scholarly journals Clostridium difficile Infection Epidemiology over a Period of 8 Years—A Single Centre Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Negrut ◽  
Delia Carmen Nistor-Cseppento ◽  
Shamim Ahmad Khan ◽  
Carmen Pantis ◽  
Teodor Andrei Maghiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Western ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the most common infectious disease related to antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and is a current leading cause of morbidity/mortality, with substantial consequences for healthcare services and overall public health. Thus, we performed a retrospective epidemiological study of CDI for a long period (8 years), in an infectious hospital located in north-western Romania, which serves an entire county of the country (617,827 inhabitants). From 2011 to 2018, 877 patients were diagnosed with CDI; the mean incidence of this disease was 2.76 cases/10,000 patient-days, with an increasing trend in the annual incidence until 2016, at which point there was a decrease. The most commonly afflicted were patients in the 75–84 age group, observed in winter and spring. The results show that the antibiotics were administered in 679 (77.42%) subjects, within the last 3 months before CDI, statistically significant more than proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)—128 (14.60%) and antidepressant medications—60 (6.84%), which were administered during the same period (p < 0.001). No medication was reported in 10 (6.84%) cases of CDI, in the last 3 months of the study. The fatality rate attained 4.1%, tripling in 2018 vs. 2011. CDI became a significant public health conundrum that can, nevertheless, be combatted through a judicious use of antibiotics.

INNOVATIVE MEDICINES INITIATIVE: THE SPRINTT PROJECT

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
E. MARZETTI ◽  
R. CALVANI ◽  
F. LANDI1 ◽  
E. HOOGENDIJK ◽  
B. FOUGÈRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
European Population ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Geriatric Syndrome ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Traditional Paradigm

The current healthcare systems are built around the traditional paradigm of patients suffering from a single acute illness. They are therefore largely unprepared to face the increasing demands for health services arising from the expansion of an older population with specific medical needs related to multiple chronic disorders. As a consequence, the medical conditions of a large and growing segment of the older European population are not efficiently managed by the available healthcare services (1). Among these conditions, the geriatric syndrome of frailty has emerged as a significant public health priority. It is defined as a multidimensional condition characterised by decreased reserve and diminished resistance to stressors (2).

scholarly journals Clostridium difficile infection: a Serbian single-center experience

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Korac ◽  
Ivana Milosevic ◽  
Marko Markovic ◽  
Natasa Popovic ◽  
Milena Ilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Stool Culture ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea. Severity of CDI is associated with advanced age and co-morbidities. The clinical spectrum varies from mild watery diarrhea to severe fulminant pseudomembranous colitis with complications. Methodology: This study conducted over a six-year period (2008 to 2013) included 510 patients treated at the University Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases in Belgrade, Serbia. In patients with a history of previous hospitalization and/or treatment with antimicrobial agents who developed diarrhea, the diagnosis was established with rapid tests for C. difficile toxin A and B and by stool culture for C. difficile (454 patients) or by endoscopic examination and histological analyses of the biopsy samples taken from the colonic mucosa (56 patients). Results: The mean age of patients was 67.71± 13.34 years. A total of 67.8% patients were older than 65 years. Over half (58.7%) of the patients were female. 93% had been previously hospitalized and/or had surgical interventions, during which they had been treated with antibiotics. In the clinical presentation spectrum, pseudomembranous colitis occurred in 51.0% .The mean duration of illness after the introduction of specific antibiotic therapy was 7.10 ± 4.88 days. Complications developed in 14 patients. The disease relapsed in 43 (8.4%). Thirty-two (6.3%) patients died, mostly due to co-morbidities. Conclusions: CDI is the most important cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea in Serbia. The disease mainly affects elderly patients with co-morbidities. The incidence of complications is low and prognosis is age dependent and related to pre-existing diseases.

Rates of Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients Discharged From Spanish Hospitals, 1997-2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 886-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Soler ◽  
Francisco Nogareda ◽  
Rosa Cano
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Spanish Hospital ◽  
The Mean

We analyzed the Spanish hospital discharges registered from 1997 to 2005 with patient diagnoses of “intestinal infection due to Clostridium difficile.” The mean annual incidence rate was 41.2 diagnoses per 100,000 discharges. A significant increase was found from 1997 to 2005 (slope of the regression line [b], 5.12; P < .001). Overall rates were 2.5 times as high in the group of patients aged at least 65 years as in the group aged 45-64 years.

Metronidazole in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile infection in high-risk hospitalised patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
Marco Tobar-Marcillo ◽  
Maria Guerrero-Duran ◽  
Ariana Avecillas-Segovia ◽  
Lillana Pacchiano-Aleman ◽  
Roberto Basante-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea

scholarly journals Nosocomial and non-nosocomial Clostridium difficile infections in hospitalised patients in Belgium - compulsory surveillance data from 2008 to 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Viseur ◽  
M L Lambert ◽  
M Delmée ◽  
J Van Broeck ◽  
B Catry
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Case Characteristics

Surveillance of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is compulsory in Belgian hospitals. Our objectives were to compare incidence and case characteristics of nosocomial infections (Nc-CDI) with onset of diarrhoea more than two days after hospital admission, with non-nosocomial cases (Nnc-CDI). The database included inpatients from 2008 to 2010. Of 8,351 cases reported by 150 hospitals, 3,102 (37%) were classified as Nnc-CDI and 5,249 (63%) as Nc-CDI. In 2010, the mean incidence per 1,000 admissions was 0.95 for Nc-CDI and 0.56 for Nnc-CDI. Both incidences were relatively stable over the three years, with a slight decrease in 2010 (p<0.01). Onset of symptoms in Nnc-CDI cases took place in the community (57.1%), nursing homes (14.2%) or hospitals (17.5%); data for 11.2% were missing. Nnc-CDI cases were younger than Nc-CDI (median age 75 vs. 79 years, p<0.001), and more likely to be women (62% vs. 57%, p<0.001) and to have pseudomembranous colitis (5.3% vs. 1.6%, p<0.001). In 2009, C. difficile ribotype 027 was found in 32 of 70 reporting hospitals compared with 19 of 69 in 2010 (p<0.03). Although our study population only included hospitalised patients, the results do not support the hypothesis of an increase in the incidence of severe community-associated CDI.

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