scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variations of City-Level Carbon Emissions in China during 2000–2017 Using Nighttime Light Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2916
Author(s):  
Yu Sun ◽  
Sheng Zheng ◽  
Yuzhe Wu ◽  
Uwe Schlink ◽  
Ramesh P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variations ◽  
Nighttime Light Data ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Nighttime Light

China is one of the largest carbon emitting countries in the world. Numerous strategies have been considered by the Chinese government to mitigate carbon emissions in recent years. Accurate and timely estimation of spatiotemporal variations of city-level carbon emissions is of vital importance for planning of low-carbon strategies. For an assessment of the spatiotemporal variations of city-level carbon emissions in China during the periods 2000–2017, we used nighttime light data as a proxy from two sources: Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) data and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS). The results show that cities with low carbon emissions are located in the western and central parts of China. In contrast, cities with high carbon emissions are mainly located in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD). Half of the cities of China have been making efforts to reduce carbon emissions since 2012, and regional disparities among cities are steadily decreasing. Two clusters of high-emission cities located in the BTH and YRD followed two different paths of carbon emissions owing to the diverse political status and pillar industries. We conclude that carbon emissions in China have undergone a transformation to decline, but a very slow balancing between the spatial pattern of high-emission versus low-emission regions in China can be presumed.

scholarly journals China’s city-level carbon emissions during 1992–2017 based on the inter-calibration of nighttime light data

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandong Chen ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
Shulei Cheng ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Wenxuan Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Nighttime Light Data ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Emission Reduction Strategies

AbstractAccurate, long-term, full-coverage carbon dioxide (CO2) data in units of prefecture-level cities are necessary for evaluations of CO2 emission reductions in China, which has become one of the world’s largest carbon-emitting countries. This study develops a novel method to match satellite-based Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Landscan System (DMSP/OLS) and Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP/VIIRS) nighttime light data, and estimates the CO2 emissions of 334 prefecture-level cities in China from 1992 to 2017. Results indicated that the eastern and coastal regions had higher carbon emissions, but their carbon intensity decreased more rapidly than other regions. Compared to previous studies, we provide the most extensive and long-term CO2 dataset to date, and these data will be of great value for further socioeconomic research. Specifically, this dataset provides a foundational data source for China’s future CO2 research and emission reduction strategies. Additionally, the methodology can be applied to other regions around the world.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Effects of Urbanization and Outward Foreign Direct Investment on Carbon Emissions in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Yi ◽  
Mengqi Gong ◽  
Ting Wu ◽  
Yue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Markov Switching Model ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
High Emission

It is essential to explore the relationship between China’s urbanization, outward foreign direct investment, and carbon emissions, in order to better understand China’s carbon emissions reduction target. To this end, the nonlinear Granger causality test and Markov-switching model are applied to analyze the structural effects of urbanization and outward foreign direct investment on domestic emissions, on the basis of time series data from 1984–2016. The results show that the promotion effect of outward foreign direct investment on carbon emissions is increased from low-carbon regime to high-emission regime. Specifically, 1% increase in OFDI leads to a rise in carbon emissions by 0.064% and 0.112% under the former and latter regime respectively. Unlike the effect trend of outward foreign direct investment, the effect of urbanization on carbon emissions is decreased from a high-emission regime (5.221% rise in carbon emissions with 1% increase in the level of urbanization) to a low-carbon regime (3.133% rise in carbon emissions with 1% increase in the level of urbanization).

scholarly journals Identification of Shrinkage and Growth Patterns of a Shrinking City in China Based on Nighttime Light Data: A Case Study of Yichun

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Chenggu Li ◽  
Zuopeng Ma ◽  
Shuju Hu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Nighttime Light Data ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Urban Science ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Shrinking City

