scholarly journals Changing Agricultural Landscapes in Ethiopia: Examining Application of Adaptive Management Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8939
Author(s):  
Amare Haileslassie ◽  
Wolde Mekuria ◽  
Petra Schmitter ◽  
Stefan Uhlenbrook ◽  
Eva Ludi
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Land And Water Management ◽  
The Impact

Ethiopia has decades of experience in implementing land and water management interventions. The overarching objectives of this review were to synthesize evidences on the impact of implementation of land and water management practices on agricultural landscapes in Ethiopia and to evaluate the use of adaptive management (AM) approaches as a tool to manage uncertainties. We explored how elements of the structures and functions of landscapes have been transformed, and how the components of AM, such as structured decision-making and learning processes, have been applied. Despite numerous environmental and economic benefits of land and water management interventions in Ethiopia, this review revealed gaps in AM approaches. These include: (i) inadequate evidence-based contextualization of interventions, (ii) lack of monitoring of bio-physical and socioeconomic processes and changes post implementation, (iii) lack of trade-off analyses, and (iv) inadequacy of local community engagement and provision of feedback. Given the many uncertainties we must deal with, future investment in AM approaches tailored to the needs and context would help to achieve the goals of sustainable agricultural landscape transformation. The success depends, among other things, on the ability to learn from the knowledge generated and apply the learning as implementation evolves

scholarly journals Review of Lessons Learned in Changing Agricultural Landscapes in Ethiopia: What Worked Well and What Didn’t Work so Well?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Haileslassie ◽  
Wolde Mekuria ◽  
Petra schmitter ◽  
Stefan Uhlenbrook ◽  
Eva Ludi
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Land And Water Management ◽  
The Impact

Ethiopia has decades of experience in implementing land and water management interventions. Nonetheless, there remains persisting challenges to follow an adaptive management (AM) approach in efforts of restoring and transforming agricultural landscapes. This review was carried out to synthesize evidences on the impact on agricultural landscapes following the implementation of land and water management practices and to evaluate the use of AM approaches. We explored how elements of the structures and functions of landscapes have been transformed, and how the components of AM, such as structured decision-making and learning processes, have been applied. Despite numerous environmental and economic benefits of land and water management interventions in Ethiopia, this review revealed gaps in AM approaches. These include: (i) insufficient efforts in relation to evidence based contextualization of interventions, (ii) insufficient efforts in monitoring of bio-physical and socio-economic processes and changes post implementation, (iii) lack of trade-off analyses, and (iv) inadequacy of local community engagement and provision of feedback. Given the many uncertainties we must deal with, efforts to restore and transform agricultural landscapes cannot follow a business-as-usual approach. Future investment, in AM approach, tailored to the needs and context would help to achieve the goals of sustainable agricultural landscape transformation. The success depends on three interdependent pillars of action: the ability to make a robust, co-developed plan of interventions, the ability to continuously monitor changes based on key variables, and to learn from the knowledge generated and apply the learning as implementation evolves.

scholarly journals Sediment Yield and Reservoir Sedimentation in Highly Dynamic Watersheds: The Case of Koga Reservoir, Ethiopia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3374
Author(s):  
Gebiaw T. Ayele ◽  
Alban Kuriqi ◽  
Mengistu A. Jemberrie ◽  
Sheila M. Saia ◽  
Ayalkibet M. Seka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Reservoir Sedimentation ◽  
Rating Curve ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Land And Water Management

Soil erosion is exacerbated by unsustainable land-use activities and poor management practices, undermining reservoir storage capacity. To this effect, appropriate estimation of sediment would help to adopt sustainable land-use activities and best management practices that lead to efficient reservoir operations. This paper aims to investigate the spatial variability of sediment yield, amount of sediment delivery into the reservoir, and reservoir sedimentation in the Koga Reservoir using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Sediment yield and the amount entered into the reservoir were also estimated using a rating curve, providing an alternative approach to spatially referenced SWAT generated suspended sediment load. SWAT was calibrated from 1991 to 2000 and validated from 2002 to 2007 using monthly observations. Model performance indicators showed acceptable values using Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) correlation coefficient (R2), and percent bias (PBIAS) for flow (NSE = 0.75, R2 = 0.78, and PBIAS = 11.83%). There was also good agreement between measured and simulated sediment yields, with NSE, R2, and PBIAS validation values of 0.80, 0.79, and 6.4%, respectively. The measured rating curve and SWAT predictions showed comparable mean annual sediment values of 62,610.08 ton/yr and 58,012.87 ton/yr, respectively. This study provides an implication for the extent of management interventions required to meet sediment load targets to a receiving reservoir, providing a better understanding of catchment processes and responses to anthropogenic and natural stressors in mixed land use temperate climate catchments. Findings would benefit policymakers towards land and water management decisions and serve as a prototype for other catchments where management interventions may be implemented. Specifically, validating SWAT for the Koga Reservoir is a first step to support policymakers, who are faced with implementing land and water management decisions.

