scholarly journals Environmental Monitoring of the Littoral Zone of Lake Baikal Using a Network of Automatic Hydro-Meteorological Stations: Development and Trial Run

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7659
Author(s):  
Mikhail Makarov ◽  
Ilya Aslamov ◽  
Ruslan Gnatovsky
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Natural Territory

An automatic hydro-meteorological station (AHMS) was designed to monitor the littoral zone of Lake Baikal in areas with high anthropogenic pressure. The developed AHMS was installed near the Bolshiye Koty settlement (southern basin). This AHMS is the first experience focused on obtaining the necessary competencies for the development of a monitoring network of the Baikal natural territory. To increase the flexibility of adjustment and repeatability, we developed AHMS as a low-cost modular system. AHMS is equipped with a weather station and sensors measuring water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, conductivity, chlorophyll-a, and turbidity. This article describes the main AHMS functions (hardware and software) and measures taken to ensure data quality control. We present the results of the first two periods of its operation. The data acquired during this periods have demonstrated that, to obtain accurate measurements and to detect and correct errors that were mainly due to biofouling of the sensors and calibration bias, a correlation between AHMS and laboratory studies is necessary for parameters such as pH and chlorophyll-a. The gained experience should become the basis for the further development of the monitoring network of the Baikal natural territory.

Development and testing of autonomous water quality monitoring system in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Aslamov ◽  
Mikhail Makarov ◽  
Ruslan Gnatovsky ◽  
Maxim Chernyshov ◽  
Konstantin Kucher
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Online Monitoring ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Data Centre ◽  
Limnological Institute ◽  
Natural Territory

<p>Currently, shipborne observations using CTD-type instruments are the main method for studying the hydrological characteristics of Lake Baikal. They provide episodic information about the spatial distribution of temperature, mineralization and dissolved oxygen over the depth of the lake but do not provide detailed information about their temporal variability. As a rule, hydrochemical parameters are measured even more pointwise because they require sampling and subsequent analysis. To study spatiotemporal variability of ecosystem characteristics in more detail, it is necessary to combine shipborne observations with long-term measurements at coastal stations or develop a network of abyssal buoy stations equipped with various hydrophysical instruments.</p><p>The first step in this direction was the development and implementation of an automated hydrometeorological station at Limnological Institute SB RAS to organize online monitoring of hydrophysical, hydrochemical and meteorological parameters in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. The developed station is based on an AAQ177 Rinko water quality profiler (JFE Advantech, Japan) and water level sensor developed at Limnological Institute SB RAS. Meteorological parameters are measured with a set of Vantage Pro 2 sensors (Davis Instruments, USA). The environmental parameters measured every 10 seconds are transmitted in real time via wireless communication channels to a remote Internet server. Functionally, this server is a data collection and data processing centre (data centre). Tasks of the data centre include receiving data from the network of monitoring stations, primary processing, storage and provision of the access through the WEB page.</p><p>The monitoring station was installed at the pier of Limnological Institute SB RAS in the Bolshiye Koty settlement in August 2020. The obtained comparatively high-frequency and quasi-continuous measurements of the indicated parameters allowed us for the first time to trace in detail their daily and monthly variations during the summer-winter transition period. A comparative analysis of the obtained data with the results of parallel chemical analyses of the daily samples revealed their good agreement. In general, it is noteworthy that the set of measured parameters of develop station is sufficient to assess water quality and track its changes over time.</p><p>The development of systems for online monitoring of water balance parameters, such as water temperature, solar irradiance, wind regime, chemical and biogenic elements, etc., can provide additional information to understand the causes of the recent ecological transformation of the littoral zone of Lake Baikal. Thus, we will be able to switch from discrete/one-time observations to quasi-continuous ones, which will significantly improve the forecasting of natural and anthropogenic phenomena that are hazardous for the residents and ecosystem of the Baikal natural territory, and will form the basis for the development of the solutions for their prevention or mitigation.         </p><p>The work was supported by the grant No. 075-15-2020-787 in the form of a subsidy for a Major scientific project from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia (project "Fundamentals, methods and technologies for digital monitoring and forecasting of the environmental situation on the Baikal natural territory").</p>

