scholarly journals Using Geophysics to Characterize a Prehistoric Burial Mound in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Alexandru Hegyi ◽  
Dragoș Diaconescu ◽  
Petru Urdea ◽  
Apostolos Sarris ◽  
Michał Pisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Geophysical Investigation ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Geomagnetic Survey ◽  
Western Romania ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Archaeological Monument

A geophysical investigation was carried across the M3 burial mound from Silvașu de Jos —Dealu Țapului, a tumuli necropolis in western Romania, where the presence of the Yamnaya people was certified archaeologically. For characterizing the inner structure of the mound, two conventional geophysical methods have been used: a geomagnetic survey and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The results allowed the mapping of the central features of the mound and the establishment of the relative stratigraphy of the mantle, which indicated at least two chronological phases. Archaeological excavations performed in the central part of the mound accurately validated the non-invasive geophysical survey and offered a valuable chronological record of the long-forgotten archaeological monument. Geophysical approaches proved to be an invaluable instrument for the exploration of the monument and suggest a fast constructive tool for the investigation of the entire necropolis which currently has a number of distinct mounds.

scholarly journals Application of the GPR and ERT methods for non-invasive examination of a flood dike

2020 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Tomisław Gołębiowski ◽  
Bogdan Piwakowski ◽  
Michał Ćwiklik
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electromagnetic Methods ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Ground Penetrating

As part of the NAWA-EMMAT project, geophysical surveys were carried out on selected sites in Poland, i.e. on the flood dike and in the surrounding of the concrete water dam. The goal of the surveys was the non- invasive detection of loose zones in the flood dike and fractured zones located in the subsoil of the water dam. Terrain geophysical measurements were conducted with the use of electrical and electromagnetic methods as well as applying seismic methods. Due to the limitations of the length of this paper, only selected results recorded on the flood dike using selected geophysical methods, i.e. electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground penetrating radar (GPR) are presented. The presence of several higher hydraulic permeability zones in the dike was suggested by the results of the ERT method. The GPR method allowed, due to its high resolution, to identify small leakage zones in the body of the dike. An attempt at a quantitative interpretation of the geophysical data was made; for this purpose, the synthetic results obtained from numerical modelling of electrical and electromagnetic fields were applied. For proper construction of numerical models and further interpretation, the results of geotechnical sounding, geological drilling and the results of petrophysical measurements were also used.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Shallow Coastal Aquifer in the Framework of a Subsurface Storage and Soil Aquifer Treatment Project Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (Port de la Selva, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2448
Author(s):  
Alex Sendrós ◽  
Aritz Urruela ◽  
Mahjoub Himi ◽  
Carlos Alonso ◽  
Raúl Lovera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Implicit Modeling ◽  
The Difference

Water percolation through infiltration ponds is creating significant synergies for the broad adoption of water reuse as an additional non-conventional water supply. Despite the apparent simplicity of the soil aquifer treatment (SAT) approaches, the complexity of site-specific hydrogeological conditions and the processes occurring at various scales require an exhaustive understanding of the system’s response. The non-saturated zone and underlying aquifers cannot be considered as a black box, nor accept its characterization from few boreholes not well distributed over the area to be investigated. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a non-invasive technology, highly responsive to geological heterogeneities that has demonstrated useful to provide the detailed subsurface information required for groundwater modeling. The relationships between the electrical resistivity of the alluvial sediments and the bedrock and the difference in salinity of groundwater highlight the potential of geophysical methods over other more costly subsurface exploration techniques. The results of our research show that ERT coupled with implicit modeling tools provides information that can significantly help to identify aquifer geometry and characterize the saltwater intrusion of shallow alluvial aquifers. The proposed approaches could improve the reliability of groundwater models and the commitment of stakeholders to the benefits of SAT procedures.

scholarly journals Inner structure of the Puy de Dôme volcano: cross-comparison of geophysical models (ERT, gravimetry, muon imaging)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Portal ◽  
P. Labazuy ◽  
J.-F. Lénat ◽  
S. Béné ◽  
P. Boivin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Bouguer Anomaly ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Density Distributions ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Joint Interpretation ◽  
East West

