scholarly journals Invented Communities and Social Vulnerability: The Local Post-Disaster Dynamics of Extreme Environmental Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Lidskog
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Event ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
Swedish History ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Empirical Material

This paper investigates post-disaster dynamics at the local level, in particular how local identity and social cohesion are affected after an extreme event. A particular case is investigated: the largest forest fire in modern Swedish history, which took place in 2014. The empirical material consists of interviews with forest professionals and organizations involved with the fire or the post-fire work and a postal survey to all people directly affected by the wildfire. The analysis finds that the experience of the wildfire and its social interpretation led to the invention of a particular community identity, one that strengthened the self-understanding of the community. Thus, the post-disaster dynamics are pivotal for what social practices that emerge and what local identities are invented and thus may greatly affect the capacity of a community to handle extreme events.

scholarly journals The Sister Village Program: Promoting Community Resilience after Merapi Eruption

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Vita Elysia ◽  
Ake Wihadanto
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Volcanic Eruption ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
The World ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Shed Light

Local Government of Magelang Regency initiates the Sister Village Program after Mount Merapi Eruption in 2010. The idea of this program is to connect villages at risk from Merapi eruption to partner villages with less risk in the surrounding regions. This program is part of post-disaster recovery initiatives at the local level which includes planned evacuation routes, shelters, provision of food and other daily essentials. This paper aims to shed light on the role of sister village program in promoting community resilience after the volcanic eruption of Merapi. It is found that the system of sister village program can fulfill many aspects of community resilience components. Considering Indonesia is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world, this program should be regarded as a good example to be replicated in other prone areas in the country.

scholarly journals THE PERCEPTION OF ADULT AND YOUNG ADULT STUDENTS ON THE RIVER RIO DOCE - CARTOGRAPHIES OF FEAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda de Melo Marques ◽  
Maria Celeste Reis Fernandes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Students ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Mental Maps ◽  
Work Loss ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Empirical Material

Abstract The article is part of a series of debates that are concerned with the effects of the socio-technical disaster caused by the Fundão dam collapse in the year 2015, which affected the river Rio Doce, and presents results of a study that sought to understand the perceptions of Adult and Young Adult Education (EJA) students about the river. The theoretical framework establishes a dialogue between EJA, Environmental Education, and the contributions of the geographer Yi-Fu Tuan. The empirical material was produced through mental maps and interviews. The results indicate that the subjects’ perceptions on the river are marked by cartographies of fear of environmental degradation, before the disaster and post-disaster, health concerns, household budget, and work loss. The conclusions point to the importance of providing further information about water to the population, and the effects of the disaster, which intensify social inequalities.

scholarly journals Integration of the Urban Local Bodies for Disaster Mitigation in Aizawl City

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Malsawmi Pachuau
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The People ◽  
Post Disaster

Local government plays an integral part in the mechanism of Disaster Management in Mizoram. The local bodies are the direct representatives of the local community and the local community places their full trust in them. Post disaster measures such as mock drills, training of search and rescue teams, physical and economic relief and rehabilitation are not something new to us, yet the aspect of disaster mitigation is something which has not bred familiarity among the Mizos. The need for sensitization of the public on the importance of Disaster Mitigation is a necessity. The saying ‘Earthquakes do not kill people; buildings do’ is pertinent in urban areas. Urban areas are congested and more prone to disasters. High rise buildings, squatter settlements due to high densities and low availability of land has endangered not just the lives of the public but has also caused a massive disturbance of the ecological system. The paper covers certain Acts and Regulations of the Aizawl Municipal Corporation dealing with structural mitigation and the detection of illegal construction, unsafe buildings, and encroachments on municipal and public properties. At the local level, the councillors are involved in making, unmaking and carrying out these rules and regulations, with direct bearing on the local people. The paper also gives an account of the need of reimplementation to generate awareness, knowledge and education on Disaster Management to the people of Mizoram.

scholarly journals Post-disaster social reconstruction and social development

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manohar Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Social Reconstruction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Post Disaster

