scholarly journals A Method for Behavior Change Support by Controlling Psychological Effects on Walking Motivation Caused by Step Count Log Competition System

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8016
Author(s):  
Kyosuke Futami ◽  
Tsutomu Terada ◽  
Masahiko Tsukamoto
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Information Presentation ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Potential Abuse ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
Information Pattern ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Behavior Change Support

Systems presenting information that encourages competition by using rankings and scores (hereafter referred to as competition information) have become widespread to support behavioral change. However, users without high levels of motivation, such as behavior change support targets, do not necessarily benefit from competition information. In this study, we propose a method to control the psychological effects caused by competition information to support behavior change. We implemented a competition information presentation system using step counts logs to support increasing one’s daily steps. We designed two patterns of competition information considering psychological effects. One is likely to have good effects, using three mechanisms to easily obtain results corresponding to the effort, make closely matched rivals with similar abilities, and pay attention to a small number of rivals. The other is unlikely to have positive effects and may potentially even have negative ones, using a mechanism that brings about the opposite results of the former pattern. We evaluated 42 participants with low levels of motivation over six weeks. The results showed that the former information pattern increased participants’ step counts by about 1000 steps per day, and the latter information pattern did not lead to an increase. We confirmed the feasibility of the proposed method and discussed the possibility of the appropriate use and potential abuse of such techniques for manipulating motivation. Our study can be helpful in designing a competition information presentation system considering psychological effects.

scholarly journals Potential and effects of personalizing gameful fitness applications using behavior change intentions and Hexad user types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Altmeyer ◽  
Pascal Lessel ◽  
Subhashini Jantwal ◽  
Linda Muller ◽  
Florian Daiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Relevant Domain

AbstractPersonalizing gameful applications is essential to account for interpersonal differences in the perception of gameful design elements. Considering that an increasing number of people lead sedentary lifestyles, using personalized gameful applications to encourage physical activity is a particularly relevant domain. In this article, we investigate behavior change intentions and Hexad user types as factors to personalize gameful fitness applications. We first explored the potential of these two factors by analyzing differences in the perceived persuasiveness of gameful design elements using a storyboards-based online study ($$N=178$$ N = 178 ). Our results show several significant effects regarding both factors and thus support the usefulness of them in explaining perceptual differences. Based on these findings, we implemented “Endless Universe,” a personalized gameful application encouraging physical activity on a treadmill. We used the system in a laboratory study ($$N=20$$ N = 20 ) to study actual effects of personalization on the users’ performance, enjoyment and affective experiences. While we did not find effects on the immediate performance of users, positive effects on user experience-related measures were found. The results of this study support the relevance of behavior change intentions and Hexad user types for personalizing gameful fitness systems further.

Psychological Effects of Caffeine on Players Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Sajjad Ali Gill ◽  
Komal Shahbaz ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Tahir Nazeer
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Primary Effect ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Attention Level

The present study conducted to check the effects of caffeine on players performance through survey research. A caffeine-based 20 Statements (questionnaire) filed to the players, who were regular consumers of caffeine. 20 statements mentioned related to the positive effects of caffeine. Most of the players, who addicted to take caffeine on regularly basis approved all statements which showed that caffeine could affect the athlete's performance. The majority athletes agreed that caffeine enhanced their concentration, alertness and attention level. The primary effect of caffeine on vigilance granted by most of the players. Caffeine can enhance the working capacity of players by increasing their vigilances. Results show that caffeine helped them to train longer and harder which showed its benefits between male and female athletes, especially in off-season training periodization.

scholarly journals Potassium-magnesium Imbalance Causes Detrimental Effects on Growth, Starch Allocation and Rubisco Activity in Sugarcane Plants 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariani Garcia ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
Ciro Antonio Rosolem ◽  
João William Bossolani ◽  
Carlos Antonio Costa Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rubisco Activity ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
High K ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract While there is abundant literature on the antagonistic interaction between potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) during root uptake and transport, there is, however, little published data on the interaction between these nutrients within tissue, especially for sugarcane plants having high demand for K and Mg. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the interactions between K and Mg on growth, starch partitioning, and activity of Rubisco. Plants were grown under controlled greenhouse conditions in nutrient solution with increasing K application rates at low and adequate Mg treatments. Magnesium adequate plants contained much higher amount of starch in roots, stalks and young leaves than the low Mg plants when K applications were at low levels. By contrast, there was a high accumulation of starch in the source leaves of the Mg deficient plants. Magnesium deficiency was also associated with significant decreases in Rubisco activity in leaves. Our results show clearly that high K rates interfere significantly with the positive effects of Mg on plant growth, Rubisco activity and starch accumulation in sink organs such as roots and stalks. It is obvious that the imbalance between K and Mg nutrition in sugarcane may result in important consequences in sugar yield.

scholarly journals Wanneer bevordert en wanneer hindert werkdruk het werkplekleren?

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Van Ruysseveldt ◽  
Marius van Dijke
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Learning ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Learning Hypothesis ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship

When does workload promote workplace learning opportunities, and when does workload hinder workplace learning opportunities? When does workload promote workplace learning opportunities, and when does workload hinder workplace learning opportunities? Building on theoretical frameworks like the Job Demands Control model we tested whether the relationship between workload and employees’ experiences of opportunities for workplace learning is of an inverted u-shaped nature. Furthermore we researched whether autonomy moderates this relationship. We predicted that at moderate levels of autonomy rising workload was associated with increasing learning opportunities at low levels of workload, but with decreasing learning opportunities at high levels of workload. Also, we predicted that low autonomy prevents positive effects of moderate workload from materializing whereas high autonomy makes high workload less destructive to the learning process. We found support for these ideas in a large and heterogeneous sample of Flemish working adults (FWM, 2010). These results integrate conflicting prior findings and extend Karasek’s (1979) active learning hypothesis. They also have clear implications for job redesign practices aiming to promote workplace learning opportunities.

