Spatial–Temporal Heterogeneous Evolution of Haze Pollution in China as Deduced with the Use of Spatial Econometrics

Haze Pollution, consisting essentially of PM2.5 and PM10, has been arousing wide public concern home and abroad. It has become a universal urgency for atmospheric researchers, governments, organizations, institutions, and the general public to conduct corresponding actions. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the institutional distribution and the regional evolution trend of path characteristics of haze pollution in China under the spatial–temporal heterogeneity on the basis of spatial econometrics, by incorporating the spatial element into the framework of the Multiple Influencing Factors mechanism. The results show that it has been abating under the governance year by year, though with a decreasing intensity; the major polluted regions have been moving from the East to the central and western area; there is significant spatial autocorrelation among the highly polluted area, but the effective local regulations of les- polluted regions do not impact the neighboring regions correspondingly; among the impacting factors, industrial structure, energy intensity, and traffic pollution have a significant Positive Impact on haze pollution, and the level of urbanization has a Negative Impact, while economic growth and innovation performance have no significant Positive Impact and are both weak in promotion. This research, theoretically and practically, offers reference for the Chinese government to integrate regional effective systems into multiregional diversified environmental governance, so as to realize its Green Ecology Transformation Development Strategy.

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Environmental Regulation, Environmental Awareness and Environmental Governance Satisfaction

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073960 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3960

Author(s):

Meng-Meng Geng ◽

Ling-Yun He

Keyword(s):

Environmental Regulation ◽

Environmental Governance ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Subjective Evaluation ◽

Environmental Awareness ◽

General Social Survey ◽

Probit Model ◽

The People ◽

The Impact

It is a problem worth thinking about whether the government’s environmental regulation policies can meet the residents’ requirements for environmental quality, and benefit the people. The study of the public’s subjective evaluation can more intuitively judge whether the government’s environmental regulation has realized “ecological benefits for the people”. Based on the data of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2013, this paper studied the impact of environmental regulation and environmental awareness on environmental governance satisfaction by an ordered probit model. The study found that environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on environmental governance satisfaction, while environmental awareness has a significant negative impact on environmental governance satisfaction. We also found that when public environmental awareness is taken into account, the positive relationship between environmental regulation and environmental governance satisfaction is affected. The robustness test proved this conclusion.

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Study on Sustainable Development Strategy of Indigenous Tribal Tourism

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202125703045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 257 ◽

pp. 03045

Author(s):

Hsiao-Ming Chang ◽

Ching-Hui Lin ◽

Ying-Wan Chuang

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Development Strategy ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Cultural Tourism ◽

Research Literature ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

The People ◽

Aboriginal Culture ◽

The Government

In recent years, the tribal tourism activities with the theme of aboriginal culture and ecology have been loved by the people of Taiwan, so the issue of sustainable development has been attached great importance. This paper analyzes the empirical research literature on the development of aboriginal cultural tourism and eco-tourism by means of literature review, and summarizes the framework of sustainable development of tribal tourism. After analysis, this study are finds that: 1. The government plays an important role in the process of sustainable development of tribes. 2. The positive impact of tourism development on the economy, society and environment is higher than the negative impact. Based on the above findings, this study puts forward specific suggestions for the sustainable development of tribal tourism in the future.

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The Impact of Financial Support on Innovation Efficiency of Government Subsidies From the Perspective of DEA-Tobit——An Empirical Study Based on Chinese New Energy Vehicle Enterprises

10.21203/rs.3.rs-829271/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sha Zhang ◽

Fang Chen

Keyword(s):

Financial Support ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Reference Value ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Operating Cycle ◽

