Events and Tourism Development within a Local Community: The Case of Winchester (UK)

Tourism as an industry has many kinds of impacts on destinations and their communities. The presence of tourism could create the conditions for an economic development but in the same way produce negative effect (crowding out) and externalities (the Janus-face character). Between the different actors inside the tourist destination, there are the local community which could endure the pressure of tourism. In some cases, this pressure reduces the wellbeing of the residents. The present research paper focuses on how activities like events and tourism impact on community well-being. Winchester (England), a Special Interest Tourism and Event (SITE), is used as a case study. The data are collected using an on-line interview and they are elaborated using multivariate techniques and ordinal regression analysis. The results of the study reveal a close relation between the level of happiness of the local residents and their perception of the tourism industry and event development. Local residents in Winchester are perceiving the tourism industry and events rather positively as they believe it supports their culture and the local economy and job in particular. Our first overall conclusion is that there is a relationship between the residents’ happiness and tourism/event perception. Moreover, our findings support what claimed by several scholars that tourism specialisation improves the residents quality of life (QOL). The present study has not shown the direction of the influence but according to previous research it is the level of happiness of the local residents that determines their perception of the tourism industry and event development and not the other way around. The second finding of the study reveals that SITE destinations have a high potential in terms of contributing to the local residents’ happiness and subsequently visitors. Our third and final conclusion is that, when the benefits of tourism and events are higher than the cost, local residents and are likely to be supportive of the activity.

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A Coproduction Community Based Approach to Reducing Smoking Prevalence in a Local Community Setting

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2016/5386534 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. J. McGeechan ◽

D. Woodall ◽

L. Anderson ◽

L. Wilson ◽

G. O’Neill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Prevalence ◽

Local Community ◽

Community Setting ◽

Well Being ◽

Service Development ◽

Local Health ◽

Small Community ◽

Prevalence Survey ◽

Local Residents ◽

Health And Well Being

Research highlights that asset-based community development where local residents become equal partners in service development may help promote health and well-being. This paper outlines baseline results of a coproduction evaluation of an asset-based approach to improving health and well-being within a small community through promoting tobacco control. Local residents were recruited and trained as community researchers to deliver a smoking prevalence survey within their local community and became local health champions, promoting health and well-being. The results of the survey will be used to inform health promotion activities within the community. The local smoking prevalence was higher than the regional and national averages. Half of the households surveyed had at least one smoker, and 63.1% of children lived in a smoking household. Nonsmokers reported higher well-being than smokers; however, the differences were not significant. Whilst the community has a high smoking prevalence, more than half of the smokers surveyed would consider quitting. Providing smoking cessation advice in GP surgeries may help reduce smoking prevalence in this community. Work in the area could be done to reduce children’s exposure to smoking in the home.

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Wildlife Use Versus Local Gain: The Reciprocity of Conservation and Wildlife Tourism in Zimbabwe

African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure ◽

10.46222/ajhtl.19770720-17 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 259-273

Author(s):

Talent Mudimba

Keyword(s):

Local Community ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Local Economy ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Wildlife Tourism ◽

Wildlife Use ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Local Residents ◽

The Cost ◽

Victoria Falls

This study examined wildlife use versus local community gain in Protected Areas of Victoria Falls – Zimbabwe. Specifically, the study explored the reciprocity of conservation and wildlife tourism in Victoria Falls to determine the cost-benefit of Human Wild Coexistence within conservation goals and local communities’ welfare paradigms. To fulfil the key objective, the study gathered data from 365 local residents, which was supplemented with interviews from key resource persons. The study found that host communities in PAs are substantially still marginalised, and this exclusionary approach has resulted in increased local residents’ negative attitudes towards conservation tourism, making them (locals) to view tourism as insignificant in their local economy mainstreams. Nonetheless, conservation tourism has the potential to develop sustainably in PAs if there are transparency, accountability and renewed cooperation among all the tourism stakeholders who are involved in the decision-making processes. Concepts that provide new directions for public policy for inclusive participation, environmental justice and sustainability are highly contested in the study.

