scholarly journals Identification of the Design Parameters for a Spacer Fabric Pressure-Mapping Sensor

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Tianchen Shen ◽  
Samuel Pitou ◽  
Ryo Eguchi ◽  
Matthew Howard
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Pressure Mapping ◽  
Spacer Fabric

This work presents an empirical study into the design of fabric pressure sensors, taking into account the electro-mechanical variability of spacer fabric. The saturation of the fabric sensor at high force levels is a major factor limiting the range of measurable pressures. In order to address this, experiments were carried out to investigate several methods of modifying the sensitivity characteristics through the layering and specifications of the textile sheets.

scholarly journals Complex conductivity reconstruction in multiple frequency electrical impedance tomography for fabric-based pressure sensor

Sensor Review ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.L. Yang ◽  
A. Mohammed ◽  
Y Mohamadou ◽  
T. I. Oh ◽  
M. Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiple Frequency ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pressure Mapping

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to introduce and to evaluate the performance of a multiple frequency complex impedance reconstruction for fabric-based EIT pressure sensor. Pressure mapping is an important and challenging area of modern sensing technology. It has many applications in areas such as artificial skins in Robotics and pressure monitoring on soft tissue in biomechanics. Fabric-based sensors are being developed in conjunction with electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for pressure mapping imaging. This is potentially a very cost-effective pressure mapping imaging solution in particular for imaging large areas. Fabric-based EIT pressure sensors aim to provide a pressure mapping image using current carrying and voltage sensing electrodes attached on the boundary of the fabric patch. Design/methodology/approach – Recently, promising results are being achieved in conductivity imaging for these sensors. However, the fabric structure presents capacitive behaviour that could also be exploited for pressure mapping imaging. Complex impedance reconstructions with multiple frequencies are implemented to observe both conductivity and permittivity changes due to the pressure applied to the fabric sensor. Findings – Experimental studies on detecting changes of complex impedance on fabric-based sensor are performed. First, electrical impedance spectroscopy on a fabric-based sensor is performed. Secondly, the complex impedance tomography is carried out on fabric and compared with traditional EIT tank phantoms. Quantitative image quality measures are used to evaluate the performance of a fabric-based sensor at various frequencies and against the tank phantom. Originality/value – The paper demonstrates for the first time the useful information on pressure mapping imaging from the permittivity component of fabric EIT. Multiple frequency EIT reconstruction reveals spectral behaviour of the fabric-based EIT, which opens up new opportunities in exploration of these sensors.

scholarly journals Efficient in-depth analysis and optimum design parameter estimation of MEMS capacitive pressure sensor utilizing analytical approach for square diaphragm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUMIT KUMAR JINDAL ◽  
ISHAN PATEL ◽  
KRISH SETHI ◽  
SIMRIT KAUL ◽  
SREEKANTH P K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Capacitive Pressure Sensor ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors

Abstract Capacitive pressure sensors have become more popular as compared to piezoresistive pressure sensors as they yield superior sensitivity and lesser non-linearity. Efficient analysis for modelling capacitive pressure sensors is thus increasingly becoming more important due to their innumerable use cases. The higher sensitivity of square diaphragm for the same side length in comparison to circular diaphragm makes it ideal for sensor design. In this work, a complete formulation for analysis of capacitive pressure sensor with the square diaphragm in normal and touch mode operation has been presented as these two modes are established operating modes for these sensors. A comprehensive study of sensor parameters like capacitance, diaphragm deflection, capacitive and mechanical sensitivity has been formulated to aid the choice of sensor characteristics. This work also focuses on the method to determine core design parameters for optimal operation. Computationally complex methods have been used in the past for analysis of square diaphragms. In contrast to the finite element system, the analytical technique proposed in this study is less complex and computationally efficient (FEM). The results were computed and simulated using MATLAB.

