scholarly journals Measurement of Gas-Oil Two-Phase Flow Patterns by Using CNN Algorithm Based on Dual ECT Sensors with Venturi Tube

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoqun Xu ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Xinmeng Yang ◽  
Yi Li
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Venturi Tube ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Oil Gas

In modern society, the oil industry has become the foundation of the world economy, and how to efficiently extract oil is a pressing problem. Among them, the accurate measurement of oil-gas two-phase parameters is one of the bottlenecks in oil extraction technology. It is found that through the experiment the flow patterns of the oil-gas two-phase flow will change after passing through the venturi tube with the same flow rates. Under the different oil-gas flow rate, the change will be diverse. Being motivated by the above experiments, we use the dual ECT sensors to collect the capacitance values before and after the venturi tube, respectively. Additionally, we use the linear projection algorithm (LBP) algorithm to reconstruct the image of flow patterns. This paper discusses the relationship between the change of flow patterns and the flow rates. Furthermore, a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm is proposed to predict the oil flow rate, gas flow rate, and GVF (gas void fraction, especially referring to sectional gas fraction) of the two-phase flow. We use ElasticNet regression as the loss function to effectively avoid possible overfitting problems. In actual experiments, we compare the Typical-ECT-imaging-based-GVF algorithm and SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithm with CNN algorithm based on three different ECT datasets. Three different sets of ECT data are used to predict the gas flow rate, oil flow rate, and GVF, and they are respectively using the venturi front-based ECT data only, while using the venturi behind-based ECT data and using both these data.

Experimental, Numerical, and Statistical Investigation of Two Phase Flow in a Cylindrical Perforation Tunnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekhwaiter Abobaker ◽  
Abadelhalim Elsanoose ◽  
Mohammad Azizur Rahman ◽  
Faisal Khan ◽  
Amer Aborig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract Perforation is the final stage in well completion that helps to connect reservoir formations to wellbores during hydrocarbon production. The drilling perforation technique maximizes the reservoir productivity index by minimizing damage. This can be best accomplished by attaining a better understanding of fluid flows that occur in the near-wellbore region during oil and gas operations. The present work aims to enhance oil recovery by modelling a two-phase flow through the near-wellbore region, thereby expanding industry knowledge about well performance. An experimental procedure was conducted to investigate the behavior of two-phase flow through a cylindrical perforation tunnel. Statistical analysis was coupled with numerical simulation to expand the investigation of fluid flow in the near-wellbore region that cannot be obtained experimentally. The statistical analysis investigated the effect of several parameters, including the liquid and gas flow rate, liquid viscosity, permeability, and porosity, on the injection build-up pressure and the time needed to reach a steady-state flow condition. Design-Expert® Design of Experiments (DoE) software was used to determine the numerical simulation runs using the ANOVA analysis with a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) model and ANSYS-FLUENT was used to analyses the numerical simulation of the porous media tunnel by applying the volume of fluid method (VOF). The experimental data were validated to the numerical results, and the comparison of results was in good agreement. The numerical and statistical analysis demonstrated each investigated parameter’s effect. The permeability, flow rate, and viscosity of the liquid significantly affect the injection pressure build-up profile, and porosity and gas flow rate substantially affect the time required to attain steady-state conditions. In addition, two correlations obtained from the statistical analysis can be used to predict the injection build-up pressure and the required time to reach steady state for different scenarios. This work will contribute to the clarification and understanding of the behavior of multiphase flow in the near-wellbore region.

scholarly journals Development of Gas Flow Rate Measurement Technique in Intermittent Two-Phase Flow in a Complex Channel

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Kiyora IWAKAMI ◽  
Yuzo INOUE ◽  
Akiko KANEKO ◽  
Yutaka ABE ◽  
Mitsuaki SAKAI
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rate Measurement ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Complex Channel

Wet Gas Flow Metering Based on Differential Pressure and BSS Techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 4922-4927
Author(s):  
Peng Xia Xu ◽  
Yan Feng Geng
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Wet Gas

