scholarly journals Tungsten Oxide Based Sensor for Oxygen Detection

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangi Sari ◽  
Simon Leigh ◽  
James Covington
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Oxygen Sensor ◽  
High Response ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Oxygen Detection

In this paper we report on the development tungsten oxide based chemiresistive sensors for the monitoring of oxygen at low temperatures (T ≤ 400 °C) in dry and humid air. The sensors were deposited onto alumina substrate by a combination of spin coating and a photolithographic process to define the sensing area. Our results show that the sensors comply with a linear relationship over a 0 to 20% concentration range, with a high response towards oxygen. The highest response was observed at 350 °C (ΔR/Ra = 7.8) in humid and in dry air (ΔR/Ra = 18). This result is a significant improvement over our previous experiments and we believe to take the concept of a metal-oxide based oxygen sensor a step closer.

scholarly journals Conversion of Methanol on Rutile TiO2 (110) and Tungsten Oxide Clusters: 2. The Role of Defects and Electron Transfer in Bifunctional Oxidic Photocatalysts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Mohrhusen ◽  
Jessica Kräuter ◽  
Katharina Al-Shamery
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Rutile Tio2 ◽  
Metal Oxide Surfaces

The photochemical conversion of organic compounds on tailored transition metal oxide surfaces by (UV) irradiation has found wide applications ranging from the production of chemicals to the degradation of organic...

Nasal Mucosal Temperature after Exposure to Cold, Dry Air and Hot, Humid Air

2003 ◽  
Vol 123 (7) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Liener ◽  
Richard Leiacker ◽  
Jörg Lidemann ◽  
Gerhard Rettinger ◽  
Tilman Keck
Keyword(s):  
Humid Air ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Exposure To Cold

Oxidation Characteristics of Vapor-Plated Tungsten

CORROSION ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 291-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
VERNON A. NIEBERLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Oxidation Kinetics ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Oxidation Characteristics

Abstract Vapor-deposition is being used increasingly for fabricating complex shapes from tungsten. In contrast to conventional tungsten whose oxidation kinetics have been well explored, vapor-deposited material has never been investigated systematically with regard to oxidation. Oxidation rates were run at 600–1000 C (1112–1832 F) in air using a recording balance. Activation energies were calculated and oxidation rates were compared to those of sheet tungsten prepared using powder metallurgy techniques. Humid air and dry air were compared as corroding media.

Effect of cold and warm dry air hyperventilation on canine airway blood flow

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Baile ◽  
R. W. Dahlby ◽  
B. R. Wiggs ◽  
G. H. Parsons ◽  
P. D. Pare
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Tissue Temperature ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Airway Mucosa ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Tracheal Tissue ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Central Airway

Tracheobronchial blood flow increases with cold air hyperventilation in the dog. The present study was designed to determine whether the cooling or the drying of the airway mucosa was the principal stimulus for this response. Six anesthetized dogs (group 1) were subjected to four periods of eucapnic hyperventilation for 30 min with warm humid air [100% relative humidity (rh)], cold dry air (-12 degrees C, 0% rh), warm humid air, and warm dry air (43 degrees C, 0% rh). Five minutes before the end of each period of hyperventilation, tracheal and central airway blood flow was determined using four differently labeled 15-micron diam radioactive microspheres. We studied another three dogs (group 2) in which 15- and 50-micron microspheres were injected simultaneously to determine whether there were any arteriovenous communications in the bronchovasculature greater than 15 micron diam. After the last measurements had been made, all dogs were killed, and the lungs, including the trachea, were excised and blood flow to the trachea, left lung bronchi, and parenchyma was calculated. Warm dry air hyperventilation produced a consistently greater increase in tracheobronchial blood flow (P less than 0.01) than cold dry air hyperventilation, despite the fact that there was a smaller fall (6 degrees C) in tracheal tissue temperature during warm dry air hyperventilation than during cold dry air hyperventilation (11 degrees C), suggesting that drying may be a more important stimulus than cold for increasing airway blood flow. In group 2, the 15-micron microspheres accurately reflected the distribution of airway blood flow but did not always give reliable measurements of parenchymal blood flow.

scholarly journals Enabling high performance n-type metal oxide semiconductors at low temperatures for thin film transistors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1822-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Tiwari ◽  
Amoolya Nirmal ◽  
Mohit Rameshchandra Kulkarni ◽  
Rohit Abraham John ◽  
Nripan Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Oxide Semiconductors ◽  
Oxide Semiconductors ◽  
Temperature Activation

The review highlights low temperature activation processes for high performance n-type metal oxide semiconductors for TFTs.