Urban shrinkage has become a topic of major concern to scholars of geography and urban science. However, the methods of identifying urban shrinkage and growth have mostly focused on traditional statistical methods, and studies based on nighttime light (NTL) data are rare. Here, we use the NTL data for 56 months from 2012 to 2019 obtained by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi National Polar Orbiting Partnership (NPP) to identify the shrinkage and growth patterns of Yichun in China, by calculating the slope of the NTL radiance value after denoising. At the same time, by combining high-resolution Google satellite images and traditional demographic data, we analyzed the shrinkage characteristics of Yichun. The results of the study confirmed the characteristics of partial shrinkage in China’s shrinking cities. In addition, the use of NPP-VIIRS NTL data was able to more accurately identify the urban shrinkage and growth patterns, and may also be seen to present a more objective picture of reality, thus providing a new perspective for studies of urban shrinkage.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Carbon Emissions in the Chinese Construction Industry: A Spatial Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Lu ◽  
Shuyi Feng ◽  
Ziming Liu ◽  
Weidong Wang ◽  
Hualiang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Industry Agglomeration ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Growth Energy

As the largest carbon emitter in the world, China is confronted with great challenges of mitigating carbon emissions, especially from its construction industry. Yet, the understanding of carbon emissions in the construction industry remains limited. As one of the first few attempts, this paper contributes to the literature by identifying the determinants of carbon emissions in the Chinese construction industry from the perspective of spatial spillover effects. A panel dataset of 30 provinces or municipalities from 2005 to 2015 was used for the analysis. We found that there is a significant and positive spatial autocorrelation of carbon emissions. The local Moran’s I showed local agglomeration characteristics of H-H (high-high) and L-L (low-low). The indicators of population density, economic growth, energy structure, and industrial structure had either direct or indirect effects on carbon emissions. In particular, we found that low-carbon technology innovation significantly reduces carbon emissions, both in local and neighboring regions. We also found that the industry agglomeration significantly increases carbon emissions in the local regions. Our results imply that the Chinese government can reduce carbon emissions by encouraging low-carbon technology innovations. Meanwhile, our results also highlight the negative environmental impacts of the current policies to promote industry agglomeration.

scholarly journals Does China’s Urban Development Satisfy Zipf’s Law? A Multiscale Perspective from the NPP-VIIRS Nighttime Light Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yizhen Wu ◽  
Mingyue Jiang ◽  
Zhijian Chang ◽  
Yuanqing Li ◽  
Kaifang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Zipf’S Law ◽  
Zipf's Law ◽  
Nighttime Light Data ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Zipf Law ◽  
The Ideal

Currently, whether the urban development in China satisfies Zipf’s law across different scales is still unclear. Thus, this study attempted to explore whether China’s urban development satisfies Zipf’s law across different scales from the National Polar-Orbiting Partnership’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS) nighttime light data. First, the NPP-VIIRS data were corrected. Then, based on the Zipf law model, the corrected NPP-VIIRS data were used to evaluate China’s urban development at multiple scales. The results showed that the corrected NPP-VIIRS data could effectively reflect the state of urban development in China. Additionally, the Zipf index (q) values, which could express the degree of urban development, decreased from 2012 to 2018 overall in all provinces, prefectures, and counties. Since the value of q was relatively close to 1 with an R2 value > 0.70, the development of the provinces and prefectures was close to the ideal Zipf’s law state. In all counties, q > 1 with an R2 value > 0.70, which showed that the primate county had a relatively stronger monopoly capacity. When the value of q < 1 with a continuous declination in the top 2000 counties, the top 250 prefectures, and the top 20 provinces in equilibrium, there was little difference in the scale of development at the multiscale level with an R2 > 0.90. The results enriched our understanding of urban development in terms of Zipf’s law and had valuable implications for relevant decision-makers and stakeholders.

scholarly journals Leadership of EU member States in building carbon footprint regulations and their role in promoting circular building design

