scholarly journals Eurocities of the Iberian Borderland: A Second Generation of Border Cooperation Structures. An Analysis of Their Development Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6438
Author(s):  
José Manuel Jurado-Almonte ◽  
Francisco José Pazos-García ◽  
Rui Alexandre Castanho
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Development Strategies ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
One Step ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The new territorial structures for the governance of the borderlands between Portugal and Spain (Eurocities) constitute a novel and exciting example of a local commitment to cross-border cooperation (CBC). The Eurocities are feasible institutions in very close cities and municipalities, and have always had intense relationships. With different speeds, formats and intensities, Eurocities have been forming along the European Union’s internal borders. Compared to other types of cooperation entities created mainly at regional or sub-regional scales (Euroregions and Eurodistricts), Eurocities are created at the municipal or local level, which are the most relevant protagonists of cross-border flows and relations. These new institutions are established based on different common objectives, such as economic dynamism, tourism, mobility, sustainability and access to funding, among many other fields of common interest. The present research deals with the geographical and institutional framework of these new Eurocities on the Portuguese–Spanish border, where they have increased in recent years. Their beginnings, evolution and characteristics are analyzed through a review work. In many cases, Eurocities become responses at the local and municipal scales. Some of these Eurocities have gone one step further by becoming a European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC), such as Chaves–Marín or Guadiana Eurocity. In addition, some of these second-generation CBC structures are integrating into higher regional levels, such as in the case of the Río Minho EGTC. Furthermore, the present study enables us to identify factors, such as the offer of common equipment and services offer, Eurocitizenship, enhancing access to European Funds, or the marketing and advertising of the Eurocity, as some of the critical factors for the success of the Iberian Eurocities.

The Relevance of Political Engagement and Transparency in Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) Environments: Analyzing Border Cities in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-502
Author(s):  
Rui Alexandre Castanho
Keyword(s):  
Political Engagement ◽  
The Political ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Talented People ◽  
Political Perspective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Within European territories, exists a large number of borderlands comprising several Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) projects and strategies. However, these CBC relationships are known by a high level of complexity. Therefore, the study of all the variables and factors that could influence the success or failure of these CBC projects and strategies are critical to reaching long-lasting territorial sustainability. Contextually, the present paper analyzes the border cooperation of eight CBC projects (seventeen European cities) focusing on the political engagement and transparency. Furthermore, the study allows us to identify and isolate the four main critical factors to consider from a political perspective: (i) Connectivity - Movement between cities; (ii) Political transparency and commitment; (iii) Common objectives and master plans; and (iv) Young and talented people magnet.

Empirical sociological reflections on transborder interactions in ukrainian and western sociology

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Olesia Benchak
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of Ukrainian and foreign empirical sociological studies of cross-border mobility and cooperation as the main forms of cross-border interactions and to outline the subject field and methodological principles of research. The periodization of the development of theoretical sociology was used to organize the discourse of theoretical sociology on cross-border interactions. Methodological principles of sociological research of cross-border interactions are formulated. The consideration of cross-border interactions at four levels is substantiated: micro, meso, macro and inter-level. The micro level of cross-border processes is related to the experience of crossing the state border by specific entities, or trade at the local level. The mezo level relates to cross-border phenomenas that extends to regions such as regional cross-border cooperation. The macro level corresponds to cross-border processes that cover the entire territory of the state (interstate relations, international relations of national actors, interstate trade). The inter-level of cross-border phenomenas is related to the crossing of the borders of several or even many states. The use of the Pareto principle in the study of the dynamics of cross-border interactions is substantiated. The main dimensions of cross-border interactions are identified on the basis of factor analysis of the survey of Ukrainian-Slovak border residents "Information support and implementation of innovative approaches in cross-border cooperation between Slovakia and Ukraine". The toolkit of sociological research of cross-border interactions on the Ukrainian-Slovak border was constructed on the basis of expert interviews with researchers in the field of public administration, sociology, social work, representatives of public organizations and local communities of the Ukrainian-Slovak border.

