scholarly journals The Effect of Values and Secularism on Attitude towards Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis of Embryos

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziella Di Marco ◽  
Zira Hichy ◽  
Sharon Coen ◽  
Noelia Rodriguez-Espartal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
High Order ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship

In this study we tested the associations of four high-order values (openness to change, self-transcendence, conservation, and self-enhancement, devised according to Schwartz’s model) and secularism of state with individuals’ attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis of embryos. Moreover, we tested the mediating effects of secularism of state on the relationship between values and attitude towards this issue related to embryos. Participants were 289 Spaniards who completed a questionnaire. Results showed that attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis was negatively affected by conservation and positively by self-transcendence. Moreover, results indicated that attitude towards a secular state positively correlates with attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. Finally, results showed that secularism mediated the effects of conservation and self-transcendence, but not the effect of openness to change and self-enhancement on attitude towards pre-implantation genetic diagnosis. Taken together, results of this study suggest that people adopting values emphasizing the defence of the tradition reject pre-implantation genetic diagnosis because they want state laws to represent religious traditional values; on the other hand, people endorsing values emphasising the welfare of all accept pre-implantation genetic diagnosis because they want state laws to be free from religious values.

Influences on the intention to buy organic food in an emerging market

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 858-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Wagner Mainardes ◽  
Diana Von Borell de Araujo ◽  
Sarah Lasso ◽  
Daniel Modenesi Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Intention To Purchase ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between personal values and attitudes in an emerging market. And the authors verified whether the attitude plays a mediating role between personal values and the intention to purchase these products in the same market. Design/methodology/approach Two surveys were conducted with consumers of organic food in Brazil. The first study was conducted at two organic products fairs and obtained 385 responses. The second study was conducted on the internet and obtained 270 responses. The Portrait Values Questionnaire 21, plus attitude scales and purchase intent regarding organic food, was used. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Findings Significant relationships were found between personal values, such as openness to change (positive influence), conservation (positive), self-promotion (positive) and self-transcendence (negative). Significant relationships were also found between three personal values and the purchase intention of organic food (conservation – positive, self-promotion – positive and self-transcendence – negative), with all of them being mediated by attitude. The effect of openness to change on purchase intention was indirect, being mediated by attitude. Originality/value The authors noticed two theoretical gaps. The first involves the need to explore the attitude as a mediator in the relationship between the human values proposed by Schwartz (1992, 1994) and the intention to purchase organic food. Another perceived gap was pointed out by Steenkamp et al. (1999), Burgess and Steenkamp (2006) and Sheth (2011). These authors argue that consumption is different in emerging markets to that in more mature markets. This limits the ability to generalise consumer studies conducted in developed countries. This reasoning also applies to organic food.

scholarly journals Values Influence Public Acceptability of Geoengineering Technologies Via Self-Identities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4591
Author(s):  
Andrew B. Moynihan ◽  
Geertje Schuitema
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Public Acceptability ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Specific Technology

Values are important antecedents of how people view themselves, known as self-identities. Self-identities differ in their content and the importance that people attach to them. In turn, important self-identities promote attitudes that are compatible with a sense of who one is. This paper builds on existing work that highlights that self-identities explained the relationship between values and environmental judgments. This study incorporates a broader range of values (i.e., conservatism, openness to change, self-transcendence, self-enhancement) and self-identities (i.e., environmental, economic, political) and tests how they are related to acceptability of four geoengineering technologies. Whilst support was found for the overall model, the results also show that technology acceptability is context dependent. That is, which specific values and self-identities explain acceptability judgements depends on the specific technology that is evaluated. In general, an environmental self-identity related more to geothermal energy, an economic self-identity was most relevant to geotechnical engineering, and a political self-identity to nuclear power. Each self-identity seemed relevant to mining. This research contributes to the literature by applying this framework to acceptability of geoengineering technologies and discusses practical implications.

scholarly journals What are Young People in Russia Proud and Ashamed of? The Role of Basic Personal Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
A.N. Nevryuev ◽  
O.A. Sychev ◽  
I.R. Sarieva
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Value Differences ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Youth Study ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. Analysis of the relationship between the reasons for pride and shame of the country among young people with different value orientations in Russia. Background. In the last decade, there has been a certain trend towards disagreement in society on key issues of the cultural and political agenda. As a rule, the split is associated with value differences between generations, but differences in values themselves in one generation are not considered. This paper will analyze what causes feelings of pride and shame and how this relates to the values of one of the age categories — youth. Study design. The data obtained as a result of the survey were analyzed using factor and correlation analysis, as well as multidimensional scaling. The structure of reasons for pride and shame among Russian youth is presented, as well as the relationship of the obtained factors with different values. Participants. The sample consisted of 402 Russian students aged 17 to 25 (M=18.6; SD=1), of which 31% were men. Measurements. Russian-language abridged version of Sh. Schwartz’s questionnaire and modified statements about pride and shame from the research of the Levada Center (From 05.09.2016 Levada-Centre has been added to the registry of NPOs that are considered foreign agents). Results. It was found that the reasons for pride formed 4 factors, and the reasons for shame — 5. The resulting factors are differently linked with three values: conservation, openness to change and self-transcendence. The structure of factors and the relationship with values are discussed in detail in the article. Conclusions. The values of conservation, openness to change and self-transcendence are linked to which factors of reason for pride and shame of the country are relevant to young people.