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LOCAL RESIDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS CYCLING TOURISM IN THE UPPER DANUBE REGION (SERBIA)

TEME ◽

10.22190/teme181014062p ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 913

Author(s):

Vanja Pavluković ◽

Bojana Nikić ◽

Uglješa Stankov

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Community ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Tourism Impact ◽

Local Residents ◽

Danube Region ◽

The Republic ◽

Residents Attitudes

Cycling tourism is an important and growing niche tourism market in Europe. It can contribute to the sustainable development and branding of the tourist destination, the preservation of natural and cultural heritage, the development of other forms of tourism, the creation of the tourist offers and active inclusion of the local community in development of tourism. Cycling tourism is recognized in the strategic documents of the Republic of Serbia as one of the key tourist products that should be developed in the selected tourist destinations. As local community has an important role in tourism development, in this paper, TIAS scale (Tourism Impact Attitude Scale) was used to examine the local residents’ attitudes towards cycling tourism in the selected municipalities in the Upper Danube region through which Danube cycle route passes. It is the longest cycling corridor in Serbia, rich in natural and cultural heritage elements along its course, which is also part of one of the most popular European cycling routes, the EuroVelo 6. In addition, the effects of certain demographic variables on the residents’ attitudes were examined. The results of the research indicate that cycling tourism is in the initial phase of tourism development in the studied area, and that local residents are aware of its possible positive impacts, therefore providing support for cycling tourism development. The results will be most valuable in assisting local governments, destination management organizations, tourism policy creators and tourism practitioners to understand the local residents’ attitudes towards cycling tourism and to formulate strategies to effectively manage sustainable tourism development.

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REVITALIZATION AS A COMPONENT OF URBAN STRATEGY

Bulletin of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Economic Series ◽

10.26565/2311-2379-2020-99-07 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Urban Space ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Community ◽

Development Program ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Well Being ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

Development Strategies ◽

Local Economy ◽

Territorial Development

Revitalization is a key challenge of modern city that requires an integrated approach. This is not only the preservation of monuments, the reconstruction of old houses or fragments of urban space, but a process, that is characterized by comprehensiveness and long duration, the main purpose of which is primarily economic recovery combined with measures to address social and environmental problems. The task of this process is to guarantee the development of cities. Revitalization means the release of degraded (or depressed) areas from the crisis through projects that integrate actions for the well-being of the local community, space and local economy, territorially concentrated and carried out in cooperation with the local community.The elaboration of the legislation in the field of regional policy allowed to state that at present there are no strategic documents that would cover the development of cities and include the revitalization program as a component that should become the main axis of the whole strategy. The glossary proposed in the study defines the main terms of revitalization and outlines the difference between the revitalization program and the regional development program and can be used in the territorial development strategies. The success of the revitalization program requires high-quality legal tools, consolidation at the legislative level, which will clearly define the conditions for the creation of such programs, as well as guarantee funding for the revitalization program in accordance with the development strategies of the city or region. The revitalization program as a key component of the territorial development strategy should contain a specific goal, outline the scale of its implementation, give a detailed description of the tools and financial support, as well as have broad public discussions and the involvement of all stakeholders in the implementation of the program. To increase the effectiveness of revitalization programs it is necessary to improve legal regulation; ensure consistency of revitalization processes not only with development strategies, but also with spatial policy; create a set of financial instruments to provide local governments with diversified financial resources; to guarantee legal and financial security of revitalization measures.

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International experience of converting social capital of local communities into development of tourism sector

Урбанистика ◽

10.7256/2310-8673.2020.2.32710 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 115-123

Author(s):

Olga Vladimirovna Rogach

Keyword(s):

Social Capital ◽

Local Community ◽

Local Level ◽

Local Population ◽

International Experience ◽

Local Communities ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Local Residents

The subject of this research is the international practices of utilization of social capital of local communities for the purpose of development of tourism attractiveness of the territories. The object of this research is the social capital of local communities. The author explores such aspects of the topic as the development of tourism on the basis of local community, stimulation of social activism and communication between the locals, their ability to self-organization on the local level within the framework of international projects. Special attention is given to the risks and negative consequences for the local communities caused by tourism. The conclusions is made that the role of the representatives of local communities is considered as one of the key elements within the international practice of tourism development. This relates to the formation of tolerant and friendly tourism space for maintaining a “geographical myth”, which cannot be created without involvement of the local residents. Such process must be manageable for the authorities that ensure protection of local population from the sociocultural threats caused by tourists. International experience can be adapted in the Russian realities to some extent, however this process requires outworking of the corresponding mechanism of three-way interaction of the local government, business and local residents. The scientific novelty lies int the attempts of critical revaluation of the role of social capital of local communities at the time of transformation of tourism industry due to unfavorable epidemic situation.