Structural Changes in Phytoplankton of the Littoral Zone of Lake Baikal

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Bondarenko ◽  
N. F. Logacheva
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Structural Changes

Prevailing Species of Bacillariophyta of the Littoral Zone of Lake Baikal (Russia)

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Sherbakova ◽  
G. V. Pomazkina
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Littoral Zone

INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC PRESSURE ON WATER BODIES IN THE LAKE BAIKAL BASIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Ulzetueva ◽  
Bair Gomboev ◽  
Daba Zhamyanov ◽  
Valentin Batomunkuev ◽  
Zorikto Banzaraktsaev
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Linear Network ◽  
Baikal Basin ◽  
Discharge Water ◽  
Lake Baikal Basin ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The integrated assessment of the ecological state of the main rivers of the lake Baikal basin - Verkhnyaya Angara, Tyya, Barguzin, Selenga, Snezhnaya, Bolshaya Rechka, Khilok, Chikoy is based on the assessment of the variability of the basin system under the influence of two groups of indicators: 1) Direct (immediate) impact - the volume of water intake and wastewater discharge, water use and sequential water supply. Assessment of the impact on the state of the above-listed rivers basins from wastewater was performed using the algorithm proposed by A. Korolev et al. (2007). 2) Indirect (mediate) impact - indicators of areal and linear-network impacts on the catchment area. Based on the calculation of the integral anthropogenic pressure on the territory of the above-listed river basins, only the Selenga river experiences an “average” anthropogenic load. On the territory of most river basins, the anthropogenic load is “lowered” and “low”.

Composition, biomass, and photosynthetic activity of the benthic algal communities in a littoral zone of Lake Baikal in summer

Limnology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nozaki ◽  
H. Morino ◽  
H. Munehara ◽  
V. G. Sideleva ◽  
K. Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Algal Communities

scholarly journals H2020 project CAPTOR dataset: raw data collected by low-cost MOX ozone sensors in a real air pollution monitoring network.

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107127
Author(s):  
Jose M. Barcelo-Ordinas ◽  
Pau Ferrer-Cid ◽  
Jorge Garcia-Vidal ◽  
Mar Viana ◽  
Ana Ripoll
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Air Pollution Monitoring

scholarly journals Urban Air Quality Modeling Using Low-Cost Sensor Network and Data Assimilation in the Aburrá Valley, Colombia

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Santiago Lopez-Restrepo ◽  
Andres Yarce ◽  
Nicolás Pinel ◽  
O.L. Quintero ◽  
Arjo Segers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
High Quality

The use of low air quality networks has been increasing in recent years to study urban pollution dynamics. Here we show the evaluation of the operational Aburrá Valley’s low-cost network against the official monitoring network. The results show that the PM2.5 low-cost measurements are very close to those observed by the official network. Additionally, the low-cost allows a higher spatial representation of the concentrations across the valley. We integrate low-cost observations with the chemical transport model Long Term Ozone Simulation-European Operational Smog (LOTOS-EUROS) using data assimilation. Two different configurations of the low-cost network were assimilated: using the whole low-cost network (255 sensors), and a high-quality selection using just the sensors with a correlation factor greater than 0.8 with respect to the official network (115 sensors). The official stations were also assimilated to compare the more dense low-cost network’s impact on the model performance. Both simulations assimilating the low-cost model outperform the model without assimilation and assimilating the official network. The capability to issue warnings for pollution events is also improved by assimilating the low-cost network with respect to the other simulations. Finally, the simulation using the high-quality configuration has lower error values than using the complete low-cost network, showing that it is essential to consider the quality and location and not just the total number of sensors. Our results suggest that with the current advance in low-cost sensors, it is possible to improve model performance with low-cost network data assimilation.

