scholarly journals The Impact of Global Protectionism on Port Logistics Demand

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1444
Author(s):  
Jungran Cho ◽  
Emma Kyoungseo Hong ◽  
Jeongho Yoo ◽  
Inkyo Cheong
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Maritime Logistics ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Logistics ◽  
Logistics Demand ◽  
The Impact

Various risks and uncertainties are strengthening the downside of the global economy. This paper aims to estimate the impact of the US–China conflict and the World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body’s shutdown on global logistics demand and to show the seriousness of the situation. Existing literature studies on protectionism or the US–China trade conflict were considered, with a focus on the effects of specific issues or impact on bilateral relations. No research has quantitatively considered the adverse effects of the Appellate Body’s shutdown. In this situation, questions can be raised whether the current global shipping logistics system can be sustainable or not. This paper attempts to estimate the shrinking demand for shipping logistics due to global protectionism. Using a dynamic general equilibrium model and trade-cargo-container conversion methodology, which differentiates this paper from previous studies, the paper suggests that the combination of tariffs and NTBs can severely reduce international trade and the demand for maritime logistics services. Depending on the scenario, port cargo is expected to decrease by 3.95 to 6.9 trillion tons, which can be half of the global cargo. Based on these estimates, this paper suggests that a catastrophe could occur in global trade order as well as global maritime logistics. Finally, underlining that the international trade order should not be severely damaged, this paper proposes that countries around the world should seriously discuss this issue at the 12th WTO Trade Ministers’ Meeting in Kazakhstan in June 2020.

POLISH LOGISTICS MACRO-SYSTEM IN THE GLOBAL MARITIME LOGISTICS SPACE

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Andrzej S. Grzelakowski
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Maritime Logistics ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Global Logistics ◽  
Principal Factors

The main purpose of the paper is to identify and analyse the principal factors shaping the global logistics area as well as to point out key tendencies of its development within the global economy. The author also makes an attempt to assess the influence of the global logistics system on the Polish logistics system. The purpose of the analysis carried out on the basis of reports and accounts published by international organizations is to compare the main tendencies observed within both logistics systems, indicate the differences between them, and specify the reasons behind them. The author indicates the activities and measures necessary to boost the efficiency and effectiveness of the Polish logistics system, especially its maritime sector. This can only be achieved by facilitating the functioning of global logistics chains and ensuring that Polish SCM meets global standards.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES IN THE WORLD ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetyana Yasinska ◽  
Marta Naychuk-Khrushch
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, the world economy has been actively moving towards an integrated global economic system, characterized by the reduction of barriers to international trade and investment, "reduction" of distances through the development of modern means of transportation and communication, smoothing cultural differences. This process, called globalization, has become an integral feature of the world economy in recent decades. However, in 2020, the globalization process was affected by quarantine restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The study of the features and consequences of such influence is especially relevant given that globalization processes form the environment for the functioning of the subjects of international economic relations. The article analyzes the features and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on globalization processes in the world economy. The essence of globalization and its key features, opportunities and threats of the globalization process for international business entities are revealed, the driving forces of globalization are revealed. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the dynamics of international trade and world gross domestic product is analyzed. The forecast values of these indicators for 2021-2022, presented by the World Trade Organization, are revealed. The key aspects of the policy of governments in a pandemic are highlighted. The impact of quarantine restrictions on transport and migration worldwide has been demonstrated. The state and prospects of world investments after the pandemic are assessed. Of particular note is the fact that the vast majority of international companies, despite the severe consequences of the pandemic for their activities, have not begun to break their international ties with contractors and focus on domestic production. The production chains of multinational corporations, built over the years to ensure high efficiency, did not break down due to the temporary difficulties associated with the pandemic. This is an important indicator that allows us to say that there are no significant prerequisites for expecting active deglobalization processes in the world. In view of the research, the conclusions on the slowdown of the global economy under the influence of the pandemic and the absence of signs of active deglobalization are formulated and substantiated.