Wet gas flow is a typical two-phase flow with low liquid fractions. As differential pressure signal contains rich information of flow parameters in two-phase flow metering, a new method is proposed for wet gas flow metering based on differential pressure (DP) and blind source separation (BSS) techniques. DP signals are from a couple of slotted orifices and the BSS method is based on time-frequency analysis. A good relationship between the liquid flow rate and the characteristic quantity of the separated signal is established, and a differential pressure correlation for slotted orifice is applied to calculate the gas flow rate. The calculation results are good with 90% relative errors less than ±10%. The results also show that BSS is an effective method to extract liquid flow rate from DP signals of wet gas flow, and to analysis different interactions among the total DP readings.

Visualization Study on Two-Phase Flow Behaviors in the Gas-Liquid-Solid Microreactor for Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Feng ◽  
Xun Zhu ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Qiang Liao
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Microchannel Reactor ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Modified Surface

In this study, visualization study on the gas-liquid two phase flow characteristics in a gas-liquid-solid microchannel reactor was carried out. Palladium nanocatalyst was coated onto the polydopamine functionalized surface of the microchannel through eletroless deposition. The materials characterization results indicated that palladium nanocatalyst were well dispersed on the modified surface. The effects of both the gas and liquid flow rates as well as inlet nitrobenzene concentration on the two-phase flow characteristics were studied. The experimental results revealed that owing to the chemical reaction inside the microreactor, the gas slug length gradually decreased along the flow direction. For a given inlet nitrobenzene concentration, increasing the liquid flow rate or decreasing the gas flow rate would make the variation of the gas slug length more obvious. High inlet nitrobenzene concentration would intensify both the nitrobenzene transfer efficiency and gas reactants consumption, and thereby the flow pattern in the microchannel was transferred from Taylor flow into bubble flow. Besides, the effect of both flow rate and original nitrobenzene concentration on the variation of nitrobenzene conversion and the desired product aniline yield were also discussed.

Numerical Investigation of Two-Phase Flow in 45 Degrees “Y” Junctions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Chacon ◽  
Carlos Moreno ◽  
Miguel Arbej ◽  
Miguel Asuaje
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Energy ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Oil Gas

Frequently, Two-phase flow occurs in petroleum industry. It takes place on production and transportation of oil and natural gas. Initially, the most common patterns for vertical flow are Bubble, Slug, Churn and Annular Flow. Then, for horizontal flow, the most common patterns are Stratified Smooth, Stratified Wavy, Elongated Bubble, Slug, Annular, Wavy Annular and Dispersed Bubble Flow. It is also known that after separation, each fluid is carried through pipes, so oil is moved long distances. However, as it is known, the oil energy diminishes on the way. For that reason, it is needed a pumping station for keeping the oil flow energy high for proper movement. Additionally, that fluid is transported through a network, so fittings are present, like elbows, “T” and “Y” junctions, and others. As known, on a piping network, the losses can be classified in two groups: large and localized. The former consists on losses due to wall roughness-fluid interaction. The latter is related with fittings. This study is focused on 45° “Y” junctions. The main purpose of this study is to simulate the fluid flow on a 45° “Y” junction, using a 0.1143 m diameter 2 m length pipe, in which a 0.0603 m diameter 1 m length pipe confluences, using oil-gas as the working fluid, considering Dispersed Bubble Pattern. It can be attributed a “K” flow loss coefficient for each path, from each entry to the exit of the junction. For the Two-Phase Flow, it was supposed a horizontal Dispersed Bubble Pattern, which takes place at very high liquid flow rates. So the liquid phase is the continuous phase, in which the gas phase is dispersed as discrete bubbles. Particularly three API Grades were considered for the oil, corresponding to three main types of continuous phase. For the numerical model, it was generated several non-structured grids for validation, using water as a fluid. Then the simulations were carried out, using non-homogenous model, with oil and gas, changing the gas void fraction, and the superficial velocities for gas and liquid. A commercial package was used for numerical calculations. It was encountered that changing the value of the referred variables, in some cases the exit pressure of the “Y” junction diminishes. For validation of the results, a literature model was used for comparing both “K” loss coefficients: numerically and from the bibliography. It is important to highlight that these results, permit to analyze a way of diminishing the fluid energy losses in a Two-Phase oil-gas piping network, particularly in 45° “Y” junctions which represents economically saving.