Government Subsidies ◽

New Energy ◽

New Energy Vehicle ◽

The Impact

Abstract The new energy vehicle enterprises is a strategic emerging industry in China, so more and more government subsidies to promote innovative development are being accepted by new energy vehicle enterprises. What is the innovation efficiency of new energy vehicle enterprises receiving government subsidies? With the acceleration of the process of global economic financialization, whether financial support can promote the innovation efficiency of government subsidies and how enterprises should allocate financial assets have become issues that need to be deeply considered. Based on the annual report data of China's domestic listed new energy vehicle enterprises from 2015 to 2020, the relationship between government subsidies and enterprise innovation efficiency is empirically tested, and the impact of financial support on enterprise R&D innovation efficiency is investigated. The empirical results show that government subsidies are wasteful and fail to effectively promote R&D innovation, and the innovation efficiency of government subsidies is positively influenced by firm nature and firm age, while the total asset turnover ratio, operating cycle and firm size have a negative impact on innovation efficiency. Further research found that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between financial support and the innovation efficiency of government subsidies. A certain degree of financial support has a positive impact on the innovation efficiency of government subsidies, but excessive financial support has a negative impact on the innovation efficiency of government subsidies. The conclusion provides empirical evidence for the Chinese government to improve the subsidy policy and standardize the development of new energy vehicle enterprises, and has a certain reference value for guiding new energy vehicle enterprises to reasonably allocate financial support.

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Evaluasi Dampak Pembangunan Pariwisata Menggunakan Konsep Community Based Tourism (CBT) di Kawasan Wisata Tebing Breksi

Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan Indonesia ◽

10.47608/jki.v14i22020.109-124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 109-124

Author(s):

Nurwanto Nurwanto

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Active Role ◽

Government Support ◽

Primary Data ◽

Community Based ◽

Study Approach ◽

The Impact

Nowadays the development of tourism in an area will bring a positive impact on the local society. However, if the community is not ready to accept development and is not ready to manage its property, it will have a negative impact. Various problems will arise with the existence of mass tourism which makes it difficult or even detrimental to the community. Therefore, this study will discuss the evaluation of the impact tourism development in Tebing Breksi using the concept of community-based tourism (CBT). CBT is a development strategy that uses tourism as a tool to strengthen local communities that are managed by, from, and for the community, as well as considering aspects of sustainability to improve people’s welfare. The research method used is qualitative using a case study approach. The data used is sourced from primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained by interviewing speakers who are considered competent in their fields and following the research topic. Secondary data were obtained from previous studies, documentation, a note, and an activity report related to Tebing Breksi. Evaluation of CBT principles at Tebing Breksi is seen based on five aspects, that is (i) Economic principles (ii) Social principles (iii) Cultural principles (iv) Environmental principles (v) Political principles, along with indicators. The result of the analysis shows that the principles of CBT applied at Tebing Breksi as a whole have shown success even though some of the indicators of the CBT principle need to be optimized again, while the positive impact obtained by the community with the presence of this CBT is increased economic income, improved quality of life, concern for waste management and mutual respect between cultures. Also, the success of CBT cannot be separated from the active role of community and government support.

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Will Rising Debt in China Lead to a Hard Landing?

International Journal of Economics and Finance ◽

10.5539/ijef.v9n9p60 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Wang Man Cang ◽

Zhou Ming Matt

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Local Government ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Government Debt ◽

Published Data ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Causality Test ◽

Gdp Growth Rate

Moody has recently downgraded China's sovereign debt, which's Moody's first downgrade for the country since 1989. The objective of this study is to get an insight into the local and regional government debt in China, analyze the key factors, and evaluate the economic risks. Based on the published data since 1996, the granger causality test is performed to find out the relationship between local government debt level, the fiscal income, GDP growth rate and CPI. Some major findings are: i) local government debt is accumulated through more spending on economic development and less funding obtained from the revenue sharing scheme between governments. ii) fiscal income and GDP growth rate have positive impact on the increase of local government debt. iii) CPI increase shows negative impact on the local government debt. It’s projected that in the coming years, slower growth and less income with a stable CPI could slow down debt accumulation. The Chinese government should monitor the risk factors closely and use risk mitigation tools to avoid a hard landing.