scholarly journals Paradigma keilmuan Islam di perguruan tinggi

HUMANIKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-120
Author(s):  
Sun Choirol Ummah
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Relationship

Science and religion should be able to be completed even if they should be able to work together and complement each other. On the other hand, there is unease among scientists who consider that methodological tools in science cannot be applied in religious studies, or assume that religious values cannot help scientists find the truth. In this case, there are those who still view that both (science and religion) are single entities or positioned as isolated entities. The antithesis of both is seen in the interconnected entities model as a more advanced perspective that touches on the problem of approaches and methods and procedures. There are four typologies of the relationship between science and religion that often arise including; conflict, independence, dialogue and integration. The most recent typology that is widely used is the integration combined with interconnection. It is appropriate for universities in Indonesia to strive to get closer, integrate and connect between science and religion so that the values of life that are in the area of meaning (religion) and want to be achieved can be achieved. Sains dan agama selayaknya dapat dipersandingkan bahkan keduanya seyogyanya mampu bersinergi dan saling mengisi. Di sisi lain, ada kegamangan di antara para ilmuwan yang  menganggap bahwa perangkat metodologis dalam ilmu pengetahuan tidak bisa diterapkan dalam kajian keagamaan, atau menganggap bahwa nilai-nilai agama tidak bisa membantu para saintis untuk menemukan kebenarannya. Dalam hal ini ada yang masih memandang bahwa keduanya (ilmu dan agama) merupakan single entity atau diposisikan sebagai isolated entities. Antitesis keduanya terlihat pada model interconnected entities sebagai cara pandang yang lebih maju yang menyentuh persoalan pendekatan (approach) dan metode berfikir serta penelitian (process and procedure). Ada empat tipologi hubungan sains dan agama yang sering muncul diantaranya; konflik, independen, dialog, dan integrasi. Tipologi terkini yang banyak digunakan yakni integrasi yang dikombinasikan dengan interkoneksi. Selayaknya perguruan tinggi yang ada di Indonesia berupaya keras untuk mendekatkan, mengintegrasikan dan mengoneksikan antara sains dan agama sehingga  nilai-nilai kehidupan yang berada pada wilayah makna (agama) dan ingin dituju bisa tercapai.

scholarly journals Are value priorities related to dispositional optimism and resilience? A correlational study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Sagone ◽  
Maria Elvira De Caroli
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Value Priorities ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Orientation Test

The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between value priorities and two dispositional dimensions, optimism and resilience, in a sample of 307 healthy Sicilian adolescents (145 boys and 162 girls) aged from 14 to 18 years. We used the Portrait Values Questionnaire (Schwartz, 1992), the Resiliency Attitudes and Skills Profile (De Caroli & Sagone, 2014), and the Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier & Carver, 1992). Results indicate that the value priorities of self-enhancement and openness to change are positively related to optimism; self-transcendence is positively related to all dimensions of resilience; conservation is positively related to adaptability, control, and engagement; the value priorities of self-enhancement and openness to change are positively related to sense of humor, competence, and adaptability. Additionally, boys perceive themselves as more optimist, humoristic, competent, and adapted than girls, while girls are more engaged than boys; furthermore, boys judge as mainly important the values of self-enhancement and openness to change, while girls judge as mostly important the self-transcendence. Future researches will deep the relationships among these three constructs in young adults and the elderly. Keywords: resilience; value orientations; optimism; adolescence.

scholarly journals Compensation Preferences: The Role of Personality and Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Julian ◽  
Onno Wijngaard ◽  
Reinout E. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Perceived Utility ◽  
Conservation Values ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The One

The present study investigated relations between personality and values on the one hand and compensation preferences on the other. We hypothesized that HEXACO Honesty-Humility and self-transcendence versus self-enhancement values predict preference for higher relative compensation level and that HEXACO Openness to Experience and openness to change versus conservation values predict preference for compensation variability. Furthermore, we expected perceived utility of money and risk aversion to mediate the respective relations. The hypotheses were tested using a sample of 2,210 employees from a large international organization. The results provided support for the direct and mediated relations between personality and values on the one hand and preferences for compensation variability and level on the other.