Modeling Oscillatory Behavior of ESP Wells Under Two-Phase Flow Conditions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinaldo Antonio de Melo Vieira ◽  
Mauricio Gargaglione Prado
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Oscillatory Behavior ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Operational Conditions

The effect of free gas on the Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) performance is well known. At a constant rotational speed and constant liquid flowrate, small amount of gas causes a mild head reduction when compared to the single phase liquid head. However, at higher gas rates, a drastic reduction in the head is observed. This critical condition, known as surging point, is a combination of liquid and gas flow rates that cause a maximum in the head performance curve. The first derivative of the head with respect to the liquid flow rate change sign as the liquid flow rate crosses the surging point. In several works on ESP two-phase flow performance, production conditions to the left of the surging region are described or reported as unstable operational conditions. This paper reviews basic concepts on stability of dynamical systems and shows through simulation that ESP oscillatory behavior may result from two-phase flow conditions. A specific drift flux computation code was developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of ESP wells producing without packer.

Investigation of two-phase flow pattern, liquid holdup and pressure drop in viscous oil–gas flow

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 37-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatef A. Khaledi ◽  
Ivar Eskerud Smith ◽  
Tor Erling Unander ◽  
Jan Nossen
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Liquid Holdup ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Viscous Oil ◽  
Oil Gas

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Two-Phase Flow Patterns in a Vertical to Horizontal Bend Pipe Using Wire-Mesh Sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Lokman A. Abdulkareem ◽  
Veyan A. Musa ◽  
Raid A. Mahmood ◽  
Ezideen A. Hasso
Keyword(s):  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Horizontal Pipe ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
High Range

The air-water two-phase flow plays an important role in many applications of industry fields. Usually, a 90-degree bend is used to connect pipes for changing the direction of flow which influences the two-phase flow pattern. In this paper, the effect of 90-degree bend under different ranges of gas and liquid superficial velocities on the two-phase flow patterns in the horizontal pipe located after the bend was experimentally investigated, and then results were presented and compared in a two-phase flow pattern map. Also, tomographic images and probability density functions were used to capture the cross-section void fraction and its distribution for the two-phase flow patterns. The results revealed that at low liquid and gas flow rates, a stratified-wavy flow pattern was observed as a dominant flow pattern. While the wavy-annular and semiannular flow patterns were observed at a high range of gas flow rates in the horizontal pipe. The results also showed that at the high range of liquid flow rate, bubbly, plug, slug, stratified-wavy, and wavy-annular flow patterns were observed in the horizontal pipe when the gas flow increased. The tomographic images and probability density functions gave good agreement with the experimental observations and results.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Flow Behavior within a Venturi Scrubber

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. M. Toledo-Melchor ◽  
C. del C. Gutiérrez-Torres ◽  
J. A. Jiménez-Bernal ◽  
J. G. Barbosa-Saldaña ◽  
S. A. Martínez-Delgadillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Venturi Scrubber

The present work details the three-dimensional numerical simulation of single-phase and two-phase flow (air-water) in a venturi scrubber with an inlet and throat diameters of 250 and 122.5 mm, respectively. The dimensions and operating parameters correspond to industrial applications. The mass flow rate conditions were 0.483 kg/s, 0.736 kg/s, 0.861 kg/s, and 0.987 kg/s for the gas only simulation; the mass flow rate for the liquid was 0.013 kg/s and 0.038 kg/s. The gas flow was simulated in five geometries with different converging and diverging angles while the two-phase flow was only simulated for one geometry. The results obtained were validated with experimental data obtained by other researchers. The results show that the pressure drop depends significantly on the gas flow rate and that water flow rate does not have significant effects neither on the pressure drop nor on the fluid maximum velocity within the scrubber.

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