scholarly journals Design of a Measurement System for Six-Degree-of-Freedom Geometric Errors of a Linear Guide of a Machine Tool

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Sheng Liu ◽  
Jia-Jun Lai ◽  
Yong-Tai Luo
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Light Path ◽  
Linear Guide ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Analysis Design ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Straightness Error ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This paper proposes a system utilizing a Renishaw XL80 positioning error measuring interferometer and sensitivity analysis design to measure six-degree-of-freedom (6 DOF) geometric errors of a machine tool’s linear guide. Each error is characterized by high independence with significantly reduced crosstalk, and error calculations are extremely fast and accurate. Initially, the real light path was simulated using Zemax. Then, Matlab’s skew ray tracing method was used to perform mathematical modeling and ray matching. Each error’s sensitivity to the sensor was then analyzed, and curve fitting was used to simplify and speed up the mathematical model computations. Finally, Solidworks was used to design the set of system modules, bringing the proposed system closer to a product. This system measured actual 6 DOF geometric errors of a machine tool’s linear guide, and a comparison is made with the Renishaw XL-80 interferometer measurements. The resulting pitch, yaw, horizontal straightness, and vertical straightness error deviation ranges are ±0.5 arcsec, ±3.6 arcsec, ±2.1 μm, and ±2.3 μm, respectively. The maximum repeatability deviations for the measured guide’s pitch, yaw, roll, horizontal straightness, vertical straightness, and positioning errors are 0.4 arcsec, 0.2 arcsec, 4.2 arcsec, 1.5 μm, 0.3 μm, and 3 μm, respectively.

Development of a Measuring System for the Measurement of Motions Errors of a Linear Stage

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yuh Jywe ◽  
Chien-Hung Liu ◽  
Sheng-Chung Tzeng ◽  
Po Chou ◽  
Chu-Wei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Measuring Method ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Angular Error ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Linear Stage ◽  
Process Verification ◽  
Error Components ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Straightness Error

A high precision six-degree-of-freedom measuring system is developed in this paper for the motion measurement of a linear stage. It integrates a miniature dual-beam fiber coupled laser interferometer with the multiple optical paths and quadrant detectors to be capable of measuring six-degree-of-freedom motion errors. The proposed measuring method provides rapid performance, simplicity of setup, and pre-process verification of a linear positioning stage. The experimental setup and algorithm for the error verification are presented in the paper. The measuring range of the proposed measuring system is ±40μm for straightness and 40 arc sec for pitch, roll and yaw. Within the range of ±40μm and 40 arc sec, it has been found that the system’s resolution and accuracy of measuring straightness error components are about 0.04 μm and ±0.06 μm, respectively. The resolution and accuracy of measuring pitch and yaw angular error components are about 0.06 arc sec and ±0.8 arc sec, respectively. The resolution and accuracy of measuring roll angular error are about 0.05 arc sec and ±0.07 arc sec, respectively.

A New Method Based on Position Sensitive Detectors to Measure Four-Degree-of-Freedom Geometric Errors of Linear Guide Rails

2013 ◽  
Vol 706-708 ◽  
pp. 1120-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Song ◽  
Hong Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Linear Guide ◽  
Neural Network Algorithm ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Position Sensitive ◽  
Position Sensitive Detectors ◽  
The Relationship

A novel method adopting position sensitive detector (PSD) and laser collimation technique to measure four-degree-of-freedom of linear guide rails is presented in this paper. The yaw and pitch errors can be obtained based on the relationship between output coordinates of horizontal PSD and angle of the mirror. Meanwhile, the horizontal and vertical straightness errors can be calculated by the relationship between output coordinates of vertical PSD and position of sampling points. Besides, BP neural network algorithm is used to correct the nonlinearity between actual and ideal output of PSD. The method is analysed theoretically in detail. The experimental results show that the four-degree-of-freedom of linear guide rails can be measured with high accuracy.

Geometric Error Compensation With a Six Degree-of–Freedom Rotary Magnetic Actuator

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Yuen ◽  
Yusuf Altintas
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Geometric Error ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Quintic Polynomial ◽  
Gradient Descent Algorithm ◽  
Forward Kinematic ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom

This paper presents a methodology to compensate the tooltip position errors caused by the geometric errors of a three-axis gantry type micromill integrated with a six degree-of-freedom (6DOF) rotary magnetic table. A geometric error-free ideal forward kinematic model of the nine-axis machine has been developed using homogenous transformation matrices (HTMs). The geometric errors of each linear axis, which include one positioning, two straightness, pitch, roll, and yaw errors, are measured with a laser interferometer and fit to quintic polynomial functions in the working volume of the machine. The forward kinematic model is modified to include the geometric errors which, when subtracted from the ideal kinematic model, gives the deviation between the desired tooltip position with and without geometric errors. The position commands of the six degree-of-freedom rotary magnetic table are modified in real time to compensate for the tooltip deviation using a gradient descent algorithm. The algorithm is simulated and verified experimentally on the nine-axis micromill controlled by an in-house developed virtual/real-time open computer numerical controlled (CNC) system.