scholarly journals Present challenges for future water sustainable cities: a case study from Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
L. Bonzanigo ◽  
G. Sinnona
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
The Future ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The global population is increasingly concentrated in cities. Cities and urban areas face many challenges – economic, social, health and environmental – which are often exacerbated by an increase in the frequency of natural disasters. Together, these challenges call for a shift towards sustainable cities which reduce their impact on the surrounding environment, whilst at the same time succeeding to make resources available to their increasing number of inhabitants. This article explores the state of the art of water management practices of the highly urbanised Northern Italian region and plans and scope for the future development of water management. Although the region is at present not under severe water stress, recently some cities faced water scarcity problems and were forced to implement water rationing. We assessed the vulnerability of Parma and Ferrara to a water crisis, together with the regular and emergency adaptation measures already in place, and the forecast for the near future. In two workshops, the authors adapted the Australian concept of Water Sensitive Urban Design for the Italian context. Although the population remains generally unaware of the impact of the two latest severe drought events (2003 and 2006/7), many adaptation measures towards a more sustainable use of the water resource are already in place – technically, institutionally, and individually. Water managers consider however that the drastic and definite changes needed to integrate the urban water management cycle, and which minimise the ecological footprint of urban spaces, lay far in the future.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE USE OF IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGIES AND WATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ARKANSAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
QIUQIONG HUANG ◽  
YING XU ◽  
KENT KOVACS ◽  
GRANT WEST
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Sprinkler Systems ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study investigates which factors may influence producers’ use of irrigation technologies and/or water management practices (WMPs). One major finding is that Arkansas producers are more likely to rely on WMPs instead of sprinkler irrigation as a response to changes in depth to water and drought occurrences. This finding highlights the importance of expanding the existing literature that focuses mostly on more efficient irrigation technologies, especially in areas where WMPs are more prevalent. Climate factors also play a role. Sprinkler systems are more prevalent in regions with lower average temperature. WMPs are used to mitigate the impact of more frequent droughts.

scholarly journals The Impact of Human Resources Management Practice amidst COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Froilan D. Mobo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The Impact

The Novel Corona Virus COVID-19 made a huge impact in most private and government institutions with regards to their Human Resource Management Practices, especially in terms of how employees will work during the time of the pandemic. As per the InterAgency Task Force on COVID-19 Philippines there is a need to observe Social Distance and proper quarantine protocol to avoid from the infections of the widespread virus. The Civil Service Commission Philippines and the other government agencies release a memorandum on the operational process of manpower during the pandemic situations. As a result of their discussion they have come-up with a new approach with regards to operational procedures on Human Resources. Most of the Human Resource Management Officer arranged a Work From Home Scheme while others on a 50% capacity of manpower to report for work depending on the quarantine protocol set by regions or provinces. New Best Practices will be applied in the coming New Normal in terms of Human Resources Management Approach.

scholarly journals Analysis of Farmers’ Perception on the Impact of Land Degradation Hazard on Agricultural Land Productivity in Jeldu District in West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Samuel Saguye
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Community Knowledge ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
The Impact

Land degradation is increasing in severity and extent in many parts of the world. Success in arresting land degradation entails an improved understanding of its causes, process, indicators and impacts. Various scientific methodologies have been employed to assess land degradation globally. However, the use of local community knowledge in elucidating the causes, process, indicators and effects of land degradation has seen little application by scientists and policy makers. Land degradation may be a physical process, but its underlying causes are firmly rooted in the socio-economic, political and cultural environment in which land users operate. Analyzing the root causes and effects of land degradation from local community knowledge, perception and adapting strategies perspective will provide information that is essential for designing and promoting sustainable land management practices. The main objective of this study was to analyze the perceptions of farmers’ on the impact of land degradation hazard on agricultural land productivity decline associated with soil erosion and fertility loss. The study used a multistage sampling procedure to select sample respondent households. The sample size of the study was 120 household heads and 226 farm plots managed by these farmers. The primary data of the study were collected by using semi-structured Interview, focus group discussions and field observation. Both descriptive statistics and econometric techniques were used for data analysis. Descriptive results show that 57percent of the respondents were perceived the severity and its consequence on agricultural land productivity. The following indicators of soil erosion and fertility loss were generally perceived and observed by farmers’ in the study area: gullies formations, soil accumulation around clumps of vegetation, soil deposits on gentle slopes, exposed roots, muddy water, sedimentation in streams and rivers, change in vegetation species, increased runoff, and reduced rooting depth. The direct human activities which were perceived to be causing land degradation in the study area include: deforestation and clearing of vegetation, overgrazing, steep slope cultivation and continuous cropping. The farmers’ possibility of perceiving the impact of land degradation hazard on agricultural land productivity was primarily determined by institutional, psychological, demographic and by bio-physical factors. Farmers who perceive their land as deteriorating and producing less than desired, tend to adopt improved land management practices. On the other hand, farmers who perceive their land to be fertile tend to have low adoption of conservation practices. In order to overcome this land degradation and its consequent effects, the study recommended a need for the government to enforce effective policies to control and prevent land degradation and these policies should be community inclusive /participatory founded up on indigenous and age-honored knowledge and tradition of farmers' natural resource management as well as introduced scientific practices.

