scholarly journals PMK—A Knowledge Processing Framework for Autonomous Robotics Perception and Manipulation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Diab ◽  
Aliakbar Akbari ◽  
Muhayy Ud Din ◽  
Jan Rosell
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Autonomous Robotics ◽  
Knowledge Processing ◽  
Processing Framework ◽  
The Way

Autonomous indoor service robots are supposed to accomplish tasks, like serve a cup, which involve manipulation actions. Particularly, for complex manipulation tasks which are subject to geometric constraints, spatial information and a rich semantic knowledge about objects, types, and functionality are required, together with the way in which these objects can be manipulated. In this line, this paper presents an ontological-based reasoning framework called Perception and Manipulation Knowledge (PMK) that includes: (1) the modeling of the environment in a standardized way to provide common vocabularies for information exchange in human-robot or robot-robot collaboration, (2) a sensory module to perceive the objects in the environment and assert the ontological knowledge, (3) an evaluation-based analysis of the situation of the objects in the environment, in order to enhance the planning of manipulation tasks. The paper describes the concepts and the implementation of PMK, and presents an example demonstrating the range of information the framework can provide for autonomous robots.

scholarly journals A Robust Lane Detection Model Using Vertical Spatial Features and Contextual Driving Information

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Wenbo Liu ◽  
Fei Yan ◽  
Jiyong Zhang ◽  
Tao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Proposed Model

The quality of detected lane lines has a great influence on the driving decisions of unmanned vehicles. However, during the process of unmanned vehicle driving, the changes in the driving scene cause much trouble for lane detection algorithms. The unclear and occluded lane lines cannot be clearly detected by most existing lane detection models in many complex driving scenes, such as crowded scene, poor light condition, etc. In view of this, we propose a robust lane detection model using vertical spatial features and contextual driving information in complex driving scenes. The more effective use of contextual information and vertical spatial features enables the proposed model more robust detect unclear and occluded lane lines by two designed blocks: feature merging block and information exchange block. The feature merging block can provide increased contextual information to pass to the subsequent network, which enables the network to learn more feature details to help detect unclear lane lines. The information exchange block is a novel block that combines the advantages of spatial convolution and dilated convolution to enhance the process of information transfer between pixels. The addition of spatial information allows the network to better detect occluded lane lines. Experimental results show that our proposed model can detect lane lines more robustly and precisely than state-of-the-art models in a variety of complex driving scenarios.

A Model for Cooperative Design Based on Multi-Agent System

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Yi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Multi Agent System ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Knowledge Processing ◽  
Cooperative Design ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Design Result

Distributed cooperative design is carried out by teams located at different places. The regional limitation must be overcome to facilitate information exchange, knowledge processing, and design result exchange, etc., among the teams. This paper proposes a multi-agent based model for cooperative design. The model consists of five types of agents according to cooperative design environment and design activities. Integrated fine grained security mechanism into different agents is the major feature of this model.

Navigating in a volumetric world: Metric encoding in the vertical axis of space

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Burt de Perera ◽  
Robert Holbrook ◽  
Victoria Davis ◽  
Alex Kacelnik ◽  
Tim Guilford
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Orthogonal Axis ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Three Dimensional Space ◽  
The Way

AbstractAnimals navigate through three-dimensional environments, but we argue that the way they encode three-dimensional spatial information is shaped by how they use the vertical component of space. We agree with Jeffery et al. that the representation of three-dimensional space in vertebrates is probably bicoded (with separation of the plane of locomotion and its orthogonal axis), but we believe that their suggestion that the vertical axis is stored “contextually” (that is, not containing distance or direction metrics usable for novel computations) is unlikely, and as yet unsupported. We describe potential experimental protocols that could clarify these differences in opinion empirically.

ILLUSTRATING THE PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS TOWARDS AUTONOMOUS SERVICE ROBOTS IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-406
Author(s):  
Nicola Wakelin-Theron
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Hospitality Students ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Autonomous Service

Research purpose – The purpose of the study was to explore the students’ perceptions towards autonomous service robots, using interviews and, in a novel manner, also their drawings, to generate data. The paper contributes to current knowledge claims around the Techno-Economic Paradigm by providing a greater understanding of, and student response to, autonomous service robots. Additional insights were gained on transformational skills set for tourism practitioners. Design/Methodology/Approach – A qualitative approach followed a participatory research design which was set in a public higher education institution. Undergraduate tourism and hospitality students who had previous exposure and engagement with robots were the purposive sample. The paper draws on the Techno-Economic Paradigm to illuminate how, according to students’ experiences and perceptions, autonomous robots interact in, and disrupt, the tourism industry. Findings – Four main drawings essentially expressed tourism and hospitality students’ perceptions of autonomous service robots in the tourism industry. Centrally there are opportunities for the absorption of robots in certain sectors of the tourism industry. Despite greater use of robots in service-driven industries like tourism, it remains challenging to establish the right balance between humans and robots, and up- and re-skilling transformation would be required of those working in the tourism industry and those studying towards a tourism qualification. This study advances that additional research is still required, including longitudinal studies on the effects of autonomous services in the tourism industry, as well as students’ perception on the use of robots, re-skilling as well as ethical risks to customers, the greater value to the economy and those working in the tourism industry. Originality of the research – The article contributes to the use of visual methodology as part of data generation, specifically how students’ perceptions regarding autonomous robots in the tourism industry were graphically distilled using this methodology.

