scholarly journals Total Repair Cost Simulation Considering Multiple Probabilistic Measures and Service Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2350
Author(s):  
Yong-Sik Yoon ◽  
Yong-Han Ahn ◽  
Xiao-Yong Wang ◽  
Seung-Jun Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Repair Cost ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Repair Materials ◽  
Probabilistic Measures ◽  
Extended Service

In this study, the total maintenance cost for public houses in South Korea was analyzed, and the effect of each repair process on the total maintenance cost was evaluated with probabilistic and deterministic methods. In the probabilistic method, quality of repair materials and construction skills were considered in the variability of extended service life through repair, while the deterministic method considered it by simple summation of repair step. The repair cost was analyzed considering the coefficient of variation (COV) of extended service life, so the reasonable total maintenance cost was able to be evaluated. Since the results through the probabilistic method provided a continuous cost line, a reasonable repair strategy was carried out by simply changing the intended service life of the structure. The repair cost was additionally analyzed with constant COV (0.15) of each repair process for considering various situations. The analysis results with a COV of 0.15 exhibited a slightly higher maintenance cost than those with current COV. The total maintenance costs can be adjusted if the initial repair timing is extended to the largest possible extent for the highest-repair-cost process since the total repair cost is dominated by the process with the highest repair cost.

PERBANDINGAN METODE HOMOMORPHIC FILTERING DAN METODE CONTRAST STRECHING UNTUK PERBAIKAN KUALITAS CITRA UNDERWATER

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Mora Lubis ◽  
Nelly Astuti Hasibuan ◽  
Imam Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Image Process ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Image ◽  
Underwater Image ◽  
Homomorphic Filtering ◽  
Contrast Stretching

Digital imagery is a two-dimensional image process through a digital computer that is used to manipulate and modify images in various ways. Photos are examples of two-dimensional images that can be processed easily. Each photo in the form of a digital image can be processed through a specific software. In the water environment, the light factor greatly influences the results of the quality of the image obtained. With the deepening of underwater shooting, the results obtained will be the darker the quality of the underwater image. . uneven lighting and bluish tones. One of the factors that influence the recognition results in pattern recognition is the quality of the image that is inputted. The image acquired from the source does not always have good quality. The process of repairing digital images that experience interference in lighting. The lighting repair process uses homomorphic filtering and uses contrast striching and will compare the quality of both methods and test to prove the results of image quality between homomorphic filtering and contrast streching. Until later the results of both methods can be seen which is better. homomorphic filtering and contrast stretching can produce image improvements with pretty good performance.Keywords: Digital Image, Underwater Image, Homomorphic Filtering, Contrast Streching, Matlab R2010a

IMPLEMENTASI METODE RETINEX UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS CITRA UNDERWATER

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bainun Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Water Environment ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Image Process ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Image ◽  
Underwater Image ◽  
Object Search ◽  
Image Improvement ◽  
Underwater Object

Digital imagery is a two-dimensional image process through a digital computer that is used to manipulate and modify images in various ways. Photos are examples of two-dimensional images that can be processed easily. Each photo in the form of a digital image can be processed through certain software devices. In the water environment, light factors greatly influence the results of image quality obtained. With the deepening of underwater shooting, the results obtained will be the darker the quality of the underwater image. Underwater imagery is widely used as an object in various activities such as underwater habitat mapping, underwater environment monitoring, underwater object search. Uneven lighting and colors that tend to be bluish and runny. One of the factors that influence the recognition results in pattern recognition is the quality of the image that is inputted. The image acquired from the source does not always have good quality. The process of improvement in digital images that experience interference in lighting and exposure to sunlight. The lighting repair process uses the retinex method and will compare the quality of the two methods later. Until later the results of both methods can be seen which is better. Retinex method can produce image improvement with high performance.Keywords: Digital Cintra, Underwater, Matlab Retinex Method

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a New Drainage System for Decreasing Erosion in Road Hillslopes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117862212098872
Author(s):  
María Fernández-Raga ◽  
Iván García-Díez ◽  
Julian Campo ◽  
Julio Viejo ◽  
Covadonga Palencia
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Strategic Value ◽  
On The Road

Water is one of the most important erosive agents in roadside hillslopes. When these are built with ineffective drainage systems, erosion occurs, reducing road’s service life. However, these systems are not receiving the appropriate importance, given their strategic value. Therefore, a new drainage system called ‘branched’ is proposed in this study. Its technical and economic feasibility is compared with those of the traditional system, which consists of drainages with lines that follow maximum hillslope, to assess differences in relation to erosion, construction and maintenance costs, and service life. Different parameters were analysed, such as the average velocity of water (mm−1) running through the channels, its average specific energy (kJ), and its drag force (N). A scale model was constructed and used to test these factors before implementing it in natural terrain for testing it under field conditions. According to the theoretical and measured results, these factors were lower in the branched drainage than in the traditional one (from 24% to 34% in speed, from 37% to 60% in energy, and from 51% to 73% in force). The service life of hillslopes with a branched system of up to 0.5 m high and 1:2 grade is significantly longer than in those with a traditional drainage. Although the initial economic expense for the construction of the branched system is higher (€3534/m3 as opposed to €2930/m3 for the traditional one), its maintenance cost will be lower than the traditional one (€1230/m3 per year for the branched one as opposed to €1332/m3 per year for the traditional one). Consequently, under our experimental conditions, the proposed drainage will be profitable from the eighth year of construction, saving on the road maintenance in the following 15 years of service life.

