scholarly journals Evaluation of Changes in the Permeability Characteristics of a Geotextile–Polynorbornene Liner for the Prevention of Pollutant Diffusion in Oil-Contaminated Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4797
Author(s):  
Jeongjun Park
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Pressure Head ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reactive Medium ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Pollutant Diffusion

In this study, changes in the permeability characteristics of a geotextile–polynorbornene liner at different oil pollutant contact times were evaluated. Experiments and numerical analyses were performed, and ASTM D5887 and ASTM D6766 were applied as test methods. The test results show that, when the pollutant contact time and pressure head were 4 h and 75 kPa, the reaction between the geotextile–polynorbornene liner and the pollutant was almost complete. Moreover, a numerical analysis was used to measure the ratio of the concentration of the pollutant that permeated through the geotextile–polynorbornene liner to the initial pollutant concentration at different pollutant contact times. The ratio was between 70 and 83% after a pollutant contact time of 0.5 h and between 0.1 and 1.0% after 4 h. The test and numerical analysis results confirm that, as a reactive medium, the geotextile–polynorbornene liner can effectively prevent the diffusion of oil pollutants by changing its permeability characteristics.

scholarly journals Study on the hydraulic conductivity by constant and falling head methods for pervious concrete

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BATEZINI ◽  
J. T. BALBO
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Constant Head

The main goal of this paper is to show the analysis of the permeability characteristics of three different mixes of pervious concrete produced with the variation of the coarse aggregate size. Two different test methods were used to achieve the hydraulic conductivity of the samples: falling head and constant head permeability tests. Based on test results it is concluded that the pervious concrete mixes have shown to be good drainable materials. Besides, it was found that the permeability of the mixtures does not seem to depend on the size and gradation of the coarse aggregate.

Analisa Pengujian Repeatability Timbangan Elektronik dengan Metode Syarat Teknis Timbangan Non Otomatis dan Metode NMI Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Ponco Wali
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Repeat Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Technical Requirements

Testing repeat electronic scales with non-automatic scales technical requirements so far is fairly long if not using a calculator or computer. The aim of this research is to compare the repeatability testing method of electronic scales using methods according to the technical requirements of non-automatic scales and the Australian NMI method, both of which refer to OIML R76 in determining the validity or cancellation of electronic scales repeatability testing. This research method is done through repeat testing on 3 samples of electronic scales, then on each electronic scale 2 test methods are performed. The conclusion is that the electronic scales repeatability testing uses the non-automatic scales technical requirements method and the Australian NMI method has some differences although both refer to OIML R76. These differences include several points, namely the charge used, the method of adding additions, the formula for determining electronic scales, and different test results. The Australian NMI method is deemed to make it easier and more time efficient compared to the non-automatic weighing technical requirements method.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bleeding Resistance in Chip Seal and Asphalt Emulsion Residue Rheology

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Preeda Chaturabong
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Chip Seal ◽  
Asphalt Emulsions

Chip seal bleeding is influenced by many factors, including design inputs, material properties, and project-specific conditions. It reduces the surface texture of the pavement and thus compromises the safety of the traveling public. Even though factors that bring about premature bleeding are known, currently, no laboratory test methods for evaluating bleeding in chip seals have been specified. The objective of this paper is to present the results of an investigation of the influence factors of asphalt emulsion residue properties measured by the ASTM D7405 multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test, as well as other factors related to chip seal bleeding resistance as measured by the modified loaded wheel test (MLWT). In this study, the MSCR test was used as a tool for evaluating the performance of asphalt emulsions because it has been identified as a potential test related to bleeding in the field. In addition, MLWT was selected as a tool for evaluating chip seal bleeding performance in the laboratory. The results of the MLWT showed that the emulsion application rate (EAR), aggregate gradation, and emulsion properties were significant factors affecting bleeding. The MSCR test was found to be a promising tool for the performance evaluation of asphalt emulsion residue, as the test was able to differentiate between emulsion chemistries and modifications in terms of sensitivity to both temperature and stress. In relation to chip seal bleeding resistance, only the creep compliance (Jnr) obtained from the MSCR test results was identified as a significant property affecting potential for bleeding.