Abstract. Muon imaging of volcanoes and of geological structures in general is actively being developed by several groups in the world. It has the potential to provide 3-D density distributions with an accuracy of a few percent. At this stage of development, comparisons with established geophysical methods are useful to validate the method. An experiment has been carried out in 2011 and 2012 on a large trachytic dome, the Puy de Dôme volcano, to perform such a comparison of muon imaging with gravimetric tomography and 2-D electrical resistivity tomography. Here, we present the preliminary results for the last two methods. North–south and east–west resistivity profiles allow us to model the resistivity distribution down to the base of the dome. The modelling of the Bouguer anomaly provides models for the density distribution within the dome that are directly comparable with the results from the muon imaging. Our ultimate goal is to derive a model of the dome using the joint interpretation of all sets of data.

scholarly journals Hydrogeophysical Assessment of the Critical Zone below a Golf Course Irrigated with Reclaimed Water close to Volcanic Caldera

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2400
Author(s):  
Alex Sendrós ◽  
Mahjoub Himi ◽  
Esmeralda Estévez ◽  
Raúl Lovera ◽  
M. Pino Palacios-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Resistivity Tomography

The geometry and the hydraulic properties of the unsaturated zone is often difficult to evaluate from traditional soil sampling techniques. Soil samples typically provide only data of the upper layers and boreholes are expensive and only provide spotted information. Non-destructive geophysical methods and among them, electrical resistivity tomography can be applied in complex geological environments such as volcanic areas, where lavas and unconsolidated pyroclastic deposits dominate. They have a wide variability of hydraulic properties due to textural characteristics and modification processes suh as compaction, fracturation and weathering. To characterize the subsurface geology below the golf course of Bandama (Gran Canaria) a detailed electrical resistivity tomography survey has been conducted. This technique allowed us to define the geometry of the geological formations because of their high electrical resistivity contrasts. Subsequently, undisturbed soil and pyroclastic deposits samples were taken in representative outcrops for quantifying the hydraulic conductivity in the laboratory where the parametric electrical resistivity was measured in the field. A statistical correlation between the two variables has been obtained and a 3D model transit time of water infiltration through the vadose zone has been built to assess the vulnerability of the aquifers located below the golf course irrigated with reclaimed water.

scholarly journals Resolution capacity of geophysical monitoring regarding permafrost degradation induced by hydrological processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2957-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Mewes ◽  
Christin Hilbich ◽  
Reynald Delaloye ◽  
Christian Hauck
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Seismic Tomography ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Phase Model ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Refraction Seismic ◽  
Ice Content

Abstract. Geophysical methods are often used to characterize and monitor the subsurface composition of permafrost. The resolution capacity of standard methods, i.e. electrical resistivity tomography and refraction seismic tomography, depends not only on static parameters such as measurement geometry, but also on the temporal variability in the contrast of the geophysical target variables (electrical resistivity and P-wave velocity). Our study analyses the resolution capacity of electrical resistivity tomography and refraction seismic tomography for typical processes in the context of permafrost degradation using synthetic and field data sets of mountain permafrost terrain. In addition, we tested the resolution capacity of a petrophysically based quantitative combination of both methods, the so-called 4-phase model, and through this analysed the expected changes in water and ice content upon permafrost thaw. The results from the synthetic data experiments suggest a higher sensitivity regarding an increase in water content compared to a decrease in ice content. A potentially larger uncertainty originates from the individual geophysical methods than from the combined evaluation with the 4-phase model. In the latter, a loss of ground ice can be detected quite reliably, whereas artefacts occur in the case of increased horizontal or vertical water flow. Analysis of field data from a well-investigated rock glacier in the Swiss Alps successfully visualized the seasonal ice loss in summer and the complex spatially variable ice, water and air content changes in an interannual comparison.

IDENTIFICATION OF AQUIFER USING RESISTIVITY GEOELECTRIC METHOD IN REGIONAL OF BEBANDEM, KARANG ASEM, BALI

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Budy Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Surface Image ◽  
Resistivity Variation ◽  
Resistivity Meter

Bungaya Kangin Village, Bebandem District, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province consists of paddy fields and settlements, required therefore a water source / aquifer  that can meet all these needs. One of the Geophysical Methods that can identify the aquifer is the Geoelectric Method. Geoelectric method used in this research is Resistivity Method. Data acquisition using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) Methods. VES method is a method of measurement to determine the variation of resistivity vertically at one point. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method is a method of measuring resistivity on soil surface / rock by using many electrode (51 electrode), to obtain sub-surface resistivity variation  lateraly and verticaly, to obtain sub-surface image. The equipment used for geoelectric measurements is  Resistivity Meter of Naniura NRD 300 Hf which has been equipped with a switchbox to adjust the displacement of 51 electrodes. Based on the resistivity modeling results, the aquifers in the study area were found in rough sandstones with resistivity values : (49 - 100) Ohm.m.  

