scholarly journals Effects of Low-Moderate Load High-Velocity Resistance Training on Physical Performance of Under-20 Futsal Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Marques ◽  
Bruno Travassos ◽  
António Sousa ◽  
Maria Gil ◽  
João Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Low Volume

Resistance training (RT) is an effective methodology to improve physical performance of athletes. However, up to now, no studies have addressed the RT benefits in under-20 futsal players. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of six weeks of RT with high-velocity movements, low-to-moderate loads, and low volume on physical performance of under-20 futsal players. A total of 21 players were divided into two groups: A control group (CG, n = 10) and a RT group (RTG, n = 11). The RTG performed two weekly training sessions constituted by leg-press, jumps, and sprints, along with three futsal training sessions, while the CG only performed the futsal training. Before and after the intervention, the sprint time in 0–10 m (T10), 10–20 m (T10–20), and 0–20 m (T20), the countermovement jump (CMJ) height, the T-Test time, the kicking ball speed (KBS), and the maximum dynamic strength in the leg-press, were assessed. In post-test, significant improvements in CMJ, T-Test, KBS, and leg-press were found for the RTG, whilst a significant decrease in T10–20 was evidenced in the CG. The present results suggested that RT based on high velocity movements, low-to-moderate loads, and low volume produce positive effects on physical performance of under-20 futsal players.

scholarly journals Functional and Muscle-Size Effects of Flywheel Resistance Training with Eccentric-Overload in Professional Handball Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Maroto-Izquierdo ◽  
David García-López ◽  
José A de Paz
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Eccentric Overload

AbstractThe aim of the study was to analyse the effects of 6 week (15 sessions) flywheel resistance training with eccentric-overload (FRTEO) on different functional and anatomical variables in professional handball players. Twenty-nine athletes were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (EXP, n = 15) carried out 15 sessions of FRTEO in the leg-press exercise, with 4 sets of 7 repetitions at a maximum-concentric effort. The control group (CON, n = 14) performed the same number of training sessions including 4 sets of 7 maximum repetitions (7RM) using a weight-stack leg-press machine. The results which were measured included maximal dynamic strength (1RM), muscle power at different submaximal loads (PO), vertical jump height (CMJ and SJ), 20 m sprint time (20 m), T-test time (T-test), and Vastus-Lateralis muscle (VL) thickness. The results of the EXP group showed a substantially better improvement (p < 0.05-0.001) in PO, CMJ, 20 m, T-test and VL, compared to the CON group. Moreover, athletes from the EXP group showed significant improvements concerning all the variables measured: 1RM (ES = 0.72), PO (ES = 0.42 - 0.83), CMJ (ES = 0.61), SJ (ES = 0.54), 20 m (ES = 1.45), T-test (ES = 1.44), and VL (ES = 0.63 - 1.64). Since handball requires repeated short, explosive effort such as accelerations and decelerations during sprints with changes of direction, these results suggest that FRTEO affects functional and anatomical changes in a way which improves performance in well-trained professional handball players.

The effects of pre-exhaustion, exercise order, and rest intervals in a full-body resistance training intervention

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Peter Fisher ◽  
Luke Carlson ◽  
James Steele ◽  
Dave Smith
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Different Order ◽  
Composition Changes ◽  
Full Body

Pre-exhaustion (PreEx) training is advocated on the principle that immediately preceding a compound exercise with an isolation exercise can target stronger muscles to pre-exhaust them to obtain greater adaptations in strength and size. However, research considering PreEx training method is limited. The present study looked to examine the effects of a PreEx training programme. Thirty-nine trained participants (male = 9, female = 30) completed 12 weeks of resistance training in 1 of 3 groups: a group that performed PreEx training (n = 14), a group that performed the same exercise order with a rest interval between exercises (n = 17), and a control group (n = 8) that performed the same exercises in a different order (compound exercises prior to isolation). No significant between-group effects were found for strength in chest press, leg press, or pull-down exercises, or for body composition changes. Magnitude of change was examined for outcomes also using effect size (ES). ESs for strength changes were considered large for each group for every exercise (ranging 1.15 to 1.62). In conclusion, PreEx training offers no greater benefit to performing the same exercises with rest between them compared with exercises performed in an order that prioritises compound movements.

scholarly journals Effects of high-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1246-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bernat ◽  
Darren G. Candow ◽  
Karolina Gryzb ◽  
Sara Butchart ◽  
Brad J. Schoenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Body Strength