Effect of autonomic blockade on tracheobronchial blood flow

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Baile ◽  
S. Osborne ◽  
P. D. Pare
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Autonomic Blockade ◽  
Alpha Blockade ◽  
Group 2

Tracheobronchial blood flow increases two to five times in response to cold and warm dry air hyperventilation in anesthetized tracheostomized dogs. In this series of experiments we have attempted to attenuate this increase by blockade of the autonomic nervous system. Four groups of anesthetized, tracheostomized, open-chest dogs were studied. Group 1 (n = 5) were hyperventilated for 30 min with 1) warm humid [approximately 26 degrees C, 100% relative humidity, (rh)] air followed by bilateral vagotomy, 2) warm humid air, 3) cold (-22 degrees C, 0% rh) dry air, and 4) warm humid air. Groups 2, 3, and 4 (n = 3/group) were hyperventilated for 30 min with 1) warm humid (approximately 41 degrees C, 100% rh) air, 2) warm dry (approximately 41 degrees C) air, 3) warm humid air, and 4) warm dry air. Group 2 were controls. Group 3 were given phentolamine, 0.6 mg/kg intravenously, as an alpha-blockade, and group 4 were given propranolol, 1 mg/kg, as a beta-blockade after warm dry air hyperventilation (period 2). Five minutes before the end of each 30-min period of hyperventilation, measurements of vascular pressures, cardiac output, arterial blood gases, and inspired, body, and tracheal temperatures were measured, and differently labeled radioactive microspheres were injected into the left atrium to make separate measurements of airway blood flow. After the last measurements had been made animals were killed and their lungs were excised. Blood flow to the airways and lung parenchyma was calculated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals The Oxidation Behaviors of Indefinite Chill Roll and High Speed Steel Materials

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095
Author(s):  
Liang Hao ◽  
Tuanjie Li ◽  
Zhongliang Xie ◽  
Qingjuan Duan ◽  
Guoyuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Isothermal Oxidation ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Rolling Mills ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Oxide Phases ◽  
Work Rolls ◽  
Oxidation Behaviors

Indefinite chill (IC) roll and high speed steel (HSS) materials have been widely employed to manufacture work rolls as latter and former stands in hot rolling mills. The oxidation of work rolls is of importance for the surface quality of the rolled workpieces. The isothermal oxidation of the IC and HSS materials was conducted at 650 °C and 700 °C in both dry air and humid air. The isothermal oxidation curves indicate that HSS shows faster kinetics than the IC materials in dry air, whereas the opposite occurred in humid air. The oxide scales of the IC materials after the oxidation in both dry air and humid air are made up of two oxide phases. Two oxide phases were found when the HSS oxidized in the dry air and three oxide phases were found when oxidized in the humid air.

Degradation of Dithizone by Non Thermal Quenched Plasma of Gliding Arc Type

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie Acayanka ◽  
Samuel Laminsi ◽  
Peter Teke Ndifon ◽  
Sop Tamo Berthelot ◽  
Jean-Louis Brisset
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Gliding Arc Discharge ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Gliding Arc ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Basic Solutions ◽  
Metallurgical Processes

AbstractDithizone is an extracting agent largely used for metallurgical processes and has been found in waste waters. Its degradation is studied by exposing basic solutions to a gliding arc discharge burning in various gases (i.e., humid and dry air, humid air and tert-butanol) to underline the role of the formed °OH radicals and H

Fabrication of V-Groove High Temperature Oxygen Sensor by Gallium Oxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 1023 ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Kao Feng Yarn ◽  
Win Jet Luo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Gallium Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Oxide Structure ◽  
Sensing Properties ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Good Potential

Effects of a metal oxide structure on the oxygen sensing properties are investigated. In the existence of the etched V-groove gallium oxide geometry, its electrical and sensing properties, i.e., high sensitivity and response time areinvestigated. Grain sizes of the material are dependent on different sputtering conditions and investigated by AFM. Under the partial-voltage circuit measurement, it can be confirmed that the increase of temperature will result in the increase of resistance for the Ga2O3 oxygen sensor. From experiment, good stability and repeatability of the oxide sensor are demonstrated when tested under oxygen concentration. These properties show that the oxide structure has a good potential for high sensitivity oxygen sensor.

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