Thick Film Accelerometers in LTCC Technology—Design Optimization, Fabrication, and Characterization

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Neubert ◽  
Uwe Partsch ◽  
Daniel Fleischer ◽  
Mathias Gruchow ◽  
Alfred Kamusella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Leaf Springs

Diaphragms and beams for force and pressure sensors, e.g., are state of the art in mechanical elements of MEMS in LTCC technology. These elements sustain small strains and small deformations under load. A number of sensor and actuator applications, however, require movable elements that allow higher deformations while the local strains are still low. Springs, accelerometers, actuators, positioners, and valves are examples of such applications. For an accelerometer we developed an approach fabricate leaf springs, integrated into the LTCC technology. The working principle of the accelerometer is based on a seismic mass disposed on two parallel leaf springs that carry piezoresistors connected such that they form a measuring bridge. In the first design optimization step, we used an FEA model for finding an optimized design meeting our sensitivity requirements, inclusiding resonance frequency. In the second step, we made a tolerance analysis that calculates the probability distributions of functional variables from the probability distributions of the design parameters. This enables the probability of a system failure to be deduced. In a final design step, a design of the ceramic thick film accelerometer was calculated that minimizes the system failure probability. As a result we obtained a design optimized with respect to a set of functional requirements and design tolerances. The results of the computations using the FEA models were compared to results of measurement data acquired from prototypes of the accelerometer.

Static and Total Pressure Sensor Development Methodology based on Elastic Sensing Elements and Optical Rules

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
R.A. Borisov ◽  
I.V. Antonets ◽  
A.V. Krotov
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Signal System ◽  
Digital Information

Information on the parameters of static atmospheric pressure and total pressure of the incoming air flow is the primary information in the air signal system, which is part of the integrated aircraft control system. This information makes it possible to calculate the altitude and speed of the aircraft for automated and automatic control. Static and total pressures are measured by aerometric parameter sensors, whose technical characteristics largely determine the range and values of the measurement accuracy of the air signal system. Relying on the requirements for aircraft flight safety and in accordance with the existing standards for horizontal and vertical separation, rather stringent requirements are imposed on the accuracy of air pressure measurement. Instrumental errors in measuring static and total air flow pressures with a probability of 0.95 should not exceed 0.02 and 0.05 % of the measurement range. The considered original aerometric pressure sensor based on an optical rule, whose high sensitivity requires minimal deformation of the elastic sensitive element, makes it possible to fulfill these requirements. The non-contact digital information retrieval and the operation of the information system under vacuum conditions significantly increased the efficiency of measurement processes. The paper focuses on an algorithm for calculating the main design parameters of elastic sensitive elements in almost the entire range of their standard sizes taking into account the technical capabilities of the secondary converter. The results of the experiments and experimental studies confirmed the sufficiency of theoretical methods for calculating the parameters of elastic elements for pressure sensors

Steel-Concrete Composite Vessel for Stationary High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Wang ◽  
Zhili Feng ◽  
Fei Ren ◽  
Yong Chae Lim ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Gaseous Hydrogen ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Steel Vessel ◽  
Composite Vessel ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

A novel Steel Concrete Composite Vessel (SCCV) was designed and engineered for stationary high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage applications. SCCV comprises four major innovations: (1) flexible modular design for storage stations for scalability to meet different storage pressure and capacity needs, flexibility for cost optimization, and system reliability and safety, (2) composite storage vessel design and construction with an inner steel vessel encased in a pre-stressed and reinforced outer concrete shellshell, (3) layered steel vessel wall and vent holes to address the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) problem by design, and (4) integrated sensor system to monitor the structural integrity and operation status of the storage system. Together, these innovations form an integrated approach to make the SCCV cost competitive and inherently safe for stationary high-pressure hydrogen storage services. A demonstration SCCV has been designed and fabricated to demonstrate its technical feasibility. Capable of storing approximately 89 kg of gaseous hydrogen at 6250 psi (430 bar), the demonstration vessel was designed to include all major features of SCCV design and fabricated with today’s manufacturing technologies and code/standard requirements. Two crucial tests have been performed on this demonstration vessel. A hydro-test was successfully carried out to 8950 psi per ASME VIII-2 requirements. The cyclic hydrogen pressure test between 2000 psi and 6000 psi is currently being performed to validate its use for high-pressure hydrogen storage. Multiple sensors, such as pressure sensors and strain gages, were incorporated in the demonstration SCCV to collect information to validate the design and operation of SCCV. Key design parameters and test data on its performance are summarized in this paper.

