Until the middle of the 1970s, GP applications reported in the literature were few and far between. Since that time, primarily due to influential works by Lee and Ignizio, a noticeable increase of published GP applications and technical improvements has been recognized. The number of case studies, along with the range of fields, to which GP has been and still is being applied is impressive, as shown in surveys by Romero (1991) and Aouni and Kettani (2001). It can be said that GP has been, and still is, the “most widely used multi-criteria decision making technique” (Tamiz, Jones, & Romero, 1998, p. 570).

Advanced oxidation of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) by UV/TiO2 and H2O2-UV/TiO2 processes

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-H. Hung
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Methyl Tert Butyl Ether ◽  
H2o2 Concentration ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Butyl Ether ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Degradation Rates

This study investigated photocatalysis of MTBE via both UV/TiO2 and H2O2-UV/TiO2 processes. Several experimental parameters including pH level, H2O2 concentration, TiO2 dosage and light intensity were investigated. The experimental results demonstrated the degradation of MTBE following a pseudo first-order reaction in both reaction systems. Faster degradation rates were observed in alkaline solution for the UV/TiO2 system, but for the H2O2-UV/TiO2 system, faster degradation rates were detected in acidic solution. More dosage of TiO2 and irradiated light intensity were beneficial for the photocatalysis of MTBE. However, a peak reaction rate was observed at a TiO2 concentration of about 500 mg/L. The experimental results also indicated that the degradation rate of MTBE was enhanced by the addition of H2O2. H2O2 could be a more efficient electron acceptor than oxygen for retarding recombination of electron–hole pairs. The degradation rate in the H2O2-UV/TiO2 system was about 2.8 times faster than that in the UV/TiO2 system for solution pH below 5, and the rate increased 30% for solution pH above 6. In addition, it is observed that the reaction rate of MTBE increased quickly with H2O2 concentration at low H2O2 dosages, but the rate was independent of H2O2 dosage when adding too much H2O2.

scholarly journals Selecting Doffing Tube Components for Rotor-Spun Yarn for Weft Knitted Fabrics Using Multi-criteria Decision-making Approach with Interval Data

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolrasool Moghassem ◽  
Alireza Fallahpour
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Interval Data ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Weft Knitted Fabric ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Relative Closeness ◽  
Rotor Spun Yarn

Selecting appropriate spinning conditions according to the properties of the final yarn is an intricate aspect and is inherently a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. In recent years, various MCDM approaches have been used for solving such kind of the problems with exact value of the attributes. But, values of the properties for a yarn are affected by some factors such as specimen length, number of tests and experimental conditions. Therefore, decision-makers use average values instead of exact values for calculation. Considering existing difficulties in determining precisely the exact values of the attributes, their values can be considered as intervals. Therefore, in the present study, appropriate components of the doffing tube and its adjustment for rotor spun yarn intended to be used for weft knitted fabric were selected by extended version of the TOPSIS. Three important variables were considered and their performances were evaluated based on the seven quality parameters of the sixteen produced yarns. The final ranking was elicited in accordance with the relative closeness coefficient to the ideal solution and the best alternative which is able to increase weft knitting machine efficiency was presented. Consequently, stability of the proposed final ranking was verified after sensitivity analysis.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Transformations of 1H-Benzotriazole and Benzotriazole Derivates

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Minella ◽  
Elisa De Laurentiis ◽  
Francesco Pellegrino ◽  
Marco Prozzi ◽  
Federica Dal Bello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Emerging Pollutants ◽  
Photocatalytic Process ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
New Class ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
The Relationship

Benzotriazoles are a new class of organic emerging pollutants ubiquitously found in the environment. The increase of their concentration to detectable values is the consequence of the inability of the Conventional Waste Water Plants (CWWPs) to abate these products. We subjected 1H-benzotriazole (BTz), tolyltriazole (TTz), and Tinuvin P (TP, a common UV plastic stabilizer) to photocatalytic degradation under UV-irradiated TiO2 in different conditions. The principal photoformed intermediates, the relationship between the degradation rate and the pH, the degree of mineralization, and the fate of the organic nitrogen were investigated. Under the adopted experimental conditions, all the studied substrates were rapidly photocatalytically transformed (the maximum degradation rates for BTz and TTz were (3.88 ± 0.05) × 10−2 and (2.11 ± 0.09) × 10−2 mM min−1, respectively) and mineralized (the mineralization rate for BTz and TTz was 4.0 × 10−3 mM C min−1 for both substrates). Different from the 1,2,4-triazole rings that are not completely mineralized under photocatalytic conditions, 1H-benzotriazole and tolyltriazole were completely mineralized with a mechanism that involved a partial conversion of organic nitrogen to N2. The photocatalytic process activated by UV-irradiated TiO2 is an efficient tool to abate 1H-benzotriazole and its derivatives, avoiding their release in the environment.