The purpose was to investigate the effects of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) and creatine supplementation in untrained healthy aging males. Participants were randomized to supplement with creatine (0.1 g·kg−1·day−1 of creatine + 0.1 g·kg−1·day−1 of maltodextrin) or placebo (0.2 g·kg−1·day−1 of maltodextrin) during 8 weeks of HVRT. Prior to and following HVRT and supplementation, assessments were made for muscle strength, muscle thickness, peak torque, and physical performance. There was a significant increase over time for all measures of muscle strength (p < 0.001), muscle thickness (p < 0.001), and some measures of peak torque (knee flexion; 1.05 and 3.14 rad/s; p < 0.001) and physical performance (balance board time-to-completion; p = 0.017). There was a group × time interaction for leg press strength (p = 0.044) and total lower-body strength (leg press, knee flexion, knee extension combined; p = 0.039). The creatine group experienced greater gains in leg press and total lower-body strength compared with the placebo group, with no other differences. HVRT increases muscle strength, muscle thickness, and some measures of peak torque and physical performance in untrained healthy aging males. The addition of creatine supplementation to HVRT further augments the gains in leg press and total lower-body strength. Novelty High-velocity resistance training increases muscle mass and performance. Creatine supplementation increases lower-body muscle strength. High-velocity resistance training and creatine supplementation are safe interventions for aging adults.

scholarly journals Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9533
Author(s):  
Jacopo Antonino Vitale ◽  
Matteo Bonato ◽  
Stefano Borghi ◽  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Domenico Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Older Subjects

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D’Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student’s t-test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired t-test. Results. Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, n = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, n = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, p = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, p = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, p = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected. Conclusions. The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.

scholarly journals Effects of 7-Week Hip Thrust Versus Back Squat Resistance Training on Performance in Adolescent Female Soccer Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime González-García ◽  
Esther Morencos ◽  
Carlos Balsalobre-Fernández ◽  
Ángel Cuéllar-Rayo ◽  
Blanca Romero-Moraleda
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
T Test ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Hip Extension

Hip thrust (HT) is a loaded bridging exercise that requires more hip extension than a back squat (SQ) does, while in a back squat, triple flex extension occurs. Due to the specificity of each exercise, it is claimed that HT gains can be better transferred to actions where hip extension occurs. In addition, strength improvements during squatting can be transferred in a greater way to vertical plane movement, such as vertical jumping. However, its effects on the performance of female soccer players are unclear. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to analyze a 7-week training program on performance variables using either HT or SQ exercises in female adolescent soccer players without lifting experience (N = 24, age = 16.82 ± 1.56 years, height = 1.64 ± 0.55 cm, body mass = 58.35 ± 6.28 kg). Players were randomized into three groups: A back squat group (SQG; N = 8), hip thrust group (HTG; N = 8), and control group (CG; N = 8). Participants in the HTG and SQG joined a progressive resistance training program twice per week for 7 weeks with either HT or SQ exercises. A countermovement jump, 10–20 m sprint, T-test, and barbell velocity during HTs and SQs (with the load that represents ~60 and ~80% RM) were measured before and after the intervention. The HTG showed greater improvements in the 10-m sprint (d = 0.7), 20-m sprint (d = 0.46), T-test (d = 0.36), and barbell velocity at 80% repetition maximal (RM) (d = 0.53) and 60% RM (d = 1.02) during hip thrusts, while the SQG showed higher barbell velocity at 80% RM (d = −0.7) during back squats. These results may be useful for strength and conditioning coaches working with adolescent female soccer athletes, since both strengthening exercises improved performance in different ways due to the nature of the exercise.

International Ballroom Dancing Against Neurodegeneration: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Greek Community-Dwelling Elders With Mild Cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioulietta Lazarou ◽  
Themis Parastatidis ◽  
Anthoula Tsolaki ◽  
Mara Gkioka ◽  
Anastasios Karakostas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Control

Background: Many studies have highlighted the positive effects of dance in people with neurodegenerative diseases. Objectives: To explore the effects of International Ballroom Dancing on cognitive function in elders with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: One-hundred twenty-nine elderly patients with aMCI diagnosis (mean age 66.8 ± 10.1 years) were randomly assigned into 2 groups: intervention group (IG, n = 66) and control group (CG, n = 63). The IG exercised systematically for 10 months, and both groups were submitted to extensive neuropsychological assessment prior and after the 10-month period. Results: According to the independent sample t test at the follow-up, significant differences between groups were found in benefit of the IG while the CG showed worse performance in the majority of neuropsychological tests. According to the Student t test, better performance is detected in IG in contrast with CG, which had worse performance almost in all scales. Conclusion: Dance may be an important nonpharmacological approach that can benefit cognitive functions.