scholarly journals Vehicle Spatial Distribution and 3D Trajectory Extraction Algorithm in a Cross-Camera Traffic Scene

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6517
Author(s):  
Xinyao Tang ◽  
Huansheng Song ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yanni Yang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Panoramic Image ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Comparison Algorithms ◽  
Bounding Boxes

The three-dimensional trajectory data of vehicles have important practical meaning for traffic behavior analysis. To solve the problems of narrow visual angle in single-camera scenes and lack of continuous trajectories in 3D space by current cross-camera trajectory extraction methods, we propose an algorithm of vehicle spatial distribution and 3D trajectory extraction in this paper. First, a panoramic image of a road with spatial information is generated based on camera calibration, which is used to convert cross-camera perspectives into 3D physical space. Then, we choose YOLOv4 to obtain 2D bounding boxes of vehicles in cross-camera scenes. Based on the above information, 3D bounding boxes around vehicles are built with geometric constraints which are used to obtain projection centroids of vehicles. Finally, by calculating the spatial distribution of projection centroids in the panoramic image, 3D trajectories of vehicles are extracted. The experimental results indicate that our algorithm can effectively complete vehicle spatial distribution and 3D trajectory extraction in various traffic scenes, which outperforms other comparison algorithms.

Dual exploration strategies using artificial spiking neural networks in a robotic learning task

2020 ◽  
pp. 105971232092474
Author(s):  
André Cyr ◽  
Julie Morand-Ferron ◽  
Frédéric Thériault
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Visual Learning ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Conditioning Procedure ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
The Common ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Robotic Learning

Spatial information can be valuable, but new environments may be perceived as risky and thus often evoke fear responses and risk-averse exploration strategies such as thigmotaxis or wall-following behavior. Individual differences in risk-taking (boldness) and thigmotaxis have been reported in natural taxa, which may benefit their survival. In neurorobotic, the common approach is to reproduce cognitive phenomena with multiple levels of bio-inspiration into robotic scenarios. Since autonomous robots may benefit from these different behaviors in exploration tasks, this study aims at simulating two exploration strategies in a virtual robot controlled by a spiking neural network. The experimental context consists in a visual learning task solved through an operant conditioning procedure. Results suggest that the proposed neural architecture sustains both behaviors, switching from one to the other by external cues. This original bio-inspired model could be used as a first step toward further investigations of neurorobotic personality modulated by learning and complex exploration contexts.

Special Issue on New Challenges in Robotics Technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-343
Author(s):  
Terenziano Raparelli ◽  
◽  
Pierluigi Beomonte Zobel
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Assistive Devices ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Robotic Devices

Robotics has reached a top technological level in recent years, a level at which it can be successfully used not only in structured spaces (for less complex applications) but also increasingly in unstructured spaces. Robotics technology is now used effectively in hospitals for rehabilitation and assistive devices, in the home for domestic applications, in the space for autonomous robots and automated vehicles, in amusement parks for entertainment attractions, and on the ground for military applications. In industrial applications, robotics has enlarged its scope with high-speed robots, cooperative robots, and smart robotic devices for production set-ups. These new applications have created new challenges in robotics. New materials have been developed to make frames lighter and smarter, new actuators and sensors have been made in compliance with specific applications and for more advanced performance, new flexible gripper devices have been produced with superior control systems, and new interfaces have been developed that are integrated with the devices and easier to use. This special issue features 18 research articles related to the latest research results and practical case studies in robotics technology. Subjects include robots for rehabilitation, robots as assistive devices, robots for agriculture, robots for exploration, robots for automation and industrial applications, service robots, new actuators, new sensors, new gripping devices, new control strategies, and robotic systems. We deeply appreciate the careful efforts of all the authors and thank the reviewers for their incisive efforts. Without these contributions, this special issue could not have been printed. We hope that this special issue will trigger further research on robotics technology. Finally a special memory of Cesare Rossi, one of the authors, that died suddenly after the preparation of the manuscript.

Enterprise Knowledge Discovery and Management Using Semantic Knowledge Processing Technology

2003 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Yauheni Veryha
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Knowledge Processing ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Knowledge Presentation ◽  
Knowledge Content ◽  
Knowledge Portal

This paper presents an implementation framework for enterprise knowledge discovery and management using semantic knowledge processing technology. The developed solution gives the possibility of effectively organizing, controlling and updating knowledge portal content using the company's expertise and available semantic knowledge processing tools. The key concept has been to introduce blocking databases for filtering knowledge content returned from semantic knowledge processing tools with subject-action-object (SAO) knowledge presentation model. The architecture of the enterprise knowledge management solution and the example of using blocking databases with "CoBrain" semantic knowledge processing tool have been presented.

An Exploratory Look at the Growth and Success of Crowdfunding in the Public Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
Martin Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Way

The digital age has changed the way we consume information and left organizations struggling to adapt to new technologies and information exchange mechanisms. Civic crowdfunding is one such new technology that has the potential to redefine what local government means from an individual and administrative perspective, but there remains little knowledge about what it is and where it fits in the public space. This research attempts to unravel these questions by providing an overview of the field of civic crowdfunding and explaining what types of projects are undertaken, what projects are successfully funded, and what factors lead to successful projects.

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