scholarly journals Beyond Never-Never Land: Integrating LiDAR and Geophysical Surveys at the Johnston Site, Pinson Mounds State Archaeological Park, Tennessee, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward R. Henry ◽  
Alice P. Wright ◽  
Sarah C. Sherwood ◽  
Stephen B. Carmody ◽  
Casey R. Barrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Middle Woodland ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Surface Geophysics ◽  
Social Landscapes ◽  
Human Landscape ◽  
Made In

Archaeologists often use near-surface geophysics or LiDAR-derived topographic imagery in their research. However, rarely are the two integrated in a way that offers a robust understanding of the complex historical palimpsests embedded within a social landscape. In this paper we present an integrated aerial and terrestrial remote sensing program at the Johnston Site, part of the larger Pinson Mounds landscape in the American MidSouth. Our work at Johnston was focused on better understanding the history of human landscape use and change so that we can begin to compare the Johnston Site with other large Middle Woodland (200 BC–AD 500) ceremonial centers in the region. Our research allowed us to examine the accuracy of an early map of the Johnston Site made in the early 20th century. However, our integrated remote sensing approach allows us to go well beyond testing the usefulness of the map; it helps identify different uses of the site through time and across space. Our research emphasizes the importance of an integrated remote sensing methodology when examining complex social landscapes of the past and present.

High resolution GPR investigations employing single and multichannel systems in the Necropolis of Monte Abatone, Cerveteri (Roma, Italy).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Piro ◽  
Bruna Malandruccolo
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Landscape Archaeology ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Complete Mapping ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Near Surface Geophysics ◽  
Anomalous Bodies ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Ground Penetrating

<p>The Monte Abatone Necorpolis is one of the main important necropolis of Cerveteri, located 60 km north of Rome (Latium, Italy). In this area, several tombs have been discovered and excavated from the 1800, though still many remain hidden underneath the subsurface.</p><p>In the last two years, geophysical surveys have been carried out to investigate the unexplored portions of the ancient Etruscan Necropolis, to provide a complete mapping of the position of the tombs. Ground Penetrating Radar and the Magnetometric methods have been used during 2018 to investigate few parts of the Necropolis. During 2019 (July and September) GPR system SIR 3000 (GSSI), equipped with a 400 MHz antenna with constant offset, SIR4000 (GSSI) equipped with a dual frequency antenna with 300/800 MHz and the 3D Radar Geoscope multichannel stepped frequency system were employed to survey 5 hectares where the presence of tombs was hypothesized from previous archaeological studies.</p><p>All the GPR profiles were processed with GPR-SLICE v7.0 Ground Penetrating Radar Imaging Software (Goodman 2017). The basic radargram signal processing steps included: post processing pulse regaining; DC drift removal; data resampling; band pass filtering; background filter and migration. With the aim of obtaining a planimetric vision of all possible anomalous bodies, the time-slice representation technique was applied using all processed profiles showing anomalous sources up to a depth of about 2.5 m.</p><p>The preliminary obtained results clearly show the presence of a network of strong circular features, linked with the buried structural elements of the searched tombs.</p><p>Together with archaeologists, these anomalies, have been interpreted to have a better understanding of the archaeological definition of these features and to enhance the knowledge of the necropolis layout and mapping; after the geophysical surveys, excavations have been conducted, which brought to light few of the investigated structures.</p><p> </p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>Campana S., Piro S., 2009. Seeing the Unseen. Geophysics and Landscape Archaeology. Campana & Piro Editors. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Oxon UK, ISBN 978-0-415-44721-8.</p><p>Goodman, D., Piro, S., 2013. GPR Remote sensing in Archaeology, Springer: Berlin.</p><p>Piro S., Papale E., Zamuner D., Kuculdemirci M., 2018. Multimethodological approach to investigate urban and suburban archaeological sites. In “Innovation in Near Surface Geophysics. Instrumentation, application and data processing methods.”, Persico R., Piro S., Linford N., Ed.s. pp. 461 – 504, ISBN: 978-0-12-812429-1, pp.1-505, Elsevier.</p>

The Application of Near-Surface Geophysics at Proposed Pipeline River Crossings: A Comparative Overview of Various Techniques and Their Associated Capabilities and Limitations

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Tarrant ◽  
David Baines
Keyword(s):  
Large Diameter ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Directional Drilling ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Borehole Drilling ◽  
Near Surface Geophysics

