scholarly journals Future Impacts of Climate Change and Land Use on Multiple Ecosystem Services in a Rapidly Urbanizing Agricultural Basin, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jun Bi ◽  
Jianshu Lv
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Soil Retention ◽  
Nitrogen Purification

Ecosystem services (ESs) in rapidly urbanizing agricultural basins are vulnerable to environmental changes. Adequately understanding the driving forces and the dynamics of ESs related to water quantity and quality can provide a basis for making sound management decisions on the development of basins. Here, we explored the impacts of future land use and climate changes on four ESs: nitrogen and phosphorous purification, water supply, and soil retention services in the Taihu Basin region of eastern China. Spatially explicit methods, a cellular automata-Markov (CA-Markov) model and the delta downscaling method were used to quantify the ESs, simulate land use changes, and project future climate changes, respectively. We built a business-as-usual land use scenario, representative concentration pathways (RCPs) scenarios for climate change, as well as a combined land use and climate change scenario to analyze the changes in the drivers and the responses of ESs. The results showed the following: (1) future land use changes would significantly enhance the nitrogen purification service while reducing the phosphorus purification service compared to other services; (2) climate change would have substantial effects on water supply and soil retention, but these impacts would vary with different RCPs scenarios during three future periods; and (3) the combined scenarios of both drivers would obviously influence all ESs and lead to a nitrogen purification service that was different from the other three services. Moreover, the policy implications of the results were discussed. The findings can help guide the creation of policies for land structure and patterns, climate change adaptation, and ecosystem-based management to promote the sustainable development of watersheds at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Hydrological Responses to Climate and Land Use Changes in a Watershed of the Loess Plateau, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yan ◽  
Yanpeng Cai ◽  
Chunhui Li ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Lulc Change

This study researched the individual and combined impacts of future LULC and climate changes on water balance in the upper reaches of the Beiluo River basin on the Loess Plateau of China, using the scenarios of RCP4.5 and 8.5 of the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The climate data indicated that both precipitation and temperature increased at seasonal and annual scales from 2020 to 2050 under RCP4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The future land use changes were predicted through the CA-Markov model. The land use predictions of 2025, 2035, and 2045 indicated rising forest areas with decreased agricultural land and grassland. In this study, three scenarios including only LULC change, only climate change, and combined climate and LULC change were established. The SWAT model was calibrated, validated, and used to simulate the water balance under the three scenarios. The results showed that increased rainfall and temperature may lead to increased runoff, water yield, and ET in spring, summer, and autumn and to decreased runoff, water yield, and ET in winter from 2020 to 2050. However, LULC change, compared with climate change, may have a smaller impact on the water balance. On an annual scale, runoff and water yield may gradually decrease, but ET may increase. The combined effects of both LULC and climate changes on water balance in the future were similar to the variation trend of climate changes alone at both annual and seasonal scales. The results obtained in this study provide further insight into the availability of future streamflow and can aid in water resource management planning in the study area.

scholarly journals Application of SWAT model to Assess Land Use and Climate Changes Impacts on Hydrology of Nam Rom River Basin in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Son Ngo ◽  
Huong Hoang ◽  
Phuong Tran ◽  
Loc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Hydrological Process

Land use/land cover (LULC) and climate changes are two main factors directly affecting hydrologic conditions. However, very few studies in Vietnam have investigated changes in hydrological process under the impact of climate and land use changes on a basin scale. The objective of this study is to assess the individual and combined impacts of land use and climate changes on hydrological processes for the Nam Rom river basin, Northwestern Viet Nam using Remote Sensing (RS) and Soil and Water Assessment Tools (SWAT) model. SWAT model was used for hydrological process simulation. Results indicated that SWAT proved to be a powerful tool in simulating the impacts of land use and climate change on catchment hydrology. The change in historical land use between 1992 and 2015 strongly contributed to increasing hydrological processes (ET, percolation, ground water, and water yield), whereas, climate change led to significant decrease of all hydrological components. The combination of land use and climate changes significantly reduced surface runoff (-16.9%), ground water (-5.7%), water yield (-9.2%), and sediment load (-4.9%). Overall climatic changes had more significant effect on hydrological components than land use changes in the Nam Rom river basin during the 1992–2015. Under impacts of projected land use and climate change scenarios in 2030 on hydrological process of the upper Nam Rom river basin indicate that ET and surface flow are more sensitive to the changes in land use and climate in the future. In conclusion, the findings of this study will basic knowledge of the effects of climate and land-use changes on the hydrology for future development of integrated land use and water management practices in Nam Rom river basin.