Border Permeability And Drivers Of Cross-Border Cooperation In The Turkish And Eu Border Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Varol ◽  
Emrah Söylemez
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Dynamic Feature ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
National Border ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

<p>With the impact of globalization, increasing flows of social, economic and political relations have begun to redefine the state borders which causes the rising of new border identities. By this redefinition process, European Union (EU)'s external wall forming the boundaries with the neighbourhood countries have also begun to be rebuilt at local and regional level. Throughout this process, new frontier identities are formed with a degree of permeability where the state’s security policies act as the prior issue in the international relations.</p><p> </p><p>Border permeability, that contains grey values varying from closeness to full openness, defines the degree of permeability according to the size, shape and direction of the flows. Dynamic feature of the flows converts border space into a subject of continuous social, economic and political movement. In such places, actors leading the flows appear as the basic elements of permeability and they can be described as economic, political and socio-cultural agents. At the edge of supranational and national border, actors use networks, which are connected to both local and regional levels, in order to build up cross-border cooperation in different aspects. In this context, border regions transform into a space, where local actors develop methods to overcome the restrictiveness of constraints for the flows among the supranational and the national borders.</p><p> </p><p>This paper aims to evaluate the permeability between EU supranational border and Turkish national border and to define the new cross-border cooperation formed by the social, economic and political flows of the actors. In this context, the permeability and the new border identity will be assessed through three type of administrative body (supranational, national EU and national non-EU) by using the national and local level data supported by EU cross-border programmes and by in-depth interviews conducted at various actors including national institutions, local organizations and NGOs in Turkey.</p>

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS OF ACTIVIZATION SYNERGY OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION AT UKRAINE-EU BORDER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Zhalilo
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
National Level ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Specific features of the current stage of globalization modify the motivations, influencing the development of cross-border cooperation. This conditions the necessity to re-assess the driving forces of this cooperation and the factors of its performance. In the article has been studied the evolution of institutional factors, that ensure the provision of a positive synergetic effect of cross-border cooperation of regions and communities of Ukraine – at the border with European Union – in the process of evolving globalization and strengthening the real permeability of national borders. Based on the adaptation of the general theory of social systems’ synergy to the analysis of cross-border interaction, the risks and obstacles for the positive emergence have been determined, derived from the institutional insufficiency of Ukrainian partners in cross-border cooperation. Has been stressed upon the implicit change of borders’ perception at the local level due to the spontaneous diffusion of institutions. Has been distinguished the asymmetry of institutional frameworks, where partners from opposite sides of Ukraine-EU border act in. The asymmetry obstructs the formation of synergy and threatens the sustainability of cross-border integration institutions due to “gravitational” resources’ flows towards institutionally more stable economies, providing better factor productivity. The author grounds the importance of integration the development of cross-border cooperation into the national-level strategic documents and the development strategies of border regions and communities. The current situation in this sphere in Ukraine has been studied. The priority directions of institutional changes have been suggested, giving the opportunity to optimize cross-border interaction and to improve the positive impact of cross-border cooperation for the development of border regions and communities. In particular, author stresses upon the measures for institutional improvement of local actors, strengthening its subjectness and capacity for rational decision making in the sphere of cross-border cooperation. The author’s vison has been suggested for the methodology of actual problems’ capable to become the subject of interterritorial interaction identification.

scholarly journals How governance counts? Comparative analysis of activity and funding patterns of Central European cross-border cooperation programmes