The cost, design, and in some instances, feasibility of directional drilling large diameter or lengthy pipeline river crossings is primarily dependent on ground conditions encountered during construction. Geotechnical investigations are commonly used to explore and assess subsurface conditions at proposed crossings. Ground conditions are determined using borehole drilling and near surface geophysics. Borehole drilling provides subsurface sediment stratigraphy and depth to bedrock information. Geophysics is used to provide information between borehole locations or where borehole drilling is determined to be too difficult or too costly. When used to augment borehole results, geophysical surveys provide more complete geologic cross-section models throughout the length of a proposed directional drill path. This paper presents an overview of the more common geophysical methodologies used to profile subsurface conditions at proposed pipeline crossings. The methods discussed include ground penetrating radar (GPR), seismic refraction profiling and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The appropriateness and feasibility of each method is discussed in terms relating to investigation objectives of geotechnical and pipeline design engineers. All three methods were applied to two survey lines at a typical river crossing site on the Bow River, downstream from Calgary, Alberta. Results from the overlapping surveys are presented and the capabilities and limitations for each method compared. Borehole information obtained within the survey area is used to corroborate the interpreted geophysical results.

Near-Surface Geophysics Technical Section holds first-ever panel discussions at 2018 Annual Meeting

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-68
Author(s):  
Sarah Morton-Rupert ◽  
Steven Malecek ◽  
Mark Legg
Keyword(s):  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Poster Sessions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Surface Geophysics ◽  
Oral Presentations ◽  
First Time

The 2018 Annual Meeting marked the largest near-surface geophysics technical program in the history of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. In Anaheim, attendees could participate in nine near-surface oral presentations, six poster sessions, one preconference short course, two postconference workshops, and for the first time, three panel discussions. These panels add a new platform to the Annual Meeting to help diversify the technical program and facilitate discussions on geophysical hot topics among professionals from varying but complementary fields.

A history of botanical collections in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
P.S.M. PHIRI ◽  
D.M. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Made In

Central Africa remained botanically unknown to the outside world up to the end of the eighteenth century. This paper provides a historical account of plant explorations in the Luangwa Valley. The first plant specimens were collected in 1897 and the last serious botanical explorations were made in 1993. During this period there have been 58 plant collectors in the Luangwa Valley with peak activity recorded in the 1960s. In 1989 1,348 species of vascular plants were described in the Luangwa Valley. More botanical collecting is needed with a view to finding new plant taxa, and also to provide a satisfactory basis for applied disciplines such as ecology, phytogeography, conservation and environmental impact assessment.

Chasing Angels: The Sweet Wine Angelica

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
hank shaw
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mission Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Sweet Wine ◽  
Made In

Portugal has port, Spain has sherry, Sicily has Marsala –– and California has angelica. Angelica is California's original wine: The intensely sweet, fortified dessert cordial has been made in the state for more than two centuries –– primarily made from Mission grapes, first brought to California by the Spanish friars. Angelica was once drunk in vast quantities, but now fewer than a dozen vintners make angelica today. These holdouts from an earlier age are each following a personal quest for the real. For unlike port and sherry, which have strict rules about their production, angelica never gelled into something so distinct that connoisseurs can say, ““This is angelica. This is not.”” This piece looks at the history of the drink, its foggy origins in the Mission period and on through angelica's heyday and down to its degeneration into a staple of the back-alley wino set. Several current vintners are profiled, and they suggest an uncertain future for this cordial.

Not as It Is Written

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-100
Author(s):  
Benjamin Houston
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
International Exhibition ◽  
Black Experience ◽  
American Perspective ◽  
History Of ◽  
Black Life ◽  
Made In

This article discusses an international exhibition that detailed the recent history of African Americans in Pittsburgh. Methodologically, the exhibition paired oral history excerpts with selected historic photographs to evoke a sense of Black life during the twentieth century. Thematically, showcasing the Black experience in Pittsburgh provided a chance to provoke among a wider public more nuanced understandings of the civil rights movement, an era particularly prone to problematic and superficial misreadings, but also to interject an African American perspective into the scholarship on deindustrializing cities, a literature which treats racism mostly in white-centric terms. This essay focuses on the choices made in reconciling these thematic and methodological dimensions when designing this exhibition.

RISHTAN SCHOOL OF CERAMICS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Akmal Marozikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The World ◽  
Ferghana Valley ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In ◽  
National Style

Ceramics is an area that has a long history of making clay bowls, bowls, plates,pitchers, bowls, bowls, bowls, pots, pans, toys, building materials and much more.Pottery developed in Central Asia in the XII-XIII centuries. Rishtan school, one of the oldest cities in the Ferghana Valley, is one of the largest centers of glazed ceramics inCentral Asia. Rishtan ceramics and miniatures are widely recognized among the peoples of the world and are considered one of the oldest cities in the Ferghana Valley. The article discusses the popularity of Rishtan masters, their products made in the national style,and works of art unique to any region

scholarly journals Ten Percent of SIDS Cases are Murder — or are They?