The Asia-Pacific region has experienced major disasters, both natural and man-made, in the recent past. Hundreds of families and communities, and several governments, non-government organisations, international organisations and aid agencies have been engaged in relief, rebuilding and rehabilitation activities with varying degrees of effectiveness and success. This article aims to reflect on some of these post-disaster reconstruction experiences; exploring how a social development approach can be employed for the post-disaster social reconstruction; and suggest regional social policies and strategies for multi-stakeholder cooperation to effectively address post-disaster issues at the local level. Although efforts made by several agencies in very challenging contexts are commendable, there are few examples to show the application of the social development approach. By discussing the social development approach, the paper argues that the conscious use of such an approach facilitates a better planning and preparation for anticipated disasters, rehabilitation processes and the comprehensive development of disaster affected areas, including environmental and psycho-social issues. Towards this end, it underscores the role of regional social policies and multi-stake-holder cooperation. The discussion has implications for local and international communities, which are engaged in pre-planning and preparation for disasters and post-disaster reconstruction.

Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction for Sustainable Risk Reduction in Peru

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Pedro Ferradas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Structural Reinforcement ◽  
Local Risk ◽  
Housing Reconstruction ◽  
Post Disaster

Intermediate Technology Development Group (ITDG) recently completed the systematisation of their reconstruction projects which were implemented between the early 1990s and the year 2003 in the poor areas of Peru affected by disasters or internal war. Within these projects, technological housing reconstruction schemes were designed and validated as part of an effort to reduce the vulnerability of the affected population. 1,300 houses were built during 5 years; 600 houses between April 1992 and April 1994 and 700 houses between July 2001 and July 2003. The key factors for successful risk reduction identified during post-disaster reconstruction were: the location of reconstructed housing, the construction procedures and materials employed, the improvement of people's self-construction techniques, and the improvement of local risk-management skills. ITDG's first experience in Alto Mayo during the early 1990s involved participatory management at a local level and the use of the so-called improved “wattle and daub technology” (i.e. structural reinforcement of mud, wood and cane buildings). This technique is more earthquake-proof than the construction technology predominating in Peru (i.e. cement and iron-based structures). The experience in Ayacucho, which concluded in 2001, provided the opportunity to apply the so-called “improved adobe technique” (i.e. structural reinforcement of mud buildings), as well as to install community water supply systems. The reconstruction work in Moquegua and Tacna, completed in 2003, was based on the organisation of workshops geared towards encouraging the participation of women in the use of various housing construction technologies and providing the facilities for them to adapt such technologies to traditional architecture. This article highlights the ITDG approach and experiences to post-disaster reconstruction: the main activities carried out in preparation for and during the implementation of the projects, the lessons obtained during these experiences, and the monitoring and evaluation procedures recommended for future reconstruction projects.

Build back better concepts for resilient recovery: a case study of India’s 2018 flood recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Neeraj ◽  
Sandeeka Mannakkara ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose This paper aims to understand the recovery process after the 2018 floods in Kerala, India, and it determines whether the recovery efforts were aligned with Build Back Better (BBB) concepts. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach was adopted to collect the data from the officials of Government and NGOs involved in Kerala recovery. The participants were interviewed on the challenges faced during the recovery process and the actions taken by them to overcome it. Findings The study identified that the Kerala Government was proactive at making the community resilient from future disasters by – encouraging owner-driven reconstruction among flood-affected households; supporting locals to rejuvenate their business; and by creating a local-level recovery authority. Further, this paper identifies the areas that Kerala was lacking in terms of BBB and where resilience-based plans and actions are needed for the future. Research limitations/implications The participants were employees of Government and NGOs at a state level as they were the primary decision-makers to implement any recovery actions. Researchers believe that the authorities at district and village level could have had a different perspective towards implementing the recovery actions. Practical implications The best practices presented in this paper for effective BBB will assist the government to build/improve resilience in the community. Originality/value The implementation of BBB concepts in the areas of disaster risk reduction, community recovery and effective implementation was never studied extensively. The research provides valuable information on what extent Kerala’s post-disaster recovery and reconstruction activities were in-line with BBB practices.

