scholarly journals Landmarks as Cultural Heritage Assets Affecting the Distribution of Settlements in Rural Areas—An Analysis Based on LIDAR DTM, Digital Photographs, and Historical Maps

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Prus ◽  
Magdalena Wilkosz-Mamcarczyk ◽  
Tomasz Salata
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Modern Development

The final decision of the owner of the plot who plans to build a house depends on many factors most of which are of legal and financial nature. The authors demonstrate that the decisions regarding specific location within the plot of land are influenced by intangible components as well, namely the intention to have the best view. The view is often related to the occurrence of landmarks with prominent visual impact in the landscape that determine visual connections. The rural landscape is determined by the spatial arrangement including the buildings, the shape of public spaces, ownership divisions, and the land distribution. Being an element of rural cultural heritage, the arrangement of buildings is influenced by a vast number of factors such as geographical, historical, physical, and socio-economic ones. This article focuses on determining the interaction between the settlement locations and zones with an excellent, unique view of characteristic, well-known architectural landmarks. Mapping of viewsheds of many features is a critical element of the landscape planning process and facilitates the protection of cultural heritage assets. The analysis involved LiDAR DTM (Digital Terrain Model created in Light Detection and Ranging technology), digital photographs, and historical maps. In terms of the administrative subdivision, the area comprises 20 localities. The landmark visibility analysis for locations of the buildings covered a 140 km2 area of Carpathian Foothills in southern Poland. The article combines experiences in the field of landscape architecture, spatial planning and the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. The examples show that the modern development layout refers to the historical structure and the development of a new settlement tissue has a cultural background and is influenced by spatial landmarks.

scholarly journals The preferences of residents and tourists for culturaland architectural heritage in a rural landscape:The case of Zlatna Greda, Croatia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Stober ◽  
Ivana Brkanić ◽  
Lucija Lončar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Place Attachment ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Spatial Unit ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Rural areas of the Republic of Croatia are experiencing abandonment, which is especially intensive in the eastern part of the country. This paper aims to provide insights into places with specific spatial and functional characteristics, pustara settlements, within the rural landscape of the Baranja region, presenting their cultural and architectural heritage that needs comprehensive protection and conversion. The redevelopment potential, as well as the negative significance of abandonment of these sites, indicates the need for identifying the characteristics of these settlements: the tangible value of its built facilities and open spaces, its movable cultural heritage, as well as its intangible values. The main objectives were to determine desirable tangible and intangible pustara values by investigating place attachment among former pustara residents, and to provide information on domestic tourists’ preferences in visiting these settlements. The results indicate a common preference among former pustara residents and tourists for its architectural heritage: e.g. its settlement as a spatial unit and its parks. Additionally, tourists expressed preferences for recreational and entertainment facilities. Common interests, as well as highly expressed needs among former inhabitants and tourists, present the basis for establishing new functions and redevelopment plans.

scholarly journals The Scarecrow as an Indicator of Changes in the Cultural Heritage of Rural Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Król ◽  
Kao ◽  
Hernik
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interview Technique

Scarecrows were commonly featuredin rural landscapes until recently. There are numerous rituals associated with creating a scarecrow and erecting it in the field, with many legends being linked to this character.The scarecrow itself has counterparts in many countries worldwide. However, with civilisation progressingand characterised withan emphasis on economic efficiency and agricultural engineering in the present day, scarecrows are disappearing from the rural landscape. Advanced electronic devices replace them, while scarecrows end up in museums and open-air museums calledskansens, as well as beingon display at local village festivals. The goal of this paper is to investigate the past and present functions of the scarecrow in rural areas in Poland as an indicator of changes occurring inthe cultural heritage in these areas. The survey and field studies were carried out in selected localities in Małopolskie Voivodeship that exhibited distinct qualities related to rural cultural heritage. The study involved photographic documentation and a diagnostic survey using the structured direct interview technique. The interview focused on local community leaders. Resultingly, scarecrows were demonstrated to be an essential indicator of changes in Poland’s rural cultural heritage.