2021 ◽  
Vol 855 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
S Attia ◽  
M C Santos ◽  
M Al-Obaidy ◽  
M Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Life Cycle Thinking ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Member States ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract European countries are working towards carbon neutrality of the building sector. Regulations and initiatives, including the European Green Deal, aim at promoting circular buildings and low carbon design. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate the role of legislation in paving the way towards achieving the circularity of buildings design and construction. A systematic literature review is conducted to compare the current regulations in different EU member states that address carbon emissions and life cycle thinking to achieve circularity. The study aims to demonstrate how the low-carbon emissions regulations in leading countries can lead to making the construction sector’s circularity. The research is focused on five leading EU member states in low carbon buildings, including Denmark, Finland, France, the Netherlands, and Sweden. The study compares the performance indicators, metrics, and target thresholds found in the five selected states’ regulations and examines them across a circularity assessment framework developed earlier by the authors. This paper provides insights on low emission building regulations state-of-the-art. Moreover, it offers a better understanding of the relationship between low-carbon emissions regulations and building circularity. The article explains the role of the legislative landscape and its impact on circular building design practices. Key findings from the study will assist the European Commission to identify policy options to support the uptake of “Circular economy principles for buildings design” in European, national and local policies.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity Analysis of Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration: Evidence from Nighttime Light Data (2001–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1235
Author(s):  
Min Yu ◽  
Shan Guo ◽  
Yanning Guan ◽  
Danlu Cai ◽  
Chunyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yangtze River Delta ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Nighttime Light Data ◽  
Nighttime Light ◽  
Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity

The long-term changes of the relationship between nighttime light and urbanization related built-up areas are explored using nighttime light data obtained from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS, data before 2013) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP/VIIRS, data after 2012) and information of the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of urban evolution. This study assimilates two datasets and diagnoses the spatial heterogeneity in administrative city scale based on built-up area tendencies, temporal heterogeneity in pixel scale based on nighttime light intensity tendencies, and GDP associated spatiotemporal variability over the Yangtze River Delta comparing the first two decades of this century (2001–2010 versus 2011–2019). The analysis reveals the following main results: (1) The built-up areas have generally increased in the second period with the center of fast expansion moving southward, including Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Nanjing, and Hefei. (2) Urban development in the original city core has saturated and is spilling over to the suburbs and countryside, leading to nighttime light intensity tendency shift from a “rapid to moderate” and a “moderate to rapid” development (a “hot to cold” and a “cold to hot” spatial clustering distribution). (3) The tendency shifts of built-up area and nighttime light intensity occur most frequently in 2010, after which the urban development is transforming from light intensity growth to built-up area growth, particularly in the developed city cores. The urban agglomeration process with nighttime light intensity reaching saturation prior to the urban development spreading into the surrounding suburbs and countryside, appears to be a suitable model, which provides insights in addressing related environmental problems and contribute to regional sustainable urban planning and management.

scholarly journals Can Chinese Families Achieve a Low-Carbon Lifestyle? An Empirical Test of China’s Low-Carbon Pilot Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuetao Sun ◽  
Zhenhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Chinese Families ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Household Heterogeneity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Carbon Emission

Global warming has caused concern among countries worldwide. Since 2010, the Chinese government has implemented low-carbon pilot policies (LCPPs) in some regions to control carbon emissions. To evaluate the implementation effects of the LCPPs, we matched China’s macro data with Chinese household financial survey data. Specifically, we used a OLS model for assessing the impact of LCPPs on China’s household carbon emissions and conducted heterogeneous analysis. Further, we evaluated the mechanism through which LCPPs affect the carbon emissions of Chinese households. The research results yielded three main findings. (1) LCPPs can promote a reduction in household carbon emissions; however, the impact of LCPPs on household carbon emissions exhibits a time lag. (2) LCPPs reduce household carbon emissions by promoting the upgradation of the household consumption structure. The LCPP enables households to reduce consumption of products involving high levels of carbon emissions, while increasing consumption of low-carbon emission products, thereby affecting total household carbon emissions. (3) An analysis of household heterogeneity revealed that LCPPs mainly affect household carbon emissions in the country’s eastern and central regions, especially urban households’ carbon emissions. This paper describes the implementation effects of LCPPs and suggests a viable path for the further implementation of LCPPs.

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