When Croatia Needed Serbs: Nationalism and Genocide in Sarajevo, 1941-1942

Slavic Review ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Greble Balić
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
State Policies ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
World War ◽  
Independent State

While a central policy of the Independent State of Croatia during World War II called for the removal of “Serbs,” the majority of people who identified themselves (or were identified by the regime) as Serbs in Sarajevo—the second largest city in the state—remained “safe.” In order to understand why this was the case, Emily Greble Balic examines the interplay between local identity politics and state policies of genocide and nation-building. In so doing, she sheds light on such broad issues as the ambiguity of national identity at the local level; the limitations of traditional understandings of “resistance”; and the options open to members of the victim, or “foreign” group, as a result of the disjunction between national and local agendas.

Retail Regulation in England and Wales: The Results of a Survey

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1399-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Blomley
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Local Compliance

Debates on the Shops Act (1950), which regulates the hours and conditions of retail employment and operation in England and Wales, have largely occurred in ignorance of the realities of enforcement at local level. This paper, drawing upon a postal survey and official prosecution statistics, is an attempt to examine spatial, temporal, and sectoral variations in proceedings and offenders. The findings seem to reflect the breakdown in local compliance with the Act. This can be related to the major restructuring of some sectors of retail capital. It also seems that enforcement is locally specific. The Act, in other words, is not applied, but interpreted at local level in the light of place-specific conditions.

scholarly journals Post-disaster social reconstruction and social development

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manohar Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Social Reconstruction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Post Disaster

The Asia-Pacific region has experienced major disasters, both natural and man-made, in the recent past. Hundreds of families and communities, and several governments, non-government organisations, international organisations and aid agencies have been engaged in relief, rebuilding and rehabilitation activities with varying degrees of effectiveness and success. This article aims to reflect on some of these post-disaster reconstruction experiences; exploring how a social development approach can be employed for the post-disaster social reconstruction; and suggest regional social policies and strategies for multi-stakeholder cooperation to effectively address post-disaster issues at the local level. Although efforts made by several agencies in very challenging contexts are commendable, there are few examples to show the application of the social development approach. By discussing the social development approach, the paper argues that the conscious use of such an approach facilitates a better planning and preparation for anticipated disasters, rehabilitation processes and the comprehensive development of disaster affected areas, including environmental and psycho-social issues. Towards this end, it underscores the role of regional social policies and multi-stake-holder cooperation. The discussion has implications for local and international communities, which are engaged in pre-planning and preparation for disasters and post-disaster reconstruction.

scholarly journals Strengthening Halal Tourism Based on Prophetic Islamic Law through The Historical Social Inference of the Sasak, Samawa and Mbojo

2018 ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Nurjannah S ◽  
Rina Rohayu H ◽  
Khudzaifah Dimyati ◽  
Absori Absori
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Sociological Jurisprudence ◽  
Halal Food ◽  
Islamic Identity ◽  
The Government

The legal paradigm of halal tourism which is being built by the government West Nusa Tenggara Province is based on oriental characters, civilization, and culture with the main scheme to attract the world Muslim tourists. The development of legal paradigm of character-and-civilized-based tourism is important in order to establish local identity of a particular area, which is now declining. This paper aimed to discus legal concept of halal tourism based on Islamic prophetic through social historical inference of Sasak, Samawa, and Mbojo ethnic groups. This research used legal analysis method of sociological jurisprudence and prophetic legal method with integrated-interconnected approach through the procedure of social historical interference. The finding revealed there is a convergence of Islamic prophetic values and social historical values of Sasak, Samawa, and Mbojo reflected in the patterns of halal food, social relation, clothes, economy, and the like. Common philosophy of Sasak, Samawa, and Mbojo, that is “adat bersendi syara’, syara’ bersendi kitabullah” (tradition is based upon sharia, sharia is based upon the Book of Allah) supports the Islamic identity that has provided a foundation for the issuance of halal regulation and the accommodation of character and civilized based local identities through local friendly entities.

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