Reflection on the Integration of Rural Landscape in Land- scape Architecture Planning and Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Hao Yan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Landscape Design ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Land Scape

In recent years, the perspective of landscape planning and design has gradually changed from urban to rural areas, and rural landscape construction has gradually become a new idea of landscape design. In the landscape planning can be integrated into the rural landscape, so as to realize the diversity of landscape planning, but also can retain the culture, customs and characteristics of the countryside. The paper mainly discusses the integration of rural landscape in landscape landscape planning and design.

scholarly journals Rural Landscape Planning and Forest Management in Tuscany (Italy)

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Agnoletti ◽  
Antonio Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Fundamental Value ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Intense Debate

The article analyzes the relationships between landscape planning and forests in Italy with a specific focus on Tuscany. For the Tuscan region landscape represents a fundamental value from the cultural, economic, environmental and social point of view. This is why it was the first region of Italy to develop a landscape plan in 2014, according to the National Code for Cultural Heritage, setting up a Landscape Observatory to monitor the application of the plan in 2016. The plan is the main instrument providing a vision for the development model of the region and guidelines for the planning of rural areas also affecting forest management. The construction of the plan has caused an intense debate, due to the strict limitations imposed to soil consumption, to agricultural and forest activities. Forests cover more than the half of the regional surface, but 30% of them is the result of the abandonment of farmed land occurred in the last decades, while 50% of the forests are currently managed. The article examines how the values connected to the forests have been identified an assessed in the plan, the strict limitations for their protection but also the decision to allow the restoration of farmed land to maintain a balance between farmed and forest land in the landscape. Landscape and forest is the topic of the chapter about Italy in the FAO SOFO 2018.

scholarly journals The importance of historical maps for man-made pond research: From the past extent of ponds to issues of the present landscape. A case study from the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-201
Author(s):  
Jindřich Frajer ◽  
Jana Kremlová ◽  
David Fiedor ◽  
Renata Pavelková ◽  
Miroslav Trnka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Historical Maps ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Historical Gis ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Water ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Abstract Historical maps are a valuable resource in landscape research. The information gathered from them facilitates the cognisance of landscapes and may assist current landscape planning. This study focuses on the historical occurrence and spatial extent of man-made ponds in the Czech Republic. Based on the 1st Military Survey maps (1764–1783) of the Habsburg Monarchy, we use Historical GIS to identify 7,676 man-made ponds in the historical landscape. Compared to the 2nd Military Survey maps (1836–1852), 56% of these man-made ponds had been drained. Such disappearances mostly affected large ponds in fertile agricultural areas, but also affected small reservoirs in less fertile areas at higher altitudes. As the current maps and spatial datasets (Water reservoirs, Landscape water regime, Farming areas) show, a number of these agricultural regions have been affected by climate changes and face water shortages. The historical map information of former ponds has the potential to contribute to their restoration in areas where water retention in the landscape needs to be increased.

scholarly journals Increasing the socio-cultural influence of immovable cultural heritage on local communities – the case of historic residential buildings in Wielkopolska used as hotels

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Zdzisława Elżbieta Niemczewska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Cultural Impact ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
Cultural Functions

The article presents results of a study of how immovable cultural heritage used for commercial purposes of tourism affects local communities. The study is based on data collected in direct interviews with property owners and representatives of local authorities and a questionnaire survey of local residents concerning sixteen historic buildings used as hotels, which are located in rural areas of Wielkopolskie province. It was found that the provision of additional, free cultural functions for local communities by property owners and/or local authorities exerts a greater socio-cultural impact and contributes to local, sustainable development. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that when historic buildings of this kind are used for commercial purposes it is important to ensure that they are part of the cultural experience not only for hotel guests but also for the local community. In this way, entire communities can appreciate their local cultural heritage (socio-cultural impact), which in turn strengthens cultural sustainability.

scholarly journals Are interest groups different in the factors determining landscape preferences?

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bacher ◽  
Janette F. Walde ◽  
Caroline Pecher ◽  
Erich Tasser ◽  
Ulrike Tappeiner
Keyword(s):  
Public Involvement ◽  
Landscape Planning ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
European Mountain ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Sustainable Landscape

In the last decades, rural landscape in Europe has evolved from an agricultural by-product to an important public good. This development creates not only new challenges to farming practices, it also makes participation and public involvement an indispensable tool for sustainable landscape planning. This is especially true for many European mountain regions, where tourism represents an important source of income and conflicts between locals’ and tourists’ interests should be avoided. In our study, we analyze whether discrepancies in the perception of the Alpine landscape can be located between locals and tourists and, if these differences exist, in which aspects these two groups are differing. A model employing three general factors able to describe landscape preferences regardless of the personal background is suggested and validated by confirmatory factor analysis. Our major finding shows that an attractive landscape for tourists does not have to be contradictory to a landscape that supports a high living quality for locals. Compromises in landscape planning between locals’ and tourists’ requirements seem often not to be necessary as they, generally, do not differ in the way they experience and assess the  landscape.

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