Effects of climate change, land-use change, and invasive species on the ecology of the Cumberland forests

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia H. Dale ◽  
Karen O. Lannom ◽  
M. Lynn Tharp ◽  
Donald G. Hodges ◽  
Jonah Fogel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Forest Species

Model projections suggest that both climate and land-use changes have large effects on forest biomass and composition in the Cumberland forests of Tennessee and Kentucky. These forests have high levels of diversity, ecological importance, land-use changes, and pressures due to invasive herbivorous insects and climate change. Three general circulation models project warming for all months in 2030 and 2080 and complex patterns of precipitation change. Climate changes from 1980 to 2100 were developed from these projections and used in the forest ecosystem model LINKAGES to estimate transient changes in forest biomass and species composition over time. These projections show that climate changes can instigate a decline in forest stand biomass and then recovery as forest species composition shifts. In addition, a landscape model (LSCAP) estimates changes in land-cover types of the Cumberlands based on projected land-use changes and the demise of eastern hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) due to the spread of the hemlock adelgid ( Adelges tsugae Annand). LSCAP suggests that land-cover changes can be quite large and can cause a decline not only in the area of forested lands but also in the size and number of large contiguous forest patches that are necessary habitat for many forest species characteristic of the Cumberlands.

scholarly journals Agricultural and Forestry Land and Labor Use under Long-Term Climate Change in Chile

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Oscar Melo ◽  
William Foster
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Municipal Level

The appropriate design of land-use and rural employment policies depends upon the anticipated performance of the farm sector in the context of expected climate changes, especially with respect to land allocations to potential activities. Concerns over the possible net benefits of land-use changes are particularly acute in lower- and middle-income countries, where agriculture tends to be important in employment, income generation and foreign-exchange earnings. This paper presents an analysis of the expected impacts on land use in Chile of projected climate-change scenarios in 2040 and 2070. We developed a farmland allocation model with associated labor employment at the municipal level driven by expected relative net incomes per hectare, constructed from local average per-hectare yields, regional average output prices and per-hectare production cost estimates. The sensitivities of cropland allocations to relative net-income changes were estimated using historical land allocations at the municipal level derived from the last two Chilean Agricultural Censuses. The results show that the impacts of climate changes will be mitigated by land-use adaptation, the main export-earning crops tending to move south; in aggregate, agricultural employment will decrease in all the climate-change scenarios; forestry and agriculture would likely suffer a loss in net-income generation under severe climate-change scenarios.

scholarly journals Scenario-based impacts of land use and climate changes on the hydrology of a lowland rainforest catchment in Ghana, West Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Aduah ◽  
Graham P. W. Jewitt ◽  
Michele L. W. Toucher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Land Use Scenarios

Abstract. This study analysed the separate and the combined impacts of climate and land use changes on hydrology on the Bonsa catchment in Ghana, West Africa, using the ACRU hydrological model. The study used five RCP8.5 climate change scenarios (wet, 25th percentile, 75th percentile, dry and a multi-model median of nine GCMs) from the CMIP5 AR5 models for near (2020–2039) and far (2060–2079) future time slices. Change factors were used to downscale the GCM scenarios to the local scale, using observed climate data for the control period of 1990 to 2009. The land use of 1991 and 2011 were used as the baseline and current land use as well as three future land use scenarios (BAU, EG, EGR) for two time slices (2030 and 2070) were used. The study showed that under all separate climate change scenarios, overall flows reduced, but under combined climate and land use changes, streamflows increased. Under the combined scenarios, streamflow responses due to the different future land use scenarios were not substantially different. Also, land use is the dominant controlling factor in streamflow changes in the Bonsa catchment under a dry climate change, but under a wet climate change, climate controls streamflow changes. The spatial variability of catchment streamflow changes under combined land use and climate changes were greater than the spatial variability of streamflow changes under climate change. The range of plausible future streamflows changes derived in this study provides natural resources and environmental managers of the Bonsa catchment, the first ever and the most current information to develop suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies, to prepare adequately for climate and land use changes.

