scholarly journals Why the Covenant Worked: On the Institutional Foundations of the American Civil Religion

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
John W. Compton
Keyword(s):  
Civil Religion ◽  
National Council ◽  
American Civil Religion ◽  
Robert Bellah ◽  
State And Local ◽  
National Council Of Churches ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Institutional Foundations

Scholars of American civil religion (ACR) have paid insufficient attention to the micro-level processes through which civil religious ideas have historically influenced beliefs and behavior. We know little about what makes such appeals meaningful to average Americans (assuming they are meaningful); nor do we know much about the mechanisms through which abstract religious themes and imagery come to be associated with specific policy aims, or what Robert Bellah called “national goals.” This article argues that a renewed focus on the relationship between civil religion and organized religion can help fill this gap in the literature. More specifically, I draw attention to three mainline Protestant institutions that for much of the twentieth-century were instrumental both in cultivating respect for the national civic faith and in connecting its abstract ideals to concrete reform programs: namely, the clergy, the state and local church councils, and the policy-oriented departments of the National Council of Churches (NCC). Finally, I argue that a fresh look at the relationship between civil religion and “church religion” sheds new light on the (arguably) diminished role of civil religious appeals in the present. If, as Bellah claimed in his later writings, ACR appeals have lost much of their power to motivate support for shared national goals, it is at least in part because the formal religious networks through which they once were transmitted and interpreted have largely collapsed.

Refusal to Mourn

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Runions
Keyword(s):  
American Politics ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Civil Religion ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
American People ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
The Public ◽  
American Civil Religion ◽  
The Us ◽  
Robert Bellah

In her recent book Precarious Life, Judith Butler points out that not more than ten days after 9/11, on 20 September 2001, George W. Bush urged the American people to put aside their grief; she suggests that such a refusal to mourn leads to a kind of national melancholia. Using psychoanalytic theory on melancholia, this article diagnoses causes and effects of such national melancholia. Further, it considers how a refusal to mourn in prophetic and apocalyptic texts and their interpretations operates within mainstream US American politics like the encrypted loss of the melancholic, thus creating the narcissism, guilt, and aggression that sustain the pervasive disavowal of loss in the contemporary moment. This article explore the ways in which the texts of Ezekiel, Micah, Revelation, and their interpreters exhibit the guilt and aggression of melancholia, in describing Israel as an unfaithful and wicked woman whose pain should not be mourned. These melancholic patterns are inherited by both by contemporary apocalyptic discourses and by the discourse of what Robert Bellah calls ‘American civil religion’, in which the US is the new Christian Israel; thus they help to position the public to accept and perpetuate the violence of war, and not to mourn it.

Influence of Confucian culture on entrepreneurial decision making using data from China's floating population

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ran Xiong ◽  
Ping Wei
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Confucian Culture ◽  
Chinese Nation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Confucian culture has had a deep-rooted influence on Chinese thinking and behavior for more than 2,000 years. With a manually created Confucian culture database and the 2017 China floating population survey, we used empirical analysis to test the relationship between Confucian culture and individual entrepreneurial choice using data obtained from China's floating population. After using the presence and number of Confucian schools and temples, and of chaste women as instrumental variables to counteract problems of endogeneity, we found that Confucian culture had a significant role in promoting individuals' entrepreneurial decision making among China's floating population. The results showed that, compared with those from areas of China not strongly influenced by Confucian culture, individuals from areas that are strongly influenced by Confucian culture were more likely to choose entrepreneurship as their occupation choice. Our findings reveal cultural factors that affect individual entrepreneurial behavior, and also illustrate the positive role of Confucianism as a representative of the typical cultures of the Chinese nation in the 21st century.