scholarly journals Dynamic Repair and Robust Optimization of Complex Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Pengtao Zhang ◽  
Peng Bai ◽  
Chaoqi Fu ◽  
Shanshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Coupling Structure ◽  
Secondary Failure ◽  
Fundamental Reason ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Failure Node

Network repair is indispensable for maintaining network security. Conventional static repair is relatively inefficient. In this study, by considering the energy transfer between nodes, a dynamic repair model was established. The fundamental reason for the secondary failure of repaired nodes during the dynamic repair process is the coupling structure of failure networks. A dynamic repair strategy was proposed that can effectively prevent the secondary failure of repair nodes influenced by energy during repair and can cause the redundant capacity of repair nodes to be used reasonably. By turning off the energy transfer function of the link to control the excessive flow of energy into the repair node to avoid the occurrence of secondary failure; on the other hand, by sharing part of the load of the failure node, realize the rational use of the redundant capacity of the repair node to reduce the impact of the failure node on the overall function of the network. The proposed strategy mitigated the effect of failure nodes on network functions and substantially improved the recovery efficiency of network functions. Furthermore, redundant edges, behaving as energy redundant links in a network structure, can considerably improve the robustness of the network by optimizing the removal of redundant edges. Dynamic repair is not only an efficient repair method but also a highly flexible choice for network repair.

Operation and maintenance of Impressed Current Cathodic Protection systems on concrete civil structures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Brink Jansson ◽  
Ruth Sørensen ◽  
Kirsten Riis
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Civil Structures ◽  
Correct Operation ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Cathodic Protection System

Cathodic protection is a very well-known method of preventing or stopping reinforcement corrosion and thereby extending the service life of reinforced concrete civil structures. However, a number of factors, which among others are design, materials and components, installation methods, quality of workmanship, and operation and maintenance of the cathodic protection system, have influence on the functionality and effectivity of the cathodic protection system. The optimum design that fulfils the Client''s requirements to cost, traffic disruption, service life, etc. shall be determined in accordance with the structure layout and the ability of the Client''s organisation to conduct operation and maintenance. It is critical to ensure that all components are installed properly to achieve the expected service life of the system. Regular and correct operation and maintenance is also crucial to ensure the functionality and effectivity system.

scholarly journals A Costing Analysis for Decision Making Grid Model in Failure-Based Maintenance

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin M. A. ◽  
Sami M. Halawani ◽  
A. R. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Repair Cost ◽  
Grid Model ◽  
Computerized Maintenance Management System ◽  
Costing Analysis

Background. In current economic downturn, industries have to set good control on production cost, to maintain their profit margin. Maintenance department as an imperative unit in industries should attain all maintenance data, process information instantaneously, and subsequently transform it into a useful decision. Then act on the alternative to reduce production cost. Decision Making Grid model is used to identify strategies for maintenance decision. However, the model has limitation as it consider two factors only, that is, downtime and frequency of failures. We consider third factor, cost, in this study for failure-based maintenance. The objective of this paper is to introduce the formulae to estimate maintenance cost. Methods. Fish bone analysis conducted with Ishikawa model and Decision Making Grid methods are used in this study to reveal some underlying risk factors that delay failure-based maintenance. The goal of the study is to estimate the risk factor that is, repair cost to fit in the Decision Making Grid model. Decision Making grid model consider two variables, frequency of failure and downtime in the analysis. This paper introduces third variable, repair cost for Decision Making Grid model. This approaches give better result to categorize the machines, reduce cost, and boost the earning for the manufacturing plant. Results. We collected data from one of the food processing factories in Malaysia. From our empirical result, Machine C, Machine D, Machine F, and Machine I must be in the Decision Making Grid model even though their frequency of failures and downtime are less than Machine B and Machine N, based on the costing analysis. The case study and experimental results show that the cost analysis in Decision Making Grid model gives more promising strategies in failure-based maintenance. Conclusions. The improvement of Decision Making Grid model for decision analysis with costing analysis is our contribution in this paper for computerized maintenance management system.

A Novel Methodology to Manage Uncertainty for Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization in Conceptual Design

2008 ◽  
Vol 44-46 ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yu Shao ◽  
Xue Zheng Chu ◽  
Liang Gao ◽  
Hao Bo Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Probabilistic Method ◽  
Kriging Model ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Rough Sets Theory ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Sets Theory

Uncertainty in design and simulation affects the quality of product directly during the process of MDO, which should be considered to help designers to make the design decisions, especially at conceptual design stage. In traditional approaches, this uncertainty is ignored in the hope that it is not significant to the decision making. In this investigation, firstly, three main uncertainties in MDO of conceptual design are pointed out and carefully analyzed. Then, an innovative methodology integrating extract knowledge and probabilistic method to manage these uncertainties is presented. Considering practical application and eliminating the uncertainty in configuration, we propose a promising method combining Fuzzy c-means algorithm (FCM) and Rough Sets theory (RST) to deduce the configuration rule. Furthermore, probabilistic kriging model is utilized as an approximation model to reduce global computational expense of complex product. Sensitivity analysis (SA) is used to reduce uncertainty of inputs of simulation, and mean square error (MSE) is employed to assess model error to reduce model uncertainty. Finally, the validity and necessity of this methodology are demonstrated through the conceptual design of bulk carrier.

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