Globalization of the World Economy and Pandemic-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Viktoriya V. Perskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
World Development

The impact of the “pandemic 2020” is analyzed both in the short term and taking into account the long-term trend in order to restore national economic sovereignty by national economies; factors of the promotion of economic globalization — the activities of multinational/multinational companies, the US promotion of unilateral sanctions, the level of economic freedom bordering on the ultimate criterion for the loss of national economic sovereignty; financialization of the global economy as a factor in its growth; the dependence of world development on the level of GVCs formed and the existing specialization of the economies of the world, which made them unable to ensure sovereignty, security and health of the nation; it was concluded that the “pandemic 2020” acts as a catalyst for the restructuring of the world economies towards polycentrism and ensuring real reasonable sovereignty, without denying the potential of either vertical or horizontal cooperation and economic interaction

Assessing the factors and manifestations of global imbalancesin international trade: the impact of the US-China trade waron Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Borzenko Elena ◽  
Panfilova Tamara
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Global Imbalances ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
China Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to reveal the essence of global imbalances andassess the impact of the US-China trade war on the development of the worldeconomy. The methodology of the study is to use a set of methods: dialectical, statistical,historical, comparative. The scientific novelty is to uncover the problem of globalimbalances, which is one of the fundamental problems in the development of theworld economy. A comparative study of global imbalances that are the drivers ofregional and global crises has been conducted. The trade war between China andthe US is analyzed, which is caused not only by the accumulation of problems inbilateral relations, but also by the displacement of geo-economic positions of theleading countries of the world. Conclusions-In general, the US-China trade conflictis a dangerous signal, indicating that the global economy is increasingly fragmented,but it is almost impossible to keep capital investment within national borders.Digital business models and ecosystems that are becoming more relevant are ableto operate only on the basis of low barriers to entry, ie only in open conditions.In all contexts, it is not necessary to count on the complete decay of the US-Chinatrade conflict, due to the growing strategic competition between the two countries.Global consensus in international trade has long been based on the fact that it isprofitable for all countries. However, neoliberal ideas did not take into accountthat inequality between countries could grow very fast and a number of countrieswould be dissatisfied with free trade, globalization and openness. The lack of soundregulatory mechanisms has led to new economic problems in China (in particular,uneven income distribution).

International trade: Research of the reasons for the fall

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Nazarov ◽  
S. S. Lazaryan ◽  
I. V. Nikonov ◽  
A. I. Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Basic Commodity ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of various factors on the growth rate of international trade. Many experts interpreted the cross-border flows of goods decline against the backdrop of a growing global economy as an alarming sign that indicates a slowdown in the processes of globalization. To determine the reasons for the dynamics of international trade, the decompositions of its growth rate were carried out and allowed to single out the effect of the dollar exchange rate, the commodities prices and global value chains on the change in the volume of trade. As a result, it was discovered that the most part of the dynamics of international trade is due to fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar and prices for basic commodity groups. The negative contribution of trade within global value chains in 2014 was also revealed. During the investigated period (2000—2014), such a picture was observed only in the crisis periods, which may indicate the beginning of structural changes in the world trade.

The impact of exchange rate on price and export of agricultural production

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Rasulov Tulkin Sattarovich ◽  
Khushvaktov Kuvonchbek Ravshanovich
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Price Formation ◽  
International Trade Laws ◽  
The Impact

In today’s world of swiftly increasing global economy and continuously changing international trade laws and technology exchange rate plays a pivotal role in the production, price formation, export and import of agricultural products. For many years exchange rate as an integral part of agricultural economics has been ignored. The present study was intended to investigate exchange rate as an impacting factor on the agricultural production. It also considers the researches that have been carried about the impact of the exchange rate on prices and export of agricultural products, theirs analyses and how much impact it has in the situation of Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Maritime sector at verge of change: learning and competence needs in Finnish maritime cluster

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Vesa Kilpi ◽  
Tomi Solakivi ◽  
Tuomas Kiiski
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Maritime Logistics ◽  
The World ◽  
Equipment Manufacturing ◽  
University Level