Research on the Dynamic Characteristic of the Bogie in Dynamic Track Stabilizer under the Excitation of the Track Irregularities

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1438-1441
Author(s):  
Li Hua Wang ◽  
Guang Wei Liu ◽  
An Ning Huang ◽  
Ya Yu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Density ◽  
Dynamic Characteristic ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Track Irregularities

With the large-scale speed-up of the railway, the dynamic track stabilizer will play an important role on the track overhauling and railroading of new line in our country. Bogie is one of the major critical components of the dynamic track stabilizer; its vibrating characteristic will affect the vibrating characteristic of the dynamic track stabilizer directly. The method of numerical simulate was used, based on the spectral density of the track irregularities, the time domain loads of the track irregularities were gained. Then the vibrating characteristics of the dynamic track stabilizer bogie under the excitation of the track irregularities were analyzed on the bases of the ANSYS/LS-DYNA. And the lateral, dilation, ups and downs, nod, swing and anti-rolling vibrating characteristics of the bogie on the six degree of freedom were obtained. The analysis results of this paper will provide foundation for the research on the stationarity and security of the dynamic track stabilizer.

scholarly journals Six-Degree-of-Freedom Haptic Rendering Using Incremental and Localized Computations

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young J. Kim ◽  
Miguel A. Otaduy ◽  
Ming C. Lin ◽  
Dinesh Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Haptic Rendering ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Incremental Algorithm ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Bounding Volume ◽  
Multiple Contacts ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Bounding Volume Hierarchies

We present a novel six-degree-of-freedom haptic rendering algorithm using incremental and localized contact computations. It uses an incremental approach for contact and force computations and takes advantage of spatial and temporal coherence between successive frames. As part of a preprocess, we decompose the surface of each polyhedron into convex pieces and construct bounding volume hierarchies to perform fast proximity queries. Once the objects have intersected, we compute the penetration depth (PD) in the neighborhood of the contact between each pair of decomposed convex pieces using a new incremental algorithm. Moreover, we cluster different contacts based on their spatial proximity to speed up the force computation. We have implemented this algorithm and applied it to complex contact scenarios consisting of multiple contacts. We demonstrate its effectiveness on electronic prototyping of complex mechanical structures and virtual exploration of a digestive system.

Techniques of multi-degree-of-freedom measurement on the linear motion errors of precision machines

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuang-Chao Fan ◽  
Hung-Yu Wang ◽  
Hao-Wei Yang ◽  
Li-Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Optical Instruments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Manufacturing Tolerances ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Three Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Precision Machines

AbstractAny axis of precision machines possesses six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion errors, also called the geometric errors, due to manufacturing tolerances and assembly errors, namely three linear and three angular errors. Conventional optical instruments allow measurement of only one or two errors at a time. In order to achieve fast measurement, many multi-degree-of-freedom measurement (MDFM) systems have been developed over the past 20 years, from three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) to 6-DOF. This article summarizes reports of optical measurement techniques of MDFM systems for precision linear, planar and XYZ stages. Comments are also given for the applicability to practical uses.

A Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Measuring System for CMM Geometric Errors

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ni ◽  
P. S. Huang ◽  
S. M. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Angular Error ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Measurement Quality ◽  
Laser Alignment ◽  
Straightness Error ◽  
Better Than

A precision multi-degree-of-freedom measuring (MDFM) system has been developed and implemented for the simultaneous measurement of straightness, pitch, yaw, and roll errors of the moving axes of a CMM. The system is based on the principles of laser alignment and autocollimator. Its measurement principles and the influence of laser beam drifts on its measurement quality have been investigated and some improvement schemes have been implemented. Through the measurements of actual as well as artificially created geometric errors of the CMM, it has been found that the system’s accuracy of measuring straightness error components is better than 1 μm and its accuracy for angular error measurements is better than 0.5 arcsec.

scholarly journals Design of a Measurement System for Simultaneously Measuring Six-Degree-Of-Freedom Geometric Errors of a Long Linear Stage

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Sheng Liu ◽  
Yu-Fan Pu ◽  
Yu-Ta Chen ◽  
Yong-Tai Luo
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Taylor Series Expansion ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Linear Stage ◽  
Six Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Geometric Motion ◽  
Laser Interferometers ◽  
Interferometer Method ◽  
Conventional Laser

This study designs and characterizes a novel precise measurement system for simultaneously measuring six-degree-of-freedom geometric motion errors of a long linear stage of a machine tool. The proposed measurement system is based on a method combined with the geometrical optics method and laser interferometer method. In contrast to conventional laser interferometers using only the interferometer method, the proposed measurement system can simultaneously measure six-degree-of-freedom geometric motion errors of a long linear stage with lower cost and faster operational time. The proposed measurement system is characterized numerically using commercial software ZEMAX and mathematical modeling established by using a skew-ray tracing method, a homogeneous transformation matrix, and a first-order Taylor series expansion. The proposed measurement system is then verified experimentally using a laboratory-built prototype. The experimental results show that, compared to conventional laser interferometers, the proposed measurement system better achieves the ability to simultaneously measure six-degree-of-freedom geometric errors of a long linear stage (a traveling range of 250 mm).

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