An Examination of the Activity Patterns of Elementary School Children

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D. Vincent ◽  
Robert P. Pangrazi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Meaningful Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Steps Per Day

Research has suggested a trend of decreasing activity with age necessitating a renewed emphasis on promoting physical activity for children. The purpose of this study was to assess current physical activity levels of children and to establish initial standards for comparison in determining appropriate activity levels of children based on pedometer counts. Children, 6–12 years old (N = 711), wore sealed pedometers for 4 consecutive days. Mean step counts ranged from 10,479–11,274 and 12300–13989 for girls and boys respectively. Factorial ANOVA found a significant difference between sex (F = 90.16, p < .01) but not among age (F = 0.78, p = .587). Great individual variability existed among children of the same sex. Further analysis found significant differences among children of the same sex above the 80th percentile and below the 20th percentile. A reasonable activity standard might be approximately 11,000 and 13,000 steps per day for girls and boys respectively, although further discussion of this is warranted. The descriptive nature of this study provides insights into the activity patterns of children and the mean step counts for boys and girls at each age can serve as a preliminary guide for determining meaningful activity levels for children based on pedometer counts.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Step Counts and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Japanese Men

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 3584-3591
Author(s):  
Mohammad Moniruzzaman ◽  
Aya Kadota ◽  
Hiroyoshi Segawa ◽  
Keiko Kondo ◽  
Sayuki Torii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Microbleeds ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Lacunar Infarcts ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Steps Per Day

Background and Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common subclinical feature of the aging brain. Steps per day may contribute to its prevention. We herein investigated the association between step counts and CSVD in a healthy Japanese male population. Methods: We analyzed data from 680 men who were free of stroke and participated in this observational study. Seven-day step counts were assessed at baseline (2006–2008) using a pedometer. CSVD was assessed at follow-ups (2012–2015) based on deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), periventricular hyperintensities, lacunar infarcts, and cerebral microbleeds on magnetic resonance imaging. Using a logistic regression analysis, we computed the adjusted odds ratios, with 95% CIs, of prevalent CSVD according to quartiles of step counts (reference: Q1). We also investigated the association between step counts and WMH volumes using a quantile regression. Results: Steps per day were significantly associated with lower odds ratios, with the lowest at Q3 (8175–10 614 steps/day), of higher (versus low or no burden) deep and subcortical WMHs (odds ratio, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.30–0.89]), periventricular hyperintensities (0.50 [95% CI, 0.29–0.86]), and lacunar infarcts (0.52 [95% CI, 0.30–0.91]) compared with Q1 (≤6060 steps/day) but not cerebral microbleeds. An inverse linear association was observed between step counts and WMH volumes. These associations were independent of age and smoking and drinking status and remained consistent when adjusted for vascular risk factors. Conclusions: We found a J-shaped relationship between step counts and prevalent CSVD in healthy Japanese men, with the lowest risk being observed among participants with ≈8000 to 10 000 steps/day. Higher steps were also associated with lower WMH volumes.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Pedometer Step Counts and Estimated VO2Max as Determined by a Submaximal Fitness Test in Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Lubans ◽  
Philip J. Morgan ◽  
Robin Callister ◽  
Clare E. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Submaximal Exercise Test ◽  
High Fitness ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between pedometer step counts and estimated VO2max as determined by a submaximal exercise test. Participants (N = 115; 65 girls, 50 boys) wore pedometers for five days and completed the Queen’s College Step Test (QCST). Based on these results participants were classified as HIGH, MOD, or LOW cardiorespiratory fitness. Boys accumulated more steps per day (p < .05) than girls (12,766 ± 4,923 versus 10,887 ± 2,656). The relationship between estimated VO2max and mean steps/day was moderate (r = .34, p < .01). Participants classified as having HIGH fitness levels accumulated more steps/day than LOW-fit adolescents (p < .05). The results from this study suggest that estimated VO2max as determined by a submaximal exercise test is moderately associated with mean steps/day in adolescents.

Measuring Children’s Activity Levels: The Association Between Step-Counts and Activity Time

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Beighle ◽  
Robert P. Pangrazi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Steps Per Day

Background:The primary purpose of this study was to describe the association between activity time and step counts in children.Methods:Subjects were 590 students (334 girls, 256 boys) with each gender having a mean age of 9.2 ± 1.8 y. All subjects wore the Walk4Life 2505 pedometer for four consecutive weekdays. This pedometer simultaneously measures both step counts and activity time.Results:Boys accumulated significantly more minutes of activity time/day (140.9 ± 39.6 vs. 126.3 ± 38.1), steps/day (13,348 ± 4131 vs. 11,702 ± 3923), and steps per min (93.99 ± 5.8 vs. 91.85 ± 5.8) than girls (P < 0.001) Steps/day was a significant predictor of activity time/day (P < 0.0001).Conclusions:Boys accumulate more steps per day and more activity time per day than girls. There is a strong association between steps per day and activity time in children. Daily steps per minute as a measure of free living physical activity in children is explored

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