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Energy Utilization Efficiency of China Considering Carbon Emissions—Based on Provincial Panel Data

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020877 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 877

Author(s):

Ge Huang ◽

Wei Pan ◽

Cheng Hu ◽

Wu-Lin Pan ◽

Wan-Qiang Dai

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Panel Data ◽

Industrial Structure ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Effect Model

With the development of the economy, environmental pollution caused by energy consumption has become increasingly prominent. Improving the efficiency of energy utilization is an important way to solve this problem. Firstly, we used a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to calculate the energy utilization efficiency of China’s provinces and regions from the perspective of environmental constraints, including four inputs—labor force, capital stock, energy consumption and carbon emission—and one output, GDP. Secondly, an entity fixed effect model of panel data was built to investigate the influence of openness, urbanization, marketization and industrial structure on energy utilization efficiency in the process of economic structure change. The results indicate that China’s energy efficiency shows a trend of first stabilizing and then declining from 2007 to 2017. Meanwhile, the comprehensive energy efficiency of all provinces and regions is not very ideal. Only Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong constitute the forefront of China’s energy efficiency. The lack of pure technical efficiency in most provinces is the main reason for the low comprehensive efficiency, but there are also obvious differences among provinces and regions. In addition, urbanization, openness and industrial structure have a negative impact on energy efficiency, while marketization has a significant positive impact on energy efficiency. Finally, based on the regional differences, some suggestions were put forward to improve China’s energy utilization efficiency.

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Influence of Different Industrial Agglomeration Modes on Eco-Efficiency in China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182413139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (24) ◽

pp. 13139

Author(s):

Xiaohu Li ◽

Xigang Zhu ◽

Jianshu Li ◽

Chao Gu

Keyword(s):

Spatial Organization ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Threshold Model ◽

City Size ◽

Medium Size ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Industrial Agglomeration ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

It is a key issue for the Chinese government to improve eco-efficiency and realize green development. As a spatial organization mode of industrial labor division, industrial agglomeration has a complex impact on eco-efficiency. However, it is still debatable which industrial agglomeration modes have a positive impact on eco-efficiency. This paper employs a panel threshold model, enterprise micro-level data, and relevant economic environment data from 283 cities in China from 2004 to 2012. It tests the nonlinear effects of specialized, related diversified, and unrelated diversified agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency. The results show that the impact of specialized and related diversified agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency is first inhibited and then promoted. The unrelated diversified agglomeration has a significantly negative impact on industrial eco-efficiency, but the negative impact weakens when agglomeration reaches a certain level. Furthermore, the impact of the three agglomeration modes on industrial eco-efficiency depends on city size. The impact of specialized agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency is insignificant in small- and some medium-sized cities, but it has a significant inhibitory effect on industrial eco-efficiency when the city surpasses medium size. The role of related diversified agglomeration in promoting industrial eco-efficiency is further enhanced with the growth of city size. The impact of unrelated diversified agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency gradually changes from negative to positive, but it plays a promoting role only when the city reaches the scale of super-large and mega-cities. Finally, this paper suggests that policymakers should formulate differentiated agglomeration policies according to changes in industrial agglomeration level or city size to improve industrial eco-efficiency.

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Impact of financial leverage on profitability of listed manufacturing firms in China

Pacific Accounting Review ◽

10.1108/par-01-2018-0008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 410-432 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ilhan Dalci

Keyword(s):

Financial Distress ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Generalized Method Of Moments ◽