The impact of land use change, climate change and reservoir construction on ecosystem services in a Mediterranean catchment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Eekhout ◽  
Carolina Boix-Fayos ◽  
Pedro Pérez-Cutillas ◽  
Joris de Vente
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Reservoir Construction ◽  
The Impact

<p>The Mediterranean region has been identified as one of the most affected global hot-spots for climate change. Recent climate change in the Mediterranean can be characterized by faster increasing temperatures than the global mean and significant decreases in annual precipitation. Besides, important land cover changes have occurred, such as reforestation, agricultural intensification, urban expansion and the construction of many reservoirs, mainly with the purpose to store water for irrigation. Here we study the impacts of these changes on several ecosystem services in the Segura River catchment, a typical large Mediterranean catchment where many of the before mentioned changes have occurred in the last half century. We applied a hydrological model, coupled with a soil erosion and sediment transport model, to study the impact of climate and land cover change and reservoir construction on ecosystem services for the period 1971-2010. Eight ecosystem services indicators were defined, which include runoff, plant water stress, hillslope erosion, reservoir sediment yield, sediment concentration, reservoir storage, flood discharge and low flow. To assess larger land use changes, we also applied the model for an extended period (1952-2018) to the Taibilla subcatchment, a typical Mediterranean mountainous subcatchment, which plays an important role in the provision of water within the Segura River catchment. As main results we observed that climate change in the evaluated period is characterized by a decrease in precipitation and an increase in temperature. Detected land use change over the past 50 years is typical for many Mediterranean catchments. Natural vegetation in the headwaters increased due to agricultural land abandonment. Agriculture expanded in the central part of the catchment, which most likely is related to the construction of reservoirs in the same area. The downstream part of the catchment is characterized by urban expansion. While land use changed in more than 30% of the catchment, most impact on ecosystem services can be attributed to climate change and reservoir construction. All these changes have had positive and negative impacts on ecosystem services. The positive impacts include a decrease in hillslope erosion, sediment yield, sediment concentration and flood discharge (-21%, -18%, -82% and -41%, respectively). The negative impacts include an increase in plant water stress (+5%) and a decrease in reservoir storage (-5%). The decrease in low flow caused by land use change was counteracted by an increase in low flow due to reservoir construction. The results of our study highlight how relatively small climate and land use changes compared to the changes foreseen for the coming decades, have had an important impact on ecosystem services over the past 50 years.</p>

scholarly journals Impacts of reclamation derived land use changes on ecosystem services in a typical gulf of eastern China: A case study of Hangzhou bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 108259
Author(s):  
Peng Tian ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
Luodan Cao ◽  
Ruiliang Pu ◽  
Hongbo Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Hangzhou Bay

Planothidum audax sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae), a new diatom from temporary streams in southern Portugal

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 510 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
EDUARDO A. MORALES ◽  
MARIA HELENA NOVAIS ◽  
MARÍA LUJÁN GARCÍA ◽  
NORA I. MAIDANA ◽  
MARIA MANUELA MORAIS
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Temporary Streams ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
High Diversity

Temporary streams represent ca. half of the river network at the worldwide level, and in regions such as southern Europe their dominance of the landscape is evident (Larned et al. 2010, McDonough et al. 2011, Barbosa et al. 2020). Currently, these streams are receiving increased attention due to their importance as high diversity spots for algae, arthropods, plants, etc., and due to the ecosystem services they provide (Acuña et al. 2014, Datry et al. 2018b). Because of their geographical position and the land use changes in their watersheds (increased urbanization, agriculture, etc.), climate change, contamination and habitat fragmentation constitute forces threatening their integrity and ecological characteristics (Datry et al. 2018a, Bonada et al. 2020).

scholarly journals Decoupling the Effect of Climate and Land-Use Changes on Carbon Sequestration of Vegetation in Mideast Hunan Province, China

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1573
Author(s):  
Cong Liu ◽  
Zelin Liu ◽  
Binggeng Xie ◽  
Yuan Liang ◽  
Xiaoqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Negative Effects