AbstractShipping plays an important role in the world, transporting over 80% of international trade and employing over 1.5 million seafarers. The maritime industry, including shipbuilding and equipment manufacturing, is extensive. Both of these interconnected businesses are facing rapid change caused by increasingly speedy technological development and the tightening of environmental regulation. This survey-based research analyzes the current and future competence needs of firms operating in maritime logistics and the maritime industry. The findings indicate that in both contexts, the increasing importance of various general competences is understood and the need is recognized in particular to improve those related to environmental regulation as well as technology and automation. Overall, the gap between current and desired levels of competence is expected to widen. In terms of education, this is likely to affect vocational training and university-level learning differently in that functional competences are emphasized more in the former and social and meta-competences in the latter.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic: A review of the global lockdown and its far-reaching effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110198
Author(s):  
Helen Onyeaka ◽  
Christian K Anumudu ◽  
Zainab T Al-Sharify ◽  
Esther Egele-Godswill ◽  
Paul Mbaegbu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Delivery ◽  
Environmental Air ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on the 11th of March 2020, leading to some form of lockdown across almost all countries of the world. The extent of the global pandemic due to COVID-19 has a significant impact on our lives that must be studied carefully to combat it. This study highlights the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on crucial aspects of daily life globally, including; Food security, Global economy, Education, Tourism, hospitality, sports and leisure, Gender Relation, Domestic Violence/Abuse, Mental Health and Environmental air pollution through a systematic search of the literature. The COVID-19 global lockdown was initiated to stem the spread of the virus and ‘flatten the curve’ of the pandemic. However, the impact of the lockdown has had far-reaching effects in different strata of life, including; changes in the accessibility and structure of education delivery to students, food insecurity as a result of unavailability and fluctuation in prices, the depression of the global economy, increase in mental health challenges, wellbeing and quality of life amongst others. This review article highlights the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown across the globe. As the global lockdown is being lifted in a phased manner in various countries of the world, it is necessary to explore its impacts to understand its consequences comprehensively. This will guide future decisions that will be made in a possible future wave of the COVID-19 pandemic or other global disease outbreak.

The world economy

1998 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Nigel Pain
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Capital Market

Developments in the Asian economies have clearly begun to be felt in the wider global economy in recent months. It has always been expected that the OECD economies would be affected by the aftermath of the capital market turmoil last year, although the timing and magnitude of the impact was difficult to predict. Domestic demand in the affected Asian economies has proved much weaker than expected, with the effects magnified by a continued downturn in Japan. GDP fell by 5¾ per cent in Korea in the first quarter of this year and by 1¼ per cent in Japan. The aggregate volume of merchandise imports in Asia is expected to decline by around 5½ per cent this year, with falls of up to 25 per cent in countries such as Korea, Thailand and Indonesia. This largely accounts for our projected decline in world trade growth to under 6 per cent this year from an estimated 9¾ per cent in 1997.

POSSIBILITIES OF REALIZATION OF SERVICE SECTOR POTENTIAL IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Melnichuk
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The World

The relevance of the study is due to the growing role of services in the world economy. Trade in services has become the dominant driver of economic growth and development in both developed and developing economies. Since the 1980s, data suggest that there is a stronger relationship between trade in services and gross domestic product (GDP) than in the case of commodity growth and GDP. It is noted that the quality of policies, regulations and institutional frameworks is a key factor in determining the effectiveness of services. As services are increasingly subject to liberalization through multilateral and regional trade agreements, it is important that countries develop harmonized approaches to internal regulation and trade liberalization in the services sector. The article identifies the features and characteristics of the service sector as a factor of multifaceted development and growth. The dynamics of international trade in services by geographical structure and types of development of countries is studied on the basis of statistical data of international organizations, taking into account the impact of the pandemic. It is noted that international trade in services is becoming an increasingly important part of global commerce. The problematic aspects of the activity of small business entities to enter foreign markets of services are considered. The issue of urgency of digital economy development for the sphere of services and contribution to world markets is outlined. Opening up the services sector has the potential to bring great benefits and deserves more attention. Further prospects for the realization of entrepreneurial potential in a comprehensive global economy are outlined. It is noted that services are an important part of the world economy, generating more than two-thirds of world gross domestic product (GDP), attracting more than three-quarters of foreign direct investment in developed economies, and creating most of new jobs worldwide. Establishing effective coordination mechanisms between trade negotiators, policymakers and regulators will be an important tool for the development of the global economy.

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