scholarly journals The Discovery of the Theater of Akragas (Valley of Temples, Agrigento, Italy): An Archaeological Confirmation of the Supposed Buried Structures from a Geophysical Survey

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Cozzolino ◽  
Luigi Maria Caliò ◽  
Vincenzo Gentile ◽  
Paolo Mauriello ◽  
Andrea Di Meo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Archaeological Excavation ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
Geophysical Surveys

The theater of the ancient city of Akragas has been researched for centuries and, in 2016, a multidisciplinary and multi-scale research work that involved topographic studies, analysis of satellite images, geomorphological characterization of the land, archaeological surveys, and non-invasive geophysical surveys led to its discovery. In this work, a comparison between the archaeological structures hypothesized by geophysical results and the archaeological structure excavated is presented. The area of about 5.500 m2 was investigated using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). The survey highlighted a series of resistivity highs arranged on concentric semicircles defining perfectly the presence of an articulate building attributable to a theatrical complex of imposing dimensions (diameter of about 95 m). Archaeological excavation led to the identification of the summa cavea with the discovery of foundation-level structures arranged on a semicircle, on which the tiers were located, and cuts in the rock with seat imprints. The overlap of the technical layouts obtained from the documentation of archaeological excavation on the modelled resistivity maps shows the perfect correspondence between the features of the resistivity highs and the ancient structures actually found.

scholarly journals The role of geophysical ERT method to evaluate the leakproofness of diapragm wall of deep foundation trenches on the example of the construction of retail and office complex in Lublin, Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pacanowski ◽  
Paweł Czarniak ◽  
Anna Bąkowska ◽  
Radosław Mieszkowski ◽  
Fabian Welc
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Hydraulic Fracture ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Deep Foundation ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Soil Water Conditions

Abstract This paper addresses the problem of assessing the leakproofness of the bottom of a deep foundation trench, secured by cavity wall, using geophysical methods of electrical resistivity tomography. The study was conducted on a large construction project in Lublin, in a place where there are complicated soil-water conditions: the groundwater level is above the proposed depth of foundation trench, the subsoil is heterogeneous, and there are karsted and weathered carbonate sediments with confined aquifer below the bottom of the trench. A hydraulic fracture occurred at the bottom of the trench during the engineering works, which caused the water flow into the trench. In order to recognize the soil-water conditions the first stage of geophysical measurements of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was made. The applied methodology allowed to determine the extent of the hydraulic fracture zone within the bottom of foundation trench. In order to assess the leakproofness of Diaphragm Wall the geophysical ERT measurements were repeated (stage 2) A clear reduction in the value of the electrical resistivity of soils in the area of hydraulic fracture was caused by clay injection. The results of ERT measurements are discussed and graphically presented.

scholarly journals Stabilization Methodology in Foundation Soils by ERT-3D Application in Estepona, South Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Alfonso Gutiérrez-Martín ◽  
José I. Yenes ◽  
Marta Fernández-Hernández ◽  
Ricardo Castedo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Shallow Foundations ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Field Campaign ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dipole Configuration

The paper proposes a novel methodology for the stabilization of shallow foundations, with a simplified model combined with 3D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT-3D and consolidation injections. To determine its usefulness, the method has been applied in a case located in Estepona (southern Spain). The chosen tomography model is the dipole–dipole configuration, with an optimized distance between electrodes of 0.80 m for a better visualization of the foundation subsoil; with this parameterization, a total of 72 electrodes were installed in the analyzed case. In this work, the depth of the anomaly in the building’s supporting subsoil was detected ranging from 2.00 m to 3.90 m deep. The study also delineates areas of high resistivity variations (50–1000 Ω m) in the middle and eastern end of the field. These data have been validated and corroborated with a field campaign. The results of the ERT-3D monitoring are presented, once the investment data has been processed with the RES3DINV software, from the beginning to the end of the stabilization intervention. The novelty occurs with the interaction between the tomography and the foundation consolidation injections, until the final stabilization. This is a very useful methodology in case of emergency consolidation, where there is a need to minimize damage to the building. Thus, people using this combined system will be able to practically solve the initial anomalies of the subsoil that caused the damages, in a non-invasive way, considerably lowering the value of the resistivities.

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