scholarly journals Human Resources Practices in Effective Corporate Governance Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Murat Çolak ◽  
Melce Elegel
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Beverage Industry ◽  
Human Resource Management Practices ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Document Review ◽  
The Impact

Corporate governance is a concept that emphasizes sustainable growth and stability in order to successfully transfer businesses to future generations. It also allows businesses to be well managed under a professional, transparent, fair and accountable management approach. Corporate governance is closely related to the human resources practices carried out by the businesses and the institutionalization levels of the businesses. The lack of any initiative on human resources practices in enterprises or the lack of these practices constitutes the biggest obstacle to the institutionalization of businesses. The study created for this purpose is structured to examine the impact of human resources practices on corporate governance understanding. The study sample was prepared in a business in the food and beverage industry with 66 branches operating in Turkey. Qualitative research method based on the interview, document review and observation techniques was applied. According to the findings, successful human resource management practices were found to be closely related to the levels of corporate governance and institutionalization. It was determined that the deficiencies in human resources practices on the researched business prevented the formation of institutionalization and then prevented the corporate governance understanding.

The ex/inclusion paradox in heritage management: the Mobarak mosque in The Hague

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-269
Author(s):  
Karim van Knippenberg ◽  
Martijn Duineveld ◽  
Marleen Buizer
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heritage Studies ◽  
The Hague ◽  
Critical Heritage ◽  
Heritage Discourse

PurposeIn the field of critical heritage studies, it has often been argued that a more inclusive and participatory heritage management approach neutralises differences and can contribute to a more contemporary, plural, democratic and inclusive notion of heritage. Yet, the needs and aspirations of those assumed being excluded from heritage making are not always taken into account, because the analysis and critique often focussed on the dominant heritage discourses, organisations and institutions. This paper conceptualises heritage from below and explores and reconceptualises how subdominant notions of heritage relate to dominant, institutionalised conceptualisations of heritage.Design/methodology/approachBased on a case study of the Mobarak mosque in The Hague, the authors present the multiplicity of subdominant conceptualisations of heritage, the ways heritage is (expected to be) recognised and represented by the community and the complexity of issues of social inclusion/exclusion.FindingsThe authors conclude that inclusive and/or participatory heritage management practices are inclusive in name only when the needs and aspirations of those seemingly being “excluded” are not fully understood and taken into account.Originality/valueA binary heritage/non-heritage framework, the authors argue, is limited to understand matter that matters. Also the authors find that the assumption that there is a growing desire among local community groups to include their histories and related materialities as heritage in the dominant heritage discourse should be challenged.

scholarly journals Hydrogeology of Volcanic Highlands Affects Prioritization of Land Management Practices

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar A. Adem ◽  
Gashaw G. Addis ◽  
Dessalew W. Aynalem ◽  
Seifu A. Tilahun ◽  
Wolde Mekuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Land And Water Management ◽  
High Sediment ◽  
Tertiary Basalt

Volcanic highlands supply water to 40% of the world’s population. Soil degradation threatens this water supply. Studies on geohydrology that affect the effectiveness of land and water management (LWM) practices in reducing soil degradations are limited. To aid in the effectiveness of LWM practices, we conducted a field experiment in the Gomit watershed in the semihumid Ethiopian Highlands on the interaction of hydrogeology and LWM practices. We found that in a watershed with strongly faulted tertiary basalt, 30% of the rainfall was drained through faults to another basin. Consequently, the discharge at the outlet was less than half of that of other watersheds with quaternary basalts. Despite the high sediment concentration, i.e., around 15 g L−1, in the Gomit watershed, the sediment yield of less than 4 Mg ha−1 a−1 was below average for the agricultural watershed in Ethiopia because of the low runoff response. While some faults facilitated drainage, others acted as a barrier. Groundwater stored behind the barriers was used as a municipal potable water source. Since the effectiveness of LWM practices depends on the amount of erosion that can be prevented, considerations of country-wide prioritizing of investments in land and water management practices should include the geology of the watersheds.

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