Leader positive humor and employee creativity: The mediating role of work engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Guodong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Employee Creativity ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Leader humor plays an important role in organizations because it affects employees' attitude and behavior. The positive effect of humor in organizations has been widely touted; however, research on the effect of leader humor on employee creativity is still rare. This study addressed how leader positive humor affects employee creativity and whether work engagement mediates this relationship. Data were collected from 233 supervisor–subordinate dyads in 23 Chinese hightech companies. Results of structural equation modeling indicate that leader positive humor was positively related to work engagement, and that work engagement was positively related to employee creativity. Additionally, work engagement mediated the relationship between leader positive humor and employee creativity. Thus, organizations should encourage managers to use positive humor to enhance employees' engagement at work, which will, in turn, lead to creative outcomes. This research extends understanding of the leader positive humor–employee creativity relationship.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial passion, orientation and behavior: the moderating role of linear and nonlinear thinking styles

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamberto Zollo ◽  
Riccardo Rialti ◽  
Alberto Tron ◽  
Cristiano Ciappei
Keyword(s):  
Dual Process ◽  
Dual Process Theory ◽  
Process Theory ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to unpack the underlying mechanisms of entrepreneurs' passion, orientation and behavior by investigating the role of rational and nonrational cognitive elements. Building on dual process theory and sociointuitionism, a conceptual model is proposed in order to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and strategic entrepreneurship behavior (SEB). Specifically, entrepreneurs' linear thinking styles (System 2) and nonlinear thinking styles (System 1) are hypothesized as being significant moderators of such a relationship.Design/methodology/approachCovariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) is used to empirically validate the proposed conceptual model and test the moderating hypotheses on a sample of 300 entrepreneurs actively involved in European small and medium enterprises (SMEs).FindingsEntrepreneurial passion is shown to be a significant antecedent of EO, which, in turn, strongly influences SEB. Moreover, entrepreneurs' linear thinking style positively moderates the EO-SEB relationship, but not the link between passion and EO. Instead, a nonlinear thinking style positively moderates the relationship between passion and EO, but not the links between EO and SEB.Practical implicationsEntrepreneurs should trust their nonlinear thinking style – related to affective/emotive and intuitive information processing systems – to foster the effect of their entrepreneurial passion on EO. Furthermore, entrepreneurs should rely on a linear thinking style, namely the rational and deliberative cognitive processes, to enhance the impact of their EO on SEB.Originality/valueDual process theory and sociointuitionism are integrated to simultaneously investigate the effect of nonrational and rational cognitive mechanisms on entrepreneurs' orientation and behavior. Moreover, the proposed model is empirically tested on a sample of entrepreneurs working in SMEs located in Europe, which have received little attention from entrepreneurship scholars in comparison to their US counterparts. The authors’ findings suggest important implications for entrepreneurs, policymakers and entrepreneurial universities educators.

scholarly journals How Does Consumers’ Local or Global Identity Influence Price–Perceived Quality Associations? The Role of Perceived Quality Variance

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Yang ◽  
Sijie Sun ◽  
Ashok K. Lalwani ◽  
Narayan Janakiraman
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Global Identity ◽  
Natural Boundaries ◽  
Price Perceptions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Globalization has substantially influenced the world economy. However, managers have a limited understanding of how local–global identity influences consumers’ price perceptions and behavior. In this research, the authors propose that consumers’ local (vs. global) identity leads to a greater tendency to make price–perceived quality (PPQ) associations. Perceived quality variance among comparison brands is a key mechanism underlying these effects. Two field studies (Studies 1 and 7), seven experiments (Studies 2–6, 9, and 10), and a systematic review of secondary data (Study 8) provide converging and robust evidence for the effect of local–global identity on PPQ. Consistent with the perceived quality variance account, when quality differences among the brands are made salient, PPQ associations of consumers high in global (but not local) identity significantly increase, compared with baseline conditions. However, when perceived quality similarities are made salient, PPQ associations of consumers high in local (but not global) identity significantly decrease. Product type and distribution of customer ratings represent natural boundaries for the relationship between local–global identity and PPQ. The authors conclude with the implications for managers’ targeting endeavors. We also provide specific tools that marketers can use in ads and point-of-purchase materials to encourage or discourage consumers in making PPQ associations.

