scholarly journals Experimental Validation of an Inductive System for Magnesium Level Detection in a Titanium Reduction Reactor

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6798
Author(s):  
Nico Krauter ◽  
Sven Eckert ◽  
Thomas Gundrum ◽  
Frank Stefani ◽  
Thomas Wondrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Experiment ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Titanium Sponge ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Metal Production ◽  
Inductive System ◽  
Inductive Methods ◽  
Practical Feasibility

In order to precisely determine the magnesium level in a titanium reduction retort by inductive methods, many interfering influences have to be considered. By using a look-up-table method, the magnesium level can be reliably identified by taking into account the interfering effects of the titanium sponge rings forming at the walls with their unknown geometrical and electrical parameters. This new method uses a combination of numerical simulations and measurements, whereby the simulation model is calibrated so that it represents the experimental setup as closely as possible. Previously, purely theoretical studies on this method were presented. Here, the practical feasibility of that method is demonstrated by performing measurements on a model experiment. The method is not limited to the production of titanium but can also be applied to other applications in metal production and processing.

Influence of Lubricant Inlet Film Thickness on Elastohydrodynamically Lubricated Contact Starvation

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kostal ◽  
Petr Sperka ◽  
Petr Svoboda ◽  
Ivan Krupka ◽  
Martin Hartl
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Point Contacts ◽  
Lubricated Contact ◽  
Side Flow

The paper deals with an experimental study of an elastohydrodynamic contact under insufficient lubricant supply. Theoretical studies published in this research area focus mainly on the development of theoretical models, and there is a lack of experimental validation of the theoretical models. This paper presents original experimental results and aims to describe the starvation severity level as a function of the inlet film thickness and contact geometry. Experimental data are compared with an analytical model for point contacts published by Chevalier. The study was also extended to elliptical contacts to achieve a comparison with the different parameters of the side-flow resistance used by Damiens. Both models agree well with the experiments.

scholarly journals A Review on Theoretical Studies of Optical and Electrical Parameters Values of Thin films

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayeshamariam A ◽  
Karunanithy M ◽  
Thirumamagal R ◽  
Nivetha S ◽  
Kavin MM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Electrical Parameters

Experimental Validation of Neo-Hookean Fiber Reinforced Elastic Solids

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veysel Erel ◽  
Mingliang Jiang ◽  
Michael R. Moreno ◽  
Alan D. Freed
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Elastic Solids ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Experimental Validations ◽  
Plane Deformations

There have been various theoretical studies done on anisotropic neo-Hookean models; however, there have been limited experimental validations of these theories. In this study, a silicone/silicone laminate with a fiber volume fraction of 18% has been parameterized. Conventional neo-Hookean models have been modified for compressible in-plane deformations. Two-dimensional deformation limitations and a compressible constraint have been discussed. Material parameters have been calculated for three different anisotropic, neo-Hookean models from the literature.

scholarly journals Multi-frequency inductive system for magnesium level detection in a titanium reduction reactor

2018 ◽  
Vol 424 ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
N. Krauter ◽  
F. Stefani ◽  
T. Gundrum ◽  
T. Wondrak ◽  
P. Frick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Inductive System

scholarly journals Permukiman Liar (Squatter Settlement) Di Jalur Kereta Api Kota Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Mohammad Agung Ridlo
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Vacant Land ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Low Incomes ◽  
Inductive Methods ◽  
Squatter Settlement ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

