scholarly journals Collaborative Smartphone-Based User Positioning in a Multiple-User Context Using Wireless Technologies

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viet-Cuong Ta ◽  
Trung-Kien Dao ◽  
Dominique Vaufreydaz ◽  
Eric Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Error Function ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
User Context ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Time Component ◽  
Observation Function ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Error Observation

For the localization of multiple users, Bluetooth data from the smartphone is able to complement Wi-Fi-based methods with additional information, by providing an approximation of the relative distances between users. In practice, both positions provided by Wi-Fi data and relative distance provided by Bluetooth data are subject to a certain degree of noise due to the uncertainty of radio propagation in complex indoor environments. In this study, we propose and evaluate two approaches, namely Non-temporal and Temporal ones, of collaborative positioning to combine these two cohabiting technologies to improve the tracking performance. In the Non-temporal approach, our model establishes an error observation function in a specific interval of the Bluetooth and Wi-Fi output. It is then able to reduce the positioning error by looking for ways to minimize the error function. The Temporal approach employs an extended error model that takes into account the time component between users’ movements. For performance evaluation, several multi-user scenarios in an indoor environment are set up. Results show that for certain scenarios, the proposed approaches attain over 40% of improvement in terms of average accuracy.

Hybrid-Data Approach for Estimating Trip Purposes

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110184
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Luo ◽  
Adrian Cottam ◽  
Yao-Jan Wu ◽  
Yangsheng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Trip Purpose ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Hybrid Data ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Data Source ◽  
High Level

Trip purpose information plays a significant role in transportation systems. Existing trip purpose information is traditionally collected through human observation. This manual process requires many personnel and a large amount of resources. Because of this high cost, automated trip purpose estimation is more attractive from a data-driven perspective, as it could improve the efficiency of processes and save time. Therefore, a hybrid-data approach using taxi operations data and point-of-interest (POI) data to estimate trip purposes was developed in this research. POI data, an emerging data source, was incorporated because it provides a wealth of additional information for trip purpose estimation. POI data, an open dataset, has the added benefit of being readily accessible from online platforms. Several techniques were developed and compared to incorporate this POI data into the hybrid-data approach to achieve a high level of accuracy. To evaluate the performance of the approach, data from Chengdu, China, were used. The results show that the incorporation of POI information increases the average accuracy of trip purpose estimation by 28% compared with trip purpose estimation not using the POI data. These results indicate that the additional trip attributes provided by POI data can increase the accuracy of trip purpose estimation.

A dynamic model for human thermal comfort for smart building applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-483
Author(s):  
Ghezlane Halhoul Merabet ◽  
Mohamed Essaaidi ◽  
Driss Benhaddou
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Local Quality ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Thermal comfort is closely related to the evaluation of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. It can be seen as the result of the perception of the occupants of a given environment, and it is the product of the interaction of a number of personal and environmental factors. Otherwise, comfort issues still do not play an important role in the daily operation of commercial buildings. However, in the workplace, local quality effects, in addition to the health, the productivity that has a significant impact on the performance of the activities. In this regard, researchers have conducted, for decades, investigations related to thermal comfort and indoor environments, which includes developing models and indices through experimentations to establish standards to evaluate comfort and factors and set-up parameters for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. However, to our best knowledge, most of the research work reported in the literature deals only with parameters that are not dynamically tracked. This work aims to propose a prototype for comfort measuring through a wireless sensor network and then presenting a model for thermal comfort prediction. The developed model can be used to set up a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system to meet the expected comfort level. In particular, the obtained results show that there is a strong correlation between users’ comfort and variables such as age, gender, and body mass index as a function of height and weight.

scholarly journals On Using Multiple Disabilities Profiles to Adapt Multimedia Documents

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-60
Author(s):  
Asma Saighi ◽  
Zakaria Laboudi ◽  
Philippe Roose ◽  
Sébastien Laborie ◽  
Nassira Ghoualmi-Zine
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Multimedia Content ◽  
Multimedia Documents ◽  
Physical Handicap ◽  
Multiple User ◽  
User Context ◽  
Adaptation Action ◽  
Context Constraints