scholarly journals PERILAKU IBU RUMAH TANGGA DALAM PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK DI KAWASAN PESISIR WAIHERU AMBON 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Rahwan Ahmad ◽  
Prasetyawati Prasetyawati
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Education ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Education and behavior (knowledge, attitudes and actions) about healthy living are important things, especially applied in life, so as not to fall sick so that they can carry out activities properly. Worldwide, there are more than 2500 species of mosquitoes, although most of these mosquito species are not associated with disease. Larva eradication practice can be done with 3M plus. The role of the community in eradicating mosquito nests is prioritized by housewives because they are generally responsible for taking care of the household including household hygiene problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between education and knowledge with the behavior of housewives in eradicating mosquito nests. The method used was cross-sectional analytic, the sampling technique used simple random sampling and inclusion criteria in order to obtain 50 respondents. Data analysis used Chi-Square with a significant level of 95% with a significance value of 5%. Results: Respondents with higher education and good behavior were 73.1%. Respondents with low education and bad behavior were 70.8%. Respondents with good knowledge and good behavior were 75%, respondents with bad knowledge and bad behavior were 77.3%. Conclusion: There is a relationship between education and the behavior of housewives in eradicating mosquito nests, and there is a relationship between knowledge and behavior of housewives in eradicating mosquito nests. Keyword : Household, Education, Knowledge, Behavior

Relationship Connection: A Redux on the Role of Minding and the Quality of Feeling Special in the Enhancement of Closeness

2009 ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
John H. Harvey ◽  
Brian G. Pauwels
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Ending Process ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Achieving constructive relationship connections is an important step as an objective of positive psychology. In the context of a culture of dissolution in close relationships, minding serves as an antidote to the demise of feelings of closeness overtime. In this paper, we argue that minding the close relationship is a powerful pathway to developing and enhancing closeness. Minding is a combination of thought and behavior patterns that interact to create stability and feelings of closeness. Minding is formally defined as a reciprocal knowing process that occurs nonstop throughout the history of the relationship and that involves a complex package of interrelated thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The components of minding are knowing and being known, achieved through reciprocal self-disclosure; attribution that is realistic about causality, but that also gives one's partner the benefit of doubt in questionable circumstances; acceptance of what one discovers in the knowing process and respect for one's partner revealed in this process; and reciprocity and continuity. The final component emphasizes the fact that minding must be done by both partners and that it is a never-ending process. The paper also describes other contemporary conceptions to which minding is closely related and addresses future direction for research on the minding process.

scholarly journals Postures of Piety and Protest: American Civil Religion and the Politics of Kneeling in the NFL

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Jeremy Sabella
Keyword(s):  
Civil Religion ◽  
American Football ◽  
Spectator Sports ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
American Civil Religion ◽  
American Values ◽  
Robert Bellah ◽  
Football Field

Over the past ten years, athletes Tim Tebow and Colin Kaepernick have become famous for kneeling on the NFL football field. However, public reactions to these gestures varied significantly: Tebow’s kneeling spawned a lightly mocking but overall flattering meme, while Kaepernick’s stoked public controversy and derailed his NFL career. In order to interrogate these divergent responses, this article places the work of sociologist Robert Bellah and philosopher Michel Foucault in dialogue. It argues that spectator sports are a crucial space for the negotiation and contestation of American identity, or, in Bellah’s terms, civil religion. It then draws on philosopher Michel Foucault’s concept of the docile body to explore the rationales behind and cultural reactions to the kneeling posture. I argue that Tebow and Kaepernick advance divergent civil religious visions within the “politics of the sacred” being negotiated in American life. In this process of negotiation, American football emerges as both a space for the public cultivation of docile bodies and a crucial forum for reassessing American values and practices.

The antecedents and outcomes of transformational leadership: leader's self-transcendent value, follower's environmental commitment and behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujie Zhang ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Haochen Ji ◽  
Junyun Jia
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Commitment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe primary purpose of this paper is to identify the antecedent (i.e. leader's self-transcendent value) and outcomes (i.e. follower's environmental commitment and behavior) of transformational leadership. The second purpose is to examine the mediating role of transformational leadership plays in the relationship between leader's self-transcendent value and follower's environmental commitment and behavior.Design/methodology/approachMulti-source data were collected at multiple times in China. A total of 262 employees and their 64 supervisors completed the survey. The authors conducted a series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) to verify the validity of the constructs and adopted the SPSS PROCESS macro with bootstrapping techniques to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe authors find that leader's self-transcendent value is an important antecedent of transformational leadership, and transformational leadership can enhance followers' environmental commitment and foster their environmental behavior. Besides, transformational leadership plays a significant mediating role between leader's self-transcendent value and follower's environmental commitment and behavior.Originality/valueThis study has developed an integrated model of the antecedents and outcomes of transformational leadership in the Chinese context. It also confirmed that transformational leadership mediates the process through which leader's self-transcendent value has a positive impact on follower's environmental commitment and behavior.

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