Shock Test and Acceleration Analysis Methods of Marine Diesel Engines to Underwater Explosions

2013 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Zhao ◽  
Rui Bo Zhang ◽  
De Bin Zhu ◽  
Hong Bin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Shock Acceleration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Shock Test ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Acceleration Analysis

Shock test of marine diesel engine is the important content for ship anti-shock research. Plentiful shock tests of equipments have been carried out abroad, but there is no detailed test methods of diesel engine. According to simulation results, 8-channel acceleration test points are determined. Because diesel engine is working, the measured shock acceleration is interfered by vibration signal. Orthogonal wavelet decomposition and wavelet noise reduction methods are used to separate shock component from test results. The seperated shock component consists of two parts. One is the low-frequency part caused by the shock from diesel foundation and then attenuation through the isolator, the other is the high-frequency part caused by the secondary shock of the retainer.

Application of Small Punch Test to Evaluate Tensile Properties of SA213T22 Grade Boiler Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 830-831 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
M. Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Small Punch Test ◽  
Small Punch ◽  
Punch Test ◽  
Aging Phenomena

Conventional tensile test methods are used for service exposed high temperature boiler tubes to evaluate the deterioration in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength and percentage elongation. The mechanical properties are required to be evaluated periodically as the boiler components undergo material degradation due to aging phenomena. The aging phenomena occurs due to continuous exposure of tubes to high temperature & pressure steam prevailing inside the tubes and high temperature exposure to corrosive combustible gases from the external surfaces within the boiler.A recent developed new technique called small punch testing has been used to evaluate the tensile properties of SA 213T22 grade steel predominantly exists in super-heater and re-heater sections of boiler. The small punch tests have been carried out on the miniature disk shaped specimens of diameter of 8.0 mm and 0.5 mm thickness extracted from both the new and service exposed tubes. Conventional uniaxial tensile tests on standard specimens from the same tube material have also been performed for comparison. The service exposed tubes showed considerable loss in mechanical properties in both the conventional and small punch test results. Correlations of tensile properties have been obtained based on the comparative analysis of both small punch and uniaxial tensile test results. Further, the study showed that an appropriate empirical relation could be generated for new and service exposed materials between both the techniques. Conventional test methods require large quantity of material removal for test samples from in-service components whereas small punch test method needs only a miniature sample extraction. This small punch test technique could also be extended to evaluate the thicker section boiler components such as pipelines and headers in the boiler as a part of remaining life assessment study. Also this technique could be a useful tool to any metallic component where large quantity of sample removal may be difficult or may not be feasible.

Inter-Bolt Variability of Cotton Duck #4 and the Effects on Cigarette Ignition Propensity Test Outcome

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Jupe ◽  
Donald K. Shipley ◽  
William Z. Hudson ◽  
Joseph T. Wanna ◽  
Linda C. Greear
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Astm Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ignition Propensity

Two bolts of cotton duck fabric that meet military specifications and the purchasing guidelines described by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for use as a substrate in "Test Methods for Quantifying the Propensity of Cigarettes to Ignite Soft Furnishings" were tested with smoldering cigarettes to determine the effect of inter-bolt variations on cigarette ignition propensity test outcome. The test was designed around an ASTM method that calls for the control of all known test variables, except for those inherent to the fabric's manufacture. The ignitability of each fabric was determined by testing two sets of 48 replications for each of two experimental cigarettes. The two bolts of cotton duck fabric showed a statistically significant difference in ignitions, independent of environmental and experimental fac tors. Two additional bolts of cotton duck #4 were analyzed. Cigarette ignition test results and the physical parameters of the additional bolts offer evidence that the NIST specifications are difficult to meet and further that test results are extremely sensitive to fabric properties.