scholarly journals Simultaneously Regulating Uniform Zn2+ Flux and Electron Conduction by MOF/rGO Interlayers for High-Performance Zn Anodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziqi Wang ◽  
Liubing Dong ◽  
Weiyuan Huang ◽  
Hao Jia ◽  
Qinghe Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Electron Conduction ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Further Development

AbstractOwing to the merits of low cost, high safety and environmental benignity, rechargeable aqueous Zn-based batteries (ZBs) have gained tremendous attention in recent years. Nevertheless, the poor reversibility of Zn anodes that originates from dendrite growth, surface passivation and corrosion, severely hinders the further development of ZBs. To tackle these issues, here we report a Janus separator based on a Zn-ion conductive metal–organic framework (MOF) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which is able to regulate uniform Zn2+ flux and electron conduction simultaneously during battery operation. Facilitated by the MOF/rGO bifunctional interlayers, the Zn anodes demonstrate stable plating/stripping behavior (over 500 h at 1 mA cm−2), high Coulombic efficiency (99.2% at 2 mA cm−2 after 100 cycles) and reduced redox barrier. Moreover, it is also found that the Zn corrosion can be effectively retarded through diminishing the potential discrepancy on Zn surface. Such a separator engineering also saliently promotes the overall performance of Zn|MnO2 full cells, which deliver nearly 100% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 4 A g−1 and high power density over 10 kW kg−1. This work provides a feasible route to the high-performance Zn anodes for ZBs.

scholarly journals A Proposal of a Motion Measurement System to Support Visually Impaired People in Rehabilitation Using Low-Cost Inertial Sensors

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 848
Author(s):  
Karla Miriam Reyes Leiva ◽  
Milagros Jaén-Vargas ◽  
Miguel Ángel Cuba ◽  
Sergio Sánchez Lara ◽  
José Javier Serrano Olmedo
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Impaired Person ◽  
Further Development

The rehabilitation of a visually impaired person (VIP) is a systematic process where the person is provided with tools that allow them to deal with the impairment to achieve personal autonomy and independence, such as training for the use of the long cane as a tool for orientation and mobility (O&M). This process must be trained personally by specialists, leading to a limitation of human, technological and structural resources in some regions, especially those with economical narrow circumstances. A system to obtain information about the motion of the long cane and the leg using low-cost inertial sensors was developed to provide an overview of quantitative parameters such as sweeping coverage and gait analysis, that are currently visually analyzed during rehabilitation. The system was tested with 10 blindfolded volunteers in laboratory conditions following constant contact, two points touch, and three points touch travel techniques. The results indicate that the quantification system is reliable for measuring grip rotation, safety zone, sweeping amplitude and hand position using orientation angles with an accuracy of around 97.62%. However, a new method or an improvement of hardware must be developed to improve gait parameters’ measurements, since the step length measurement presented a mean accuracy of 94.62%. The system requires further development to be used as an aid in the rehabilitation process of the VIP. Now, it is a simple and low-cost technological aid that has the potential to improve the current practice of O&M.

scholarly journals Recent Developments of Antimony-Based Anodes for Sodium- and Potassium-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bochao Chen ◽  
Ming Liang ◽  
Qingzhao Wu ◽  
Shan Zhu ◽  
Naiqin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Weak Charge ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

AbstractThe development of sodium-ion (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) has increased rapidly because of the abundant resources and cost-effectiveness of Na and K. Antimony (Sb) plays an important role in SIBs and PIBs because of its high theoretical capacity, proper working voltage, and low cost. However, Sb-based anodes have the drawbacks of large volume changes and weak charge transfer during the charge and discharge processes, thus leading to poor cycling and rapid capacity decay. To address such drawbacks, many strategies and a variety of Sb-based materials have been developed in recent years. This review systematically introduces the recent research progress of a variety of Sb-based anodes for SIBs and PIBs from the perspective of composition selection, preparation technologies, structural characteristics, and energy storage behaviors. Moreover, corresponding examples are presented to illustrate the advantages or disadvantages of these anodes. Finally, we summarize the challenges of the development of Sb-based materials for Na/K-ion batteries and propose potential research directions for their further development.

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