Currently, advanced technological hardware can offer mobile devices which fits in the hand with a capacity to consult documents at anytime and anywhere. Multiple user context constraints as well as mobile device capabilities may involve the adaptation of multimedia content. In this article, the authors propose a new graph-based method for adapting multimedia documents in complex situations. Each contextual situation could correspond to a physical handicap and therefore triggers an adaptation action using ontological reasoning. Consequently, when several contextual situations are identified, this leads to multiple disabilities and may give rise to inconsistency between triggered actions. Their method allows modeling relations between adaptation-actions to select the compatible triggerable ones. In order to evaluate the feasibility and the performance of their proposal, an experimental study has been made on some real scenarios. When tested and compared with some existing approaches, their proposal showed improvements according to various criteria.

Derivation of Position-Probability Density for the Transient Nano-Tunnel Problem in SET

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheam-Chyun Lin ◽  
Hsien-Chang Shih ◽  
Fu-Sheng Chuang ◽  
Ming-Lun Tsai ◽  
Harki Apri Yanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probability Density ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Closed Form Solution ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Mathematical Operation ◽  
Similarity Parameter ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Position Probability ◽  
Good Agreement

This theoretical investigation intends to study the nano-tunnel problem of the single electron transistor (SET), which is one of the most important components in the nano-electronics industry. With a combined effort of quantum mechanics and similarity parameter, the partial differential equation of transient position-probability density is attained and can be applied to predict the electron’s position inside the nano tunnel. Also, an appropriate set of the initial and the boundary conditions is set up in accordance to the actual electron behavior for solving this PDE of probability density function. Thereafter, a simple, closed-form solution for the probability density is obtained and expressed in terms of the error function for a new similarity variable η. Note that this analytic similarity solution is easy to perform the calculation and suitable for any further mathematical operation, such as the optimization applications. In addition, it is shown that these predications are reasonable and in good agreement to the physical meanings, which are evaluated from both microscopic and macroscopic viewpoints. In conclusions, this is an innovative approach by using the Schro¨dinger equation directly to solve the nano-tunnel problem. Moreover, with the aids of this analytic position-probability-density solution, it is illustrated that the free single electron in the SET’s tunnel can only appear at some specified regions, which are defined by a dimensionless parameter η within a range of 0 ≤ η ≤ 2. This result can be served as a valuable design reference for setting the practical manufacture requirement.

scholarly journals Molecular Dynamics Investigated by Temporally Two-Dimensional Coherent Raman Spectroscopy

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lau ◽  
M. Pfeiffer ◽  
V. Kozich ◽  
A. Kummrow
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Time Delays ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Raman Resonance ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Fast Relaxation ◽  
Coherent Raman ◽  
Set Up

A six-wave set-up is described to determine molecular dynamics in the condensed phase. Applying two independent time delays between excitation and probe pulses additional information on the dynamics should be obtainable. We show experimentally that such investigations can be carried out with noisy light having intensity fluctuations in the femtosecond region. As first result we found a fast relaxation time in neat nitrobenzene of 100 fs, becoming even faster in mixtures with low viscosity liquids. Switching on a Raman resonance yields a longer relaxation time, which could be explained by an additional contribution by that vibration.

The Stemmed, Indented Base Point, a Possible Horizon Marker

1953 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Lister
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Base Point ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Projectile Point ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Geographical Spread ◽  
Set Up

Has the time arrived when we can set up another horizon marker in the archaeology of western United States? An examination of the literature reveals that a projectile point which we will call the Stemmed, Indented Base Point may be so considered. This short note contains a compilation of but some of the references to this type of point in western United States and is written in hopes of stimulating comments and additional information. No attempt has been made to present an exhaustive distributional study of this artifact, but the accompanying chart lists some of its reported occurrences in order to point out its wide geographical spread as well as its estimated age and various terms by which it is known.