Urbanization and global climate change are two important global environmental phenomena in the 21st century. Human activities and climate changes usually increase the uncertainties of the ecosystem functions and structures and can greatly affect regional landscape patterns and the carbon cycle. Consequently, it is critical to understand how various climate and land-use changes influence the carbon dynamics at a regional scale. In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the spatial and temporal changes of net primary productivity (NPP) and the effects of climate factors and human disturbance factors (i.e., land-use changes) on the “Chang–Zhu–Tan” (CZT) urban agglomeration region from 2000 to 2015. The Carnegie–Ames–Stanford Approach (CASA) model was combined with spatially explicit land-use maps, monthly climate data, and MODIS NDVI images to simulate the carbon dynamics in the CZT area. Based on our six different scenarios, we also analyzed the relative roles of climate change and land-use change in total production. Our results indicated that the annual NPP of the study area maintained an upward trend by 7.31 gC•m−2•yr−1 between 2000 and 2015. At the same time, the average annual NPP was 628.99 gC•m−2 in the CZT area. We also found that the NPP was lower in the middle of the north region than in others. In addition, land-use changes could contribute to a positive effect on the total production in the study area by 3.42 T gC. Meanwhile, the effect of climate changes on the total production amounted to −1.44 T gC in the same region and period. Temperature and precipitation had negative effects on carbon sequestration from 2000 to 2015. As forest land constituted over 62.60% of the total land use from 2000 to 2015, the negative effect of carbon sequestration caused by urbanization could be ignored in the CZT area. Although climate and land-use changes had simultaneously positive and negative effects during the period 2000–2015, prioritizing the protection of existing forest land could contribute to increasing carbon sequestration and storage at the regional scale. Our study assists in understanding the impact of climate changes and land-use changes on carbon sequestration while providing a scientific basis for the rational and effective protection of the ecological environment in mid-east Hunan Province, China.

Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Ecosystem Services Based on Land-Use Changes: A Case Study of Guanting Reservoir Watershed in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1743-1757
Author(s):  
Yi Hui Wen ◽  
Gui Huan Liu ◽  
Hai Guang Hao ◽  
Shu Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Compensation Mechanism ◽  
Ecosystem Service Value ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Guanting Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Basin

Being located in the northwest of Beijing, Guanting Reservoir has been an important source to supply water for life, production and landscape; however, with the increasing urbanization and population agglomeration in the upstream since 1980s, the resource and environment of Guanting Reservoir Basin was also undertaken an increasingly pressure accordingly with water quantity dropped and quality deteriorated, so Guanting Reservoir was ruled out of the drinking water supply system of Beijing since 1997. As a series of ecological protection and management project have been implemented with the 21st century coming, Guanting Reservoir restored its water-supply function for agriculture, ecology and industry in 2003, and restored its function as drinking water source in 2007, so it became an emergency water-supply source of Beijing again. The environmental protection status and economic development model of Guanting Reservoir Basin plays an essential role for water security of Beijing. In this paper, taken Guanting Reservoir Basin as the study case, the land use data of different periods since 1980s have been extracted from remote sensing images of the study area to analyze the land use changes. Based on the land use data, Costanza ecosystem service value formula and correction parameter suitable for China situations, the basin ecosystem service value is calculated to analyze the changes in leading ecosystem function of Guanting Reservoir Basin in different periods. In combination with the social and economic statistical data, the driving factors are discussed for changes in the leading function, and the approaches are put forward to enhance the upstream ecosystem function, so as to guarantee the sustainable economic and social development in the Basin. It is indicated from the research results that: (1) the driving forces for the changes in dominate ecosystem functions of Guanting Reservoir Basin mainly result from policy factor, population factor and economic factor; (2) the ecosystem services of Guanting Reservoir Basin are presented as asymmetric spatial characteristic; and (3) the eco-compensation mechanism is an important means to balance the asymmetry of ecosystem services between the upstream and downstream of Guanting Reservoir Basin and enhance the upstream capacity for provision of ecosystem services. The quantitative eco-compensation mechanism is the key point of follow-up research to enhance ecosystem services; the scenario analysis will have a prospective potential to propose some policy suggestions with more operability.

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