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Perception of Tourism Impact and Support Tourism Development in Malaysia

10.20944/preprints201707.0071.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Asyraf Afthanorhan ◽

Zainudin Awang ◽

Sharifah Fazella

Keyword(s):

Social Exchange ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Social Exchange Theory ◽

Causal Effect ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Theory Model ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Tourism Impact ◽

Local Residents

Background: Tourism is one of the prominent industry that has a capability to generate handsome income for developed as well as developing countries. However, the study to investigate specifically the perception of local residents towards tourism is still lacking. The perception of the locals is important since it could determine the extent of their support for tourism development. Plus, previous research found that male residents are more support better towards the tourism development. Thus, this factor is adapted as well in this study to examine whether this gender may influence to the tourism industry. 2) Methods: This study used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique for determining the structural estimates between constructs. 3) Results: The respondents agree that positive perception, negative perception and tourism impact has a significant impact on support for tourism development in which has been recognized as Social Exchange Theory model. Moreover, the finding also revealed that gender has a potential to moderates the causal effect of tourism impact on tourism development. 4) Conclusion: The resident understand the tourism sector could strengthen economic nation but they also want the natural resources should be protected.

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Heritage Lost or Fortune Found: Issues and Dilemmas concerning Tourist Development within Local Communities

eTropic electronic journal of studies in the tropics ◽

10.25120/etropic.5.0.2006.3436 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Glenn Ross

Keyword(s):

Local Community ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Well Being ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Community Members ◽

The Past ◽

Shopping Centres ◽

Managed Change ◽

Local Residents ◽

Leisure Facilities

The past, for individuals and for communities, has a potent presence; it has, in no small measure, the power to shape perceptions of current well-being as well as optimism for the future. Major discontinuities as between the past and the present can occasion widespread and negative consequences in the life of many members of a community; this is particularly so if such changes are perceived as having been imposed without prior consultation and agreement. The severity of this situation is even further compounded if changes lead to a diminution or degradation of heritage and cultural environments within a community. For many community members, a profusion of shopping centres, of roads and highways and of leisure facilities can be no adequate replacements for the loss of their historical and cultural heritage; these typically constitute vital elements of their community and indeed individual identity. Nor can an increase in various types of employment adequately replace an abiding sense of personal well-being that frequently accompanies sensitive and competently-managed change, the hallmark of which would see the interests and rights of community members, both the powerful and the powerless, taken into account and not subordinated in the maximization of profit. Whilst tourism development is often widely regarded as heralding unalloyed riches to those communities in which it appears, this paper examines some of the more baleful effects upon heritage that have now been associated with unrestrained and insensitive tourism development. The paper presents issues found most problematic to many local residents; it then examines the historic precinct of Cannery Row in Monterey, noting some of the less desirable changes to heritage that have been occasioned by tourism development in recent years. Finally, suggestions are offered in regard to how local community members might be more empowered in their responses to future unrestrained negative developments affecting their local heritage.

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Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Implementation in Tourism Industry: A Comparative Study between Indonesia and Australia

Udayana Journal of Law and Culture ◽

10.24843/ujlc.2018.v02.i02.p03 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 165

Author(s):

Anak Agung Bagus Ngurah Agung Surya Putra ◽

Renee Sarah White ◽

Kadek Sarna

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Local Community ◽

Gradual Increase ◽

Well Being ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Local Communities ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

Corporate Social

The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been widely spread to developing countries. Most scholars argue that the CSR will give economic benefit to the local communities surrounding the company. Indonesia and Australia have adopted the concept of CSR into some legislation and regulations. When the laws of CSR were implemented in the field of tourism, some companies thought that they do not have any legal obligation to implement it. In practice, local communities have used CSR to demand the tourism industries to provide any social, cultural and economic facilities. This article is aimed at providing an analysis regarding the legal framework of Indonesian and Australian laws and regulations concerning CSR, particularly in Tourism Sector. In addition, it is intended to analyze how the implementation of CSR in tourism may strengthen the local communities. It is a normative legal research that primarily scrutinizes written official law and regulations as well as relevant court decisions regarding the issue of CSR, company, and tourism. It can be concluded that both Indonesia and Australia have regulated the concept of CSR very well as stipulated in official law and regulations. Regarding the implementation, by revolving within the scope of sustainable development concept as well as a gradual increase of tourism industries participation in CSR, the well-being of the local community will surely be improved.