 AbstraCtSquatter settlement is increasingly spreading in various urban corners of Indonesia, including in Semarang Metropolitan City. The reality of existing squatter settlements invaded vacant land, unpreserved and lacked (no) supervision from landowners, eventually forming slum enclaves, one of which was on the railway line in Semarang City. Railways should not be allowed to be used as residential areas. The squatter settlement is inhabited by people on low incomes (economically incapable). Research methods are conducted in a qualitative scriptive way, through empirical observation, interactively, with inductive methods. The approach of the room system is carried out to interpret circum citizen activity related to the request or zoning.Meanwhile, theoretical studies were conducted to help identify and analyze in this study. This research illustrates that squatter settlement occurs in addition to the retardation and poverty experienced by citizens, also due to the inability of the government and its apparatus in terms of supervision (Uncontrolled). Therefore, space arrangement is required (including planning, coaching, implementation, supervision and control).Keywords: squatter settlement, railway AbstrakSquatter settlement makin merebak di berbagai sudut perkotaan di Indonesia, termasuk di Kota Semarang Metropolitan. Realita yang ada squatter settlement merebak menginvasi lahan-lahan kosong, tidak terpelihara dan kurang (tidak ada) pengawasan dari pemilik lahan,  akhirnya membentuk enclave-enclave kumuh, salah satunya di jalur kereta api di Kota Semarang. Jalur kereta api semestinya tidak diperkenankan untuk dijadikan sebagai kawasan permukiman. Squatter settlement tersebut dihuni oleh orang-orang yang berpenghasilan rendah (tidak mampu secara ekonomi). Metode Penelitian dilakukan secara diskriptif kualitatif,  melalui observasi empirik, interaktif, dengan metoda induktif. Pendekatan sistem keruangan dilakukan untuk menginterpretasikan circum aktivitas warga kaitannya dengan permintakatan atau zoningnya. Sedangkan kajian teoritis dilakukan untuk membantu mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa squatter settlement terjadi selain masih adanya keterbelakangan dan kemiskinan yang dialami oleh warga, juga dikarenakan ketidakmampuan pemerintah dan aparatnya dalam dalam hal pengawasan (Uncontrolled). Karenanya, diperlukan adanya penataan ruang (meliputi perencanaan, pembinaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan dan pengendalian).Kata Kunci: squatter settlement, jalur kereta api

Inductive System for Reliable Magnesium Level Detection in a Titanium Reduction Reactor

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 2089-2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Krauter ◽  
Sven Eckert ◽  
Thomas Gundrum ◽  
Frank Stefani ◽  
Thomas Wondrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Inductive System

scholarly journals In Loop Design of the Coils and the Electromagnetic Shielding Elements for the Wireless Charging Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6661
Author(s):  
Michal Frivaldsky ◽  
Miroslav Pavelek
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Electromagnetic Shielding ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Loop Design

This paper deals with in loop design of coupling elements of the wireless charging systems (WChS). The in-loop design is created as a script/User Interface (UI) in MATLAB environment, which is based on finite element models of WChS. Main aim of developed tool is to easily identify the optimal geometrical parameters of the coupling coils. The optimization of the coil’s geometrical and electrical parameters is specified by an algorithm, which is based on definition for transfer of required amount of power and on geometrical restrictions of the target application. The second part of the proposed script/UI is used for user guided design of the electromagnetic shielding. It enables to optimize the shielding parameters in order to reach the limits defined by international standards for safety levels with respect to human exposure. Proposed design methodology together with user interface have been verified though experimental validation. For this purpose, construction of WChS was realized based on the results from in loop design process. Comparisons have been made according to the evaluation of simulation model´s accuracy, that is, the values of self-inductances, mutual inductances, coupling coefficient and gain characteristics have been evaluated (simulations vs. experiments). At the end of the paper the evaluation of the shielding performance was realized, while once more the comparison between simulation and experiments have been made. Received results are showing less than 2% of the relative error. Using presented methodology, the fast optimization actions can be done during design and modelling of WChS.

All-round robustness of the Mn19 coordination cluster system: experimental validation of a theoretical prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (44) ◽  
pp. 5847-5850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayuk M. Ako ◽  
Yanhua Lan ◽  
Oliver Hampe ◽  
Eduard Cremades ◽  
Eliseo Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Spin State ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Cluster System ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Ground Spin State ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies

Experimental and theoretical studies confirm that the maximum possible ground spin state of ST = 83/2 for the Mn19 aggregate is insensitive to replacement of its eight μ3-N3 ligands by μ3-Cl, μ3-Br, μ3-OH or μ3-OMe.

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