A multi-criteria decision-making approach to minimising fire risk in detached house designs

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1146-1160
Author(s):  
Salaheddine Bendak ◽  
Ahlam A. Alhammadi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Detached House ◽  
Development And Validation

Purpose House fire risk would be minimised if fire safety principles were incorporated at the design stage. This issue is rarely addressed in the literature. The purpose of this study is to propose a multi-criteria decision-making framework to evaluate fire risk of detached house designs in the United Arab Emirates and countries of similar cultural background. Design/methodology/approach The framework was developed based on function areas where (detached) house fires start, expert opinion and recommendations derived from the published literature on residential fire safety. This framework was applied to a sample of ten public detached house designs to check the applicability of the framework and to determine how safe these designs are from a fire safety perspective. Findings The proposed framework is proven to be an effective preliminary fire risk evaluation tool of detached house designs, and more research is needed in this area. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework is an encouraging first step in incorporating fire risk minimisation at the design stage of detached houses based on determining the preferred location of function areas but requires further development and validation, especially in other design settings. Practical implications The proposed framework is an initial endeavour in helping designers of detached houses to minimise fire risk and its potential effects on residents. Originality/value This research proposes a way to minimise fire risk at the design stage of detached houses.

Plasma degradation of Cationic Blue dye with contact glow discharge electrolysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1457-1463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xing-long ◽  
Wang Xiao-yan ◽  
Wang Qing-feng ◽  
Yue Jun-jie ◽  
Cai Ya-qi
Keyword(s):  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Contact Glow Discharge Electrolysis ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Glow Discharge Electrolysis

Contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE) of Cationic Blue SD-GTL (CB) was investigated by determining degradation rates and rate constants under different voltages, pH, temperature and initial concentrations. The results indicated that 500 V was the optimum voltage for CGDE of CB under experimental conditions. The effect of pH was not appreciable. Fe2 +  and Fe3 +  had a remarkable catalytic effect on the degradation of CB. The degradation rate was up to 99.7% after 3 minutes CGDE treatment when the concentration of Fe2 +  was 20.0 mg/L. And when the concentration of Fe3 +  was 5.0 mg/L, the degradation rate was only 68.6% after 10 minutes CGDE treatment. The reaction mechanisms were also well illustrated by relative reactions and their rate constants. It had been demonstrated that CB underwent oxidative degradation in CGDE.

The Function-Based Design for Sustainability Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Arlitt ◽  
Douglas L. Van Bossuyt ◽  
Rob B. Stone ◽  
Irem Y. Tumer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Design For Sustainability ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Alternative Function

Over the last two decades, consumers have become increasingly aware and desiring of sustainable products. However, little attention has been paid to developing conceptual design methods that explicitly take into account environmental impact. This paper contributes a method of automated function component generation, and guided down-selection and decision-making based upon environmental impact. The environmental impact of functions has been calculated for 17 of the products found in the Design Repository using ReCiPe scoring in SimaPRO. A hierarchical Bayesian approach is used to estimate the potential environmental impacts of specific functions when realized into components. Previously, product environmental impacts were calculated after a product was developed to the component design stage. The method developed in this paper could be used to provide a criticality ranking based on which functional solutions historically have the greatest risk of causing high environmental impact. The method is demonstrated using a simple clock system as an example. A comparative case study of two phone chargers for use in third-world countries demonstrates the decision-making capabilities of this method, and shows that it is possible to compare the environmental impact of alternative function structures during the conceptual stage of design. With the method presented in this paper, it is now possible to make early functional modeling design decisions specifically taking into account historical environmental impact of functionally similar products.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document