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Creative Community Development. From urban design studio to international collaborative workshop

The Journal of Public Space ◽

10.5204/jps.v2i4.146 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Jarunee Pimonsathean

Keyword(s):

Community Development ◽

Urban Design ◽

Local Community ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Urban Regeneration ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Economy ◽

Design And Development ◽

Sustainable Living ◽

International Programme

Creative Community Development Workshop is a collaborative programme initiated from the two tiers of academic endeavours to achieve people’s involvement to foster cities in sustainable manner. The first tier is a regular programme from a studio subject in Urban Design and Development International Programme, Faculty of Architecture and Planning at Thammasat University, UD326 Urban Regeneration. The second tier is an annual international academic consortium event, established since 2009 upon the initiative of the Yokohama City University (YCU) called, “the International Academic Consortium for Sustainable Cities (IACSC)”. Focusing on urban planning, public health and environment as the major components of cities, the consortium endeavours to develop cooperation, foster dialogues and discussions, encourage sharing of information and resources and promote networking mainly in Asia on research and collaborative activities between academic and research institutions, and establish and strengthen the linkage between universities and the cities where they belong towards capacity building for a sustainable society. The workshop in 2017 on Creative Community Development was an activity under the 8th IACSC Symposium on “Well-being of Sustainable Living in Aging Population Era” which was hosted by Thammasat University at Rangsit Campus. The workshop was hosted by Urban Design and Development International Programme (UDDI) between 5-11 September 2017 at the Faculty of Architecture and Planning and on-site study area in Suan Yai Bang Kwang, Bang Kho Laem District, Bangkok, and conducted in a week session on the preliminary stage of community development study and regeneration proposal of the Urban Regeneration studio. The workshop participants included students, instructors and research assistants from four leading universities in Asia i.e. Japan, South Korea, Malaysia and Thailand. The aims of the workshop are to promote a mutual understanding among the international students, to enhance the students’ ability to propose planning scheme proposal in communicable manner, and, and to give an opportunity for students to work with and contribute to the local community the community development ideas towards livability and sustainability. The workshop was directed into three sections throughout 7 days, from the workshop commencement, field visit and survey, to group discussion and developing proposals to report to the consortium. Towards the students’ proposals on the study area regeneration, the final product of the work was presented at the workshop final event and debriefing, and at the poster session at the 8th IACSC General Assembly and Symposium in the end of the programme. The final proposals introducing urban regeneration into Suan Yai Bang Khwang ranged from enhancing mobility and accessibility, community betterment, housing development, and disaster prevention, connecting the residents and the main canal, boosting the local economy, improving the community development, tidying spaces and creating green space, to creating local street markets into the area.

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Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Impact on Community in National Parks in Serbia

European Countryside ◽

10.2478/euco-2019-0008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 124-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jovana Brankov ◽

Tamara Jojić Glavonjić ◽

Ana Milanović Pešić ◽

Marko D. Petrović ◽

Tatiana N. Tretiakova

Keyword(s):

National Parks ◽

Local Community ◽

Local Population ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Survey Method ◽

Tourism Impact ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Personal Involvement ◽

Education And Employment

Abstract The research involved a comparison of two case studies dealing with the perceptions of the local population to tourism. The effects and the control of tourism development were analyzed, as well as the availability of information on sustainable tourism and impact on the community in two national parks (NPs) in Serbia. The survey method was applied on a sample of 227 (NP Đerdap) and 210 (NP Tara) respondents. The survey results identified the strong positive perception of the presence of tourists among the two categories of respondents and also certain differences regarding economic benefits of tourism. Research also recognized a poor impact of tourism on the local community in terms of their knowledge and personal involvement. Education and employment in tourism industry were found to be strong factors affecting the residents’ perceptions. Some independent variables significantly predicted the level of local population’s support for tourism in both national parks (tourism impact on job creation, tourism impact on fostering a local culture, etc.). This comparative analysis provides inputs for directing future tourism programmes and devising a development policies adjusted to the needs of the local community.

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