Predicting Equation of Transient Position-Probability Density for Nano-Tunnel Problem in SET

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 2570-2574
Author(s):  
Sheam Chyun Lin ◽  
Hsien Chang Shih
Keyword(s):  
Probability Density ◽  
Dimensionless Parameter ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Closed Form Solution ◽  
Form Solution ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Analytic Investigation ◽  
Similarity Parameter ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Position Probability

This analytic investigation intends to study the nano-tunnel problem of the single electron transistor (SET), which is the most important component in the nano-electronics industry. With a combined effort of quantum mechanics and similarity parameter, the PDE equation of transient position-probability density is attained and can be applied to predict the electron’s position inside the nano tunnel. Also, appropriate initial and the boundary conditions are set up in accordance to the actual electron behavior for solving this PDE of probability density function. Thereafter, a simple, closed-form solution for the probability density is obtained and expressed in terms of the error function for a new similarity variable η. In conclusions, this is an innovative approach by using the Schrödinger equation directly to solve the nano-tunnel problem. Moreover, with the aids of this analytic position-probability-density solution, it is illustrated that the free single electron in the SET’s tunnel can only appear at some specified regions, which are defined by a dimensionless parameter η within a range of 0≤η≤2. This result can be served as a valuable design reference for setting the practical manufacture requirement.

scholarly journals Long-term tracking of budding yeast cells in brightfield microscopy: CellStar and the Evaluation Platform

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (127) ◽  
pp. 20160705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Versari ◽  
Szymon Stoma ◽  
Kirill Batmanov ◽  
Artémis Llamosi ◽  
Filip Mroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Biology ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Community Effort ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Evaluation Platform

With the continuous expansion of single cell biology, the observation of the behaviour of individual cells over extended durations and with high accuracy has become a problem of central importance. Surprisingly, even for yeast cells that have relatively regular shapes, no solution has been proposed that reaches the high quality required for long-term experiments for segmentation and tracking (S&T) based on brightfield images. Here, we present CellStar , a tool chain designed to achieve good performance in long-term experiments. The key features are the use of a new variant of parametrized active rays for segmentation, a neighbourhood-preserving criterion for tracking, and the use of an iterative approach that incrementally improves S&T quality. A graphical user interface enables manual corrections of S&T errors and their use for the automated correction of other, related errors and for parameter learning. We created a benchmark dataset with manually analysed images and compared CellStar with six other tools, showing its high performance, notably in long-term tracking. As a community effort, we set up a website, the Yeast Image Toolkit, with the benchmark and the Evaluation Platform to gather this and additional information provided by others.

scholarly journals Assessing Egocentered Social Networks in formr: A Tutorial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa Marie Reins ◽  
Ruben C. Arslan ◽  
Tanja M. Gerlach
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Social Network Data ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
The People ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
Set Up

In psychological science, egocentered social networks are assessed to investigate the patterning and development of social relationships. In this approach, a focal individual is typically asked to report the people they interact with in specific contexts and to provide additional information on those interaction partners and the relationships with them. While egocentered social networks hold considerable promise to investigate various interesting questions from psychology and beyond, their implementation can be challenging. This tutorial provides researchers with detailed instructions on how to set up a study involving egocentered social networks online using the open-source software formr. By including a fully functional study template for the assessment of social networks and extensions to this design, we hope to equip researchers from different backgrounds with the tools necessary to collect social network data tailored to their research needs.

Utilization of Additional Information in Non-Parametric Tests

1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tathagata Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Single Sample ◽  
Sign Test ◽  
Sensitive Test ◽  
Sample Problem ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Single Sample Problem ◽  
Non Parametric

For the single sample problem of testing for location against one-sided alternatives under the non parametric set-up, the question of utilization of additional information is examined. Considering the case of the sign test it is shown that if suitable bounds to the ratio of the densities at the median and the known quantile are available it is possible to construct a more sensitive test by using a combination of the sign test statistic and the number of exceedances above the known quantile.

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