Manufacturing Firms ◽

Chinese Government ◽

Financial Leverage ◽

Content Type ◽

The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to explore how financial leverage influences profitability of 1,503 listed manufacturing firms in China.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of the study is composed of the listed manufacturing firms in China. For the manufacturing firms, the annual financial information from 2008 to 2016 is obtained from the ORBIS database. In this study, initially a simultaneous equation approach is used to control for potential endogeneity. Then, additional regression analyses are conducted with panel data over the period of 2008-2016 using OLS, Fixed-effects, First-difference, Random-effects and Arellano and Bond’s (1991) two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) methods.FindingsThe results reveal that the impact of leverage on profitability is inverted U-shaped. In this inverted U-shaped relationship, the positive impact of financial leverage on profitability could be attributed to tax shield, whereas the negative impact might be because of bankruptcy cost, financial distress, severe agency problems and information asymmetry that the listed Chinese firms suffer from because of some institutional characteristics of China.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, this study focuses on only listed manufacturing firms in China. Second, ownership types are not taken into account in this study.Practical implicationsFirst, the Chinese government should direct its efforts toward developing the bond markets and promoting alternative privately owned loan creditors to state-owned banks. Parallel to this, the transformation process toward market economy should be accelerated to facilitate the privatization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). In addition to this, development of the bond market and privatization of SOEs will also mitigate the agency conflict between creditors and managers and between shareholders and managers.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study which investigates the impact of capital structure on profitability of the listed firms in China.

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The Impact of Haze on the Availability of Company Debt Financing: Evidence for Sustainability of Chinese Listed Companies

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11030806 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 806 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bin Li ◽

Peixiang Guo ◽

Yating Zeng

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Listed Companies ◽

Debt Financing ◽

Enterprise Management ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Marginal Increment ◽

The Impact

Based on the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2013 to 2017 and the air quality monitoring data released by China Environmental Monitoring Station, the paper examines the impact of haze on the availability of company debt financing by using fixed-effects model and quantile regression model. The empirical results show that: Firstly, haze has a positive impact on the demand of company debt financing, and the positive effect is marginal increment. Secondly, haze has a negative impact on the availability of company debt financing, and the negative impact is also marginal increment. Further study found that heavy polluting industry characteristics weaken the impact of haze on company debt financing availability. The paper analyzes the influence of air pollution on enterprise management from the perspective of company debt financing and explains the necessity for companies to implement an environmentally sustainable development strategy.

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Mitigating the Impacts of Meteorological Disasters During the Phenological Period for Geographical Indication Agricultural Growers by Using Adaptive and Resilient Coping Strategies

10.21203/rs.3.rs-443221/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yuhan QIN ◽

Xingmin Shi ◽

Xueping Li ◽

Jianwu Yan

Keyword(s):

Industrial Structure ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Natural Capital ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Geographical Indication ◽

Quantitative Evidence ◽

The Government ◽

Meteorological Disasters

Abstract Developing geographical indication agricultural products will help to expand regional characteristic industries by taking actions that suit local circumstances. Improving the adaptability of geographical indication agricultural growers to cope with meteorological disasters is conducive to promoting the optimization of rural industrial structure and the implementation of rural revitalization strategy. Based on the field survey data of Shaanxi Province, this research uses the method of natural breaks to classify the resilience scores of meteorological disasters under the framework of Sustainable Livelihood Approach. Finally, the ordinal logistic regression model is used to quantitatively research how livelihood capital contributes to the resilience of kiwifruit growers to meteorological disasters during the phenological period. The results show that the perception of meteorological disasters by farmers does not significantly affect the resilience of farmers, and the impacts of different livelihood capitals on the resilience strategies of farmers are quite distinct: material capital, financial capital, social capital and human capital have significant positive impact on the resilience strategies of growers, while natural capital has a significant negative impact on the resilience strategies of growers. The results extend the theoretical foundation of resilience strategies for meteorological disasters in kiwifruit phenological period, and bring quantitative evidence linkage of livelihood capital and resilience strategies. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that the agricultural activities of kiwifruit growers during the phenological period should be combined with the livelihood capital guarantee measures, as well as a better financial environment should be created by government intervention. Paying attention to science popularization work of middle-aged and elderly growers, accelerating the linkages between the government and the mass, would help the government to obtain the best agricultural management methods.

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