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Milroy ◽  
Charis Kepron
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Related Question ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Lower Figure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been used as a cause of death for over four decades. It has allowed deaths of infants to be registered as natural. Within this group of deaths, a certain number have been recognized to be homicides from inflicted smothering rather than being natural or accidental deaths. Research has been conducted using confidential inquires to determine how frequent homicide is in cases called SIDS. This paper traces the history of quoted rates of homicide. Early work suggested the figure was between 2-10% of all SIDS cases, though other workers have suggested figures as high as 20-40%. With the fall in the rate of infant deaths following the “Back to Sleep” campaigns, these figures have been reevaluated. If the higher figures were correct that 20-40% of SIDS were homicides, the fall in infant deaths would be expected to be less than it has been. Current data suggests a much lower figure than 10% of current cases, with much lower overall rates of infant deaths. As well as 10% of SIDS cases having been stated to be homicides, a related question is whether multiple deaths classified as SIDS are really homicides. The paper discusses the maxim that one death is a tragedy, two is suspicious, and three deaths indicate homicide. The paper also looks at court cases and the approach that has been made in prosecutions of sudden unexpected death in infancy as multiple murder.

scholarly journals Aerosol Characterization during the Summer 2017 Huge Fire Event on Mount Vesuvius (Italy) by Remote Sensing and In Situ Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Antonella Boselli ◽  
Alessia Sannino ◽  
Mariagrazia D’Emilio ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Salvatore Amoruso
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Microphysical Properties ◽  
Observational Site ◽  
Biomass Burning Aerosol

During the summer of 2017, multiple huge fires occurred on Mount Vesuvius (Italy), dispersing a large quantity of ash in the surrounding area ensuing the burning of tens of hectares of Mediterranean scrub. The fires affected a very large area of the Vesuvius National Park and the smoke was driven by winds towards the city of Naples, causing daily peak values of particulate matter (PM) concentrations at ground level higher than the limit of the EU air quality directive. The smoke plume spreading over the area of Naples in this period was characterized by active (lidar) and passive (sun photometer) remote sensing as well as near-surface (optical particle counter) observational techniques. The measurements allowed us to follow both the PM variation at ground level and the vertical profile of fresh biomass burning aerosol as well as to analyze the optical and microphysical properties. The results evidenced the presence of a layer of fine mode aerosol with large mean values of optical depth (AOD > 0.25) and Ångstrom exponent (γ > 1.5) above the observational site. Moreover, the lidar ratio and aerosol linear depolarization obtained from the lidar observations were about 40 sr and 4%, respectively, consistent with the presence of biomass burning aerosol in the atmosphere.

scholarly journals North polar trough formation due to in-situ erosion as a source of young ice in mid-latitudinal mantles on Mars

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alexis P. Rodriguez ◽  
Kenneth L. Tanaka ◽  
Ali M. Bramson ◽  
Gregory J. Leonard ◽  
Victor R. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Katabatic Wind ◽  
Spiral Pattern ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
North Polar ◽  
Human Exploration ◽  
Erosional Event

AbstractThe clockwise spiral of troughs marking the Martian north polar plateau forms one of the planet’s youngest megastructures. One popular hypothesis posits that the spiral pattern resulted as troughs underwent poleward migration. Here, we show that the troughs are extensively segmented into enclosed depressions (or cells). Many cell interiors display concentric layers that connect pole- and equator-facing slopes, demonstrating in-situ trough erosion. The segmentation patterns indicate a history of gradual trough growth transversely to katabatic wind directions, whereby increases in trough intersections generated their spiral arrangement. The erosional event recorded in the truncated strata and trough segmentation may have supplied up to ~25% of the volume of the mid-latitude icy mantles. Topographically subtle undulations transition into troughs and have distributions that mimic and extend the troughs’ spiraling pattern, indicating that they probably represent buried trough sections. The retention of the spiral pattern in surface and subsurface troughs is consistent with the megastructure’s stabilization before its partial burial. A previously suggested warm paleoclimatic spike indicates that the erosion could have occurred as recently as ~50 Ka. Hence, if the removed ice was redeposited to form the mid-latitude mantles, they could provide a valuable source of near-surface, clean ice for future human exploration.

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