Europa XXI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Pámer
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Cross-border cooperation – as objective 3 of cohesion policy since the 2007-2013 programming period – plays a key role in promoting Europeanisation, which is especially important in case of Central Europe that is dominated by small national states. Target areas of cross-border cooperation are the NUTS 3 units located along the state borders. As project generation, decision making and implementation is overwhelmingly done on regional level, territorial governance structures are decisive from cross-border cooperation point of view. The paper focuses on two programmes – the Slovenia-Austria and the Hungary-Croatia – whose target areas are lacking large urban centres, middle-size and small towns make up the backbone of the settlement network. The involved countries are very diverse in regional governance structures. Austria is a federal state with strong regional governments. Croatia and Hungary are unitary states with limited capacities on regional level. Slovenia is, again, a unitary state that lacks medium level of government, therefore the local level is the carrier of cross-border cooperation. Aim of the paper is to identify how different systems of territorial governance are reflected in the implementation of the programme and the allocation of funding. After presenting the premises of cross-border cooperation and a brief outline of the two programmes a quantified analysis will be presented based on primary ex-post programme data of the 2007-2013 Slovenia-Austria and Hungary-Croatia cross-border cooperation programmes. Analysis is conducted on LAU 2 level in order to show how different categories of the settlement structure contribute in terms of cooperation activity and absorption and how it is distributed between different types of beneficiary organisations.

scholarly journals A complex system for the production of pathogen-free grapevine propagating material

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gy. D. Bisztray ◽  
J. Lázár ◽  
E. Szegedi ◽  
G. Varga ◽  
B. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The use of pathogen-free planting stock for new vineyard establishment is a key component in the maintenance and expansion of vine and quality table grape production. The success of the necessary changes in the structure of the grape industry is forced by the globalization process, the climate change, the rediscovery of autochton varieties as well as breeding of new tolerant and resistant varieties. The renewal of vineyards largely depend on the availability of planting stocks. Serbia and Hungary found a common interest in establishing pathogen-free stock materials from newly breed resistant varieties and clonal selections of varieties which are traditional in the Serbian-Hungarian border area. During a cross-border cooperation program a complex system for the production of pathogen-free grapevine propagating material was established. Using heat therapy, in vitro shoot tip culture and traditional and molecular diagnostic techniques new pathogen-free stock materials were established from 26 varieties. They have been or will be tested for the presence of most important grapevine viruses, phytoplasmas, as well as bacterial and fungal pathogens. The complex system applying green grafting for indexing on grapevine indicators can shorten the duration of the procedure from 4 years to two-three years.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS OF ACTIVIZATION SYNERGY OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION AT UKRAINE-EU BORDER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Zhalilo
Keyword(s):  
Driving Forces ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
National Level ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Specific features of the current stage of globalization modify the motivations, influencing the development of cross-border cooperation. This conditions the necessity to re-assess the driving forces of this cooperation and the factors of its performance. In the article has been studied the evolution of institutional factors, that ensure the provision of a positive synergetic effect of cross-border cooperation of regions and communities of Ukraine – at the border with European Union – in the process of evolving globalization and strengthening the real permeability of national borders. Based on the adaptation of the general theory of social systems’ synergy to the analysis of cross-border interaction, the risks and obstacles for the positive emergence have been determined, derived from the institutional insufficiency of Ukrainian partners in cross-border cooperation. Has been stressed upon the implicit change of borders’ perception at the local level due to the spontaneous diffusion of institutions. Has been distinguished the asymmetry of institutional frameworks, where partners from opposite sides of Ukraine-EU border act in. The asymmetry obstructs the formation of synergy and threatens the sustainability of cross-border integration institutions due to “gravitational” resources’ flows towards institutionally more stable economies, providing better factor productivity. The author grounds the importance of integration the development of cross-border cooperation into the national-level strategic documents and the development strategies of border regions and communities. The current situation in this sphere in Ukraine has been studied. The priority directions of institutional changes have been suggested, giving the opportunity to optimize cross-border interaction and to improve the positive impact of cross-border cooperation for the development of border regions and communities. In particular, author stresses upon the measures for institutional improvement of local actors, strengthening its subjectness and capacity for rational decision making in the sphere of cross-border cooperation. The author’s vison has been suggested for the methodology of actual problems’ capable to become the subject of interterritorial interaction identification.

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