Substitution of parts of aerobic training by resistance training lowers fasting hyperglycemia in individuals with metabolic syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas ◽  
Juan Fernando Ortega ◽  
Felix Morales-Palomo ◽  
Miguel Ramirez-Jimenez ◽  
Laura Alvarez-Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Leg Press

We sought to determine the effects of substituting parts of aerobic training (AT) by resistance training (RT) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors. MetS patients (aged 56 ± 7 years; body mass index 33 ± 5 kg·m−2 and 3.9 ± 0.8 MetS factors) were randomized to undergo 1 of the following isocaloric, 16-week long exercise programs: (i) cycling 4 bouts of 4-min at 90% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) followed by 3 sets of 12 repetitions of 3 lower limb free-weight exercises (high-intensity interval training (HIIT)+RT group; n = 33), (ii) cycling 5 bouts of 4 min at 90% of HRmax (HIIT+HIIT group; n = 33), or (iii) no exercise control group (n = 21). We measured the evolution of all 5 MetS components (z score), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), leg strength and power (leg press 1-repetition maximum (1RM) and countermovement jump (CMJ)), fasting blood glucose (FG), fasting insulin, and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment 2). Both training groups improved maximal oxygen uptake similarly (170 ± 310 and 190 ± 210 mL O2·min−1; P < 0.001) and z score (−0.12 ± 0.29 and −0.12 ± 0.31 for HIIT+RT and HIIT+HIIT, respectively; P < 0.02). However, only HIIT+RT improved CMJ (P = 0.002) and leg press 1RM above the HIIT+HIIT group (21% vs 6%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, FG only decreased in the HIIT+RT group (5%; P = 0.026, time × group). Our findings suggest that substitution of part of HIIT by leg RT improves glucose control in MetS individuals. Novelty Most studies addressing the efficacy of endurance versus resistance training are not matched by energy expenditure. We found that substituting 20% of AT with RT reduces hyperglycemia in MetS individuals. Training recommendations to regain glycemic control in MetS individuals should include resistance training.

scholarly journals Mejora en pruebas de velocidad de nadador con diversidad funcional motriz (Improvement in swimmer speed tests with motorized functional diversity)

Retos ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Tito Octavio Usma Garzón ◽  
Javier Antonio Tamayo Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
The Right ◽  
Program Show

El objetivo fue crear y poner en práctica un programa de periodización inversa de bajo-volumen / alta-intensidad de entrenamiento de resistencia para potenciar tres cualidades físicas: fuerza, resistencia y velocidad, mediante ejercicios que se realicen dentro y fuera de la piscina. La investigación es un estudio de caso descriptivo, dirigido a un deportista de natación con discapacidad funcional motriz de 15 años de edad, que presenta agenesia en miembros superiores derecho e izquierdo y también una dismetría en miembro inferior derecho, más corto en 5 cm. Los resultados del programa muestran mejoras en los 4 tiempos evaluados en 100 metros, aumentos en la fuerza explosiva del salto de potencia y cambios en la composición corporal del deportista. La conclusión de la investigación fue que el programa de resistencia con periodización inversa demostró ser eficiente, y debe ser tenido en consideración para la planificación de trabajos en nadadores en situación de discapacidad donde el mayor progreso se obtuvo en el estilo crol, obteniendo una disminución en el tiempo de la prueba en 5.06 segundos.Abstract. The goal was to create and implement a low-volume / high-intensity resistance training periodization program to enhance three physical qualities: strength, endurance and speed, through exercises performed inside and outside of the pool. The research is a descriptive case study, aimed at a swimming athlete with 15 years of age functional motor disability who presents agenesis in the right and left upper limbs and also a dysmetria in the lower right limb, shorter in 5 cm. The results of the program show improvements in the 4 times evaluated in 100 meters, increases in the explosive power of the jump of power and changes in the corporal composition of the athlete. The conclusion of the research was that the inverse periodization resistance program proved to be efficient, and should be taken into account for the planning of work in swimmers in a situation of disability where the greatest progress was obtained in the crol style, obtained a decrease in test time in 5.06 seconds.

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