Influence of loading rate on the capacity of a model pile in clay

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Displacement Transducer ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Normal Loading ◽  
Model Pile ◽  
Rate Of Loading

Loading tests were carried out on a model pile embedded in clay to examine the influence of rate of loading on the capacity of the pile. The pile was loaded to failure using constant rate of penetration (CRP), quick maintained loading (QML), and quick continuous loading (QCL) methods of loading. The QCL test models the Statnamic loading test, which has been recently developed in Canada. The CRP tests were used as a reference, and the results were normalized using the CRP test results. The durations of the QML and QCL tests varied from approximately 0.1 s to 17 min, which are significantly faster than normal loading rates. Applied loads and point load were measured using load cells, and top displacement was measured using a displacement transducer. The test results showed an increase in pile capacity with increased rate of loading. Damping was found to be significant for the QCL tests (duration = 0.1 s) and negligible for the QML tests (duration ≥ 10 s). Correcting the results of the QCL tests for damping, using the equilibrium point method developed for Statnamic testing, greatly improved the correlation of the QCL and QML test results. Key words : model piles, axial loading, loading rate, clay, laboratory study, test methods.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CONTACT TIME AND OZON DOSE TO POLUTANTS REDUCTION IN HOSPITAL WASTEWATER

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Prayitno Prayitno ◽  
Hadi Saroso ◽  
Hardjono Hardjono ◽  
Sri Rulianah
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pollutant Concentration ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Ozone Generator ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Chlorination Process ◽  
Ozone Dose ◽  
Ozonation Time ◽  
Counter Current

In Indonesia, Hospital wastewater treatment generally use biological process followed by chlorination process. Chlorination process has a negative impact on the aquatic environment that is cause death of other microorganisms by the residual chlorine. On the other hand, ozone is more effective than chlorine in killing microorganisms and other pollutants in hospital wastewater. The objective of research is to determine the effect of contact time and dose of ozone to reduction of pollutants (BOD, COD, free Ammonia and Phenol) in hospital wastewater. The experiment was carried out using an ozone reactor containing 'packing', an ozone generator as an ozone gas supplier. The experimental material is a hospital wastewater containing BOD, COD, Phenol and Ammonia free. The experimental variables used were: Contact time (1, 2, and 3 min), Dose of ozone (10, 15, and 20 mg/ L). Experiments were done by flowing hospital waste water at the top of the reactor ozone at certain rate and simultaneously flowed ozone gas from an ozone generator in the bottom of the ozone reactor so that it contacts the fluid in counter-current to the surface of the packing material (packing) in an ozone reactor. By adjusting the flowrate of the wastewater and the height of the packing, it can be determined the amount of contact time and ozone dose. Furthermore, by measuring the amount of pollutant concentration on the influent and effluent of the ozone reactor, it can be obtained the amount of removal in the pollutant concentration of the hospital wastewater.The results showed that contact time and ozone dose influence the decrease of pollutant concentration in hospital wastewater where contact time at 3 minutes and ozone dose 20 mg/L and ozonation time 15 minutes can reduce of pollutants concentration as BOD (97%), COD (98%), Ammonia free (97%), and Phenol (96%).

Experimental Research on Vibration Characteristics of Laminated Composite Cantilever Beam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Xiaobin Li ◽  
Hongxi Li
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Vibration Test ◽  
Test Results

Abstract In this paper, the vibration characteristics of laminated composite cantilever beam is taken as the research object. Firstly, a vibration formula specific for laminated composite cantilever beam is derived, from which the low order natural frequency of laminated composite cantilever beam is calculated; Secondly, two experimental methods, electrical and optical measurement, are used to study the vibration characteristics of laminated composite cantilever beam, and the influence of different test methods, sensor types, number of measuring points and excitation methods on the test results are analyzed. Through the combination of theory and experiment, a test method that can be applied to the vibration test of composite material laminated structure cantilever beam is obtained. Based on the laser vibration measurement method in the optical method, the results show that the deviation between the experimental data and the theoretical solution is the smallest when the distance between the probe and the specimen is 0.5m and the sampling time is 5s by using the optical fiber vibrometer. The research content of this article can provide a reasonable reference for related vibration test research.

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