Coupled-Field Finite Element Analysis of MEMS Compound Electrostatic Actuator by Using the ANSYS Software

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 929-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Jun Chen ◽  
Qing Hua Chen ◽  
Yan Mei Li ◽  
Wen Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Electrostatic Actuator ◽  
Electrostatic Actuators ◽  
Optical Device ◽  
Silicon Bulk ◽  
Electromechanical Performance

MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems) electrostatic actuators have been successfully applied in a number of areas, including accelerometers, gyroscopes, pressure sensors, and optical devices. In this paper, the actuator optimization of a silicon bulk-micro machined MEMS compound electrostatic actuator of an optical device is discussed. The actuator uses folded-beam structure to enhance the electromechanical performance. The movable block is connected to the compound electrostatic actuator through unequal-height folded-beam springs. The lower-height springs connect the block with parallel plates, and can convert the descending motion of the plates into out-of-plane tilting motion of the block efficiently Additionally, the block is capable of in-plane motion by applying the driving force of the comb-drive actuator through structural connection. ANSYS FEM simulation is used to extract the device electromechanical performance and resonant frequency of the device. By gradually varying the design parameters in ANSYS simulation, the relationship between the actuator electromechanical performance and various design parameters is derived. The curves of actuator electromechanical performance versus beam length and beam height are derived and they are in good agreement with theoretical prediction. From the analysis it is concluded that the actuator behavior strongly depends upon various actuator parameters. By adjusting design parameters, desired electromechanical performance can be obtained. Based on the simulation results, a set of optimized design parameters for the compound electrostatic actuator is decided. The above-proposed MEMS compound electrostatic actuator may be used for many applications, such as optical device and micro-operating.

Design of biomimetic human-skin-like tactile flexible sensor

Sensor Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
Xiaozhou Lu ◽  
Xi Xie ◽  
Qiaobo Gao ◽  
Hanlun Hu ◽  
Jiayi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Lower Electrode ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The hands of intelligent robots perceive external stimuli and respond effectively according to tactile or pressure sensors. However, the traditional tactile and pressure sensors cannot perform human-skin-like intelligent properties of high sensitivity, large measurement range, multi-function and flexibility simultaneously. The purpose of this paper is to present a flexible tactile-pressure sensor based on hyper-elastics polydimethylsiloxane and plate capacitance. Design/methodology/approach With regard to this problem, this paper presents a flexible tactile-pressure sensor based on hyper-elastics PDMS and plate capacitance. The sensor has a size of 10 mm × 10 mm × 1.3 mm and is composed of four upper electrodes, one middle driving electrode and one lower electrode. The authors first analyzed the structure and the tactile-pressure sensing principle of human skin to obtain the design parameters of the sensor. Then they presented the working principle, material selection and mechanical structure design and fabrication process of the sensor. The authors also fabricated several sample devices of the sensor and carried out experiments to establish the relationship between the sensor output and the pressure. Findings The results show that the tactile part of the sensor can measure a range of 0.05-1N/mm2 micro pressure with a sensitivity of 2.93 per cent/N and a linearity of 0.03 per cent. The pressure part of the sensor can measure a range of 1-30N/mm2 pressure with a sensitivity of 0.08 per cent/N and a linearity of 0.07 per cent. Originality/value This paper analyzes the tactile and pressure sensing principles of human skin and develop an intelligent sensitive human-skin-like tactile-pressure sensor for intelligent robot perception systems. The sensor can achieve to imitate the tactile and pressure function simultaneously with a measurement resolution of 0.01 N and a spatial resolution of 2 mm.

Design Parameters for a Stereoptic Television System Based on Direct Vision Depth Perception Cues

1975 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas L. Shields ◽  
Mark Kirkpatrick ◽  
Thomas B. Malone ◽  
Carl T. Huggins
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Depth Perception ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Television System ◽  
Retinal Disparity ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Resolution Limits

Remotely controlled systems which use television for visual feedback require that depth cues be available to the operator. A number of techniques have been developed to provide stereoptic video, An analysis of parameters of such systems as related to the depth cues of convergence and retinal disparity was carried out. Parameter requirements were determined for the provision of natural and exaggerated stereoptic cues and expressions were developed for range resolution limits based on the retinal disparity threshold. An empirical study was conducted using a stereoptic video system to determine threshold values.

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