Part 4 Intersection of Freedom of Religion or Belief with Other Human Rights, 4.2 Right to Life, Right to Liberty

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bielefeldt Heiner, Prof ◽  
Ghanea Nazila, Dr ◽  
Wiener Michael, Dr
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
The Other ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moral Convictions

The dominant concerns of this chapter relate to two aspects of the relationship between ‘religion’ and the ‘right to life’. One is the need to ensure that nobody is denied the right to life on grounds of their religion or belief (this being directly related to freedom of religion or belief), and the other is that nobody should be denied the right to life in the name of religion or belief. At the same time, the chapter also considers the broader horizon of multifaceted issues that are often considered relevant to life and religion. Issues such as religious values relating to the importance of life, and religious positions on abortion and on the death penalty are discussed in order to illustrate that, although not per se falling within freedom of religion or belief, they can be rendered relevant for the practice of freedom of religion or belief, depending on religious or moral convictions which people lay claim to.

scholarly journals Self-centeredness and selflessness: happiness correlates and mediating psychological processes

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dambrun
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Heterogeneous Samples ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship

The main objective of this research was to test central assumptions from the Self-centeredness/Selflessness Happiness Model. According to this model, while self-centered psychological functioning induces fluctuating happiness, authentic–durable happiness results from selflessness. Distinct mediating processes are supposed to account for these relationships: afflictive affects (e.g., anger, fear, jealousy, frustration) in the case of the former, and both emotional stability and feelings of harmony in the case of the latter. We tested these hypotheses in two studies based on heterogeneous samples of citizens (n = 547). Factor analyses revealed that self-centeredness (assessed through egocentrism and materialism) and selflessness (assessed through self-transcendence and connectedness to other) were two distinct psychological constructs. Second, while self-centeredness was positively and significantly related to fluctuating happiness, selflessness was positively and significantly related to authentic–durable happiness. Finally, distinct psychological processes mediated these relationships (study 2). On one hand, the relationship between self-centeredness and fluctuating happiness was fully mediated by afflictive affects. On the other hand, emotional stability and the feeling of being in harmony partially mediated the relation between selflessness and authentic–durable happiness.

scholarly journals Mediating effects of metabolic factors on the association between fruit or vegetable intake and cardiovascular disease: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e019620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Ah Lee ◽  
Dohee Lim ◽  
Kyungwon Oh ◽  
Eun Jung Kim ◽  
Hyesook Park
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveWe assessed the mediating effects of metabolic components on the relationship between fruit or vegetable intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD).DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThis study was conducted using data from the 2013–2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which is a national representative cross-sectional survey to assess health and nutritional status in the Korean population.Method and analysisA total of 9040 subjects (3555 males and 5485 females) aged ≥25 years were included in the study. Physician-diagnosed CVD via self-report was used as the outcome. Fruit or vegetable intake was measured via a dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and grouped into categories (<1 time/day, 1 time/day, 2 times/day and ≥3 times/day). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), cholesterol and fasting glucose were considered metabolic mediators, and the bootstrap method was used to assess mediating effect.ResultsAbout 1.8% of adults aged 25–64 years had CVD. According to the result of ‘process’ macro, the confounder-adjusted risk for CVD decreased by 14% (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.98) as fruit, but not vegetable, intake was increased by one unit per day. After additional adjustment for three metabolic factors simultaneously, the OR was attenuated to 0.89 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.03). This result indicates that the indirect effect of three metabolic factors accounted for 21.4% of the relationship between fruit intake and CVD. SBP was a more important metabolic mediator than the other factors. The indirect effect by metabolic factors accounted for 30.0% when body mass index was additionally controlled as a mediator, and SBP still had an independent effect compared with the other mediators.ConclusionsOur results indicate that controlling SBP may lessen the CVD risk, and a diet rich in fruits can regulate SBP which, in turn, reduces CVD risk.

Dispositional awe and prosocial tendency: The mediating roles of selftranscendent meaning in life and spiritual self-transcendence

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rong-Mao Lin ◽  
You-Juan Hong ◽  
Hui-Wen Xiao ◽  
Rong Lian
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Spiritual Self ◽  
Transcendent Experience ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates

Dispositional awe is a self-transcendent experience that has been investigated in few empirical studies. We explored the mediating effects of both self-transcendent meaning in life and spiritual selftranscendence in the relationship between dispositional awe and prosocial tendency. Participants were 1,907 Chinese undergraduates. As predicted, self-transcendent meaning in life and spiritual selftranscendence mediated the relationship between dispositional awe and prosocial behavior. These findings not only demonstrate the mediating effect of self-transcendence on prosocial tendency, but also support dispositional awe as an element of self-transcendence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document