scholarly journals Photogrammetry as a New Scientific Tool in Archaeology: Worldwide Research Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5319
Author(s):  
Carmen Marín-Buzón ◽  
Antonio Pérez-Romero ◽  
José Luis López-Castro ◽  
Imed Ben Jerbania ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
Close Range ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Scientific Tool ◽  
Great Advance

Archaeology has made significant advances in the last 20 years. This can be seen by the remarkable increase in specialised literature on all archaeology-related disciplines. These advances have made it a science with links to many other sciences, both in the field of experimental sciences and in the use of techniques from other disciplines such as engineering. Within this last issue it is important to highlight the great advance that the use of photogrammetry has brought for archaeology. In this research, through a systematic study with bibliometric techniques, the main institutions and countries that are carrying them out and the main interests of the scientific community in archaeology related to photogrammetry have been identified. The main increase in this field has been observed since 2010, especially the contribution of UAVs that have reduced the cost of photogrammetric flights for reduced areas. The main lines of research in photogrammetry applied to archaeology are close-range photogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry (UAV), cultural heritage, excavation, cameras, GPS, laser scan, and virtual reconstruction including 3D printing.

scholarly journals NON-CONTROLLED CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY METHOD BASED ON PHOTOMODELER SCANNER

2020 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W10 ◽  
pp. 1253-1259
Author(s):  
C. C. Huang ◽  
Y. J. Li ◽  
S. H. Tang ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
Y. Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Control Point ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Object Control ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Usb Camera ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Coordinate Data

Abstract. Aiming at the high demand of close-range photogrammetry for the object control points and the inconvenient carrying of digital camera to take photogrammetry in the field, a method of detail survey based on PhotoModeler Scanner software is proposed. USB camera combines with the centering rod, USB camera captures image data, Total station obtains the coordinates of the centering rod, the coordinate of projective center is calculated by using the coordinate of the centering rod, PhotoModeler Scanner software processes image data and coordinate data. Ultimately, image stereo measurement of the no object control point was realized. The experimental results showed that the error of the plane position of the solved target point was less than 10cm at a shooting distance of about 10m, and it met the accuracy requirements of detail survey. Therefore, the method can reduce the workload of field detail survey, reduce the cost and volume of the photographic equipment, and has certain application value.

scholarly journals Integration the Low Cost Camera Images with the Google Earth Dataset to Create a 3D Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-458
Author(s):  
Marwa Mohammed Bori ◽  
Zahraa Ezzulddin Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Statistical Analysis Method ◽  
Close Range ◽  
The Cost

As known Close range photogrammetry represents one of the most techniques to create precise 3D model. Metric camera, digital camera, and Laser scanning can be exploited for the photogrammetry with variety level of cost that may be high. In this study, the cost level is taken in to consideration to achieve balance between the cost and the obtained accuracy. This study aims to detect potential of low cost tools for creating 3D model in terms of obtained accuracy and details and comparing it with corresponding studies. Smart phone camera is the most available for everyone; this gave the motivation for use in this study. In addition, Google Earth was used to integrate the 3D model produced from all sides including the roof.  Then, two different types of the mobile camera were used in addition to the DSLR camera (Digital Single Lens Reflex) for comparison and analysis purposes. Thus, this research gave flexibility in work and low cost resulting from replacement the metric camera with the smart camera and the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with Google Earth data. Mechanism of the work can be summarized in four steps. Firstly, photogrammetry planning to determine suitable baselines from object and location of targets that measured using GPS and Total station devices. Secondly, collect images using close range photogrammetry technique. Thirdly, processing step to create the 3D model and integrated with Google Earth images using the Agi Photoscan software. Finally, Comparative and evaluation stage to derive the accuracy and quality of the model obtained from this study using statistical analysis method. Regarding this Study, University of Baghdad, central library was selected as the case study. The results of this paper show that the low cost 3D model resulted from integrating  phone and Google Earth images gave suitable result with mean accuracy level reached to about less than 5 meters compared with DSLR camera result, this may be used for several applications such as  culture heritage and architecture documentation.

scholarly journals MODERN POSSIBILITIES OF DOCUMENTATION AND REPLICATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 531-538
Author(s):  
K. Pavelka ◽  
C. Pappi ◽  
K. Pavelka jr.
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Iraqi Kurdistan ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

Abstract. This contribution deals with the documentation of archaeological finds using close-range photogrammetry. The method of close-range photogrammetry is presented in the form of modern technology SfM (Structure from Motion), which has become very popular in the last ten years and has infiltrated a number of fields other than geodesy. Archaeological excavations and documentation of finds were carried out as part of the Iraqi / Kurdistan expedition in 2018. Photogrammetry was used experimentally to create 3D models using a conventional digital camera. The results are satisfactory, and it was possible to create copies of the findings using rapid prototyping technology (3D printing). However, processing is not entirely simple and creating a quality model is time consuming.

scholarly journals COMBINED PRECISE DOCUMENTATION AND VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION OF PROPHET NAHUM SHRINE IN ALQOSH, IRAQ

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 909-913
Author(s):  
K. Pavelka ◽  
J. Šedina ◽  
K. Pavelka jr.
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Original Condition ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Virtual Reconstruction ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Basic Documentation

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In today's world, cooperation between companies that specialize in certain processes is important. There is a long term cooperation between the company GemaArt, focused on historical monument restoration and the Czech Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, dept. of Geomatics, Laboratory of photogrammetry Since 2006, we have finished a lot of projects focused on historical monument care. In the frame of our last project, which was focused on the revitalization and restoration of the Prophet Nahum Shrine in Alqosh in the Iraqi Region of Kurdistan, the detailed documentation and geophysical research of the shrine was carried out in 2018. Close-range photogrammetry, UAV and laser scanning were used for the basic documentation. Several data merge experiments were performed during processing. Significant was the transfer of the main object to the VR, which allows viewing of the object by other professionals without a direct visit to the site and to preserve its original condition before reconstruction.</p>

scholarly journals METODE FOTO RENTANG DEKAT (CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY) DAN AERIAL UNTUK PENDOKUMENTASIAN TIGA DIMENSI CAGAR BUDAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Brahmantara .
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Rms Error

Metode pendokumentasian Cagar Budaya telah mengalami perkembangan yang luar biasa, ditandai dengan adanyateknologi digital dalam sistem perekaman dan akuisisi data. Data visual yang dihasilkan melalui proses pendokumentasiandigital tidak hanya memberikan hasil dalam dua dimensi (2D), namun mampu memberikan interpretasi secara tiga dimensi(3D) dengan detail dan akurasi yang cukup tinggi. Salah satu metode yang berkembang saat ini adalah fotogrametri digital,baik close range photogrammetry (foto rentang dekat) dan aerial photogrammetry (foto udara) dengan wahana pesawattanpa awak (drone).Kajian metode foto rentang dekat (close range photogrammetry) dan foto udara ini merupakan salah satu metodependokumentasian yang murah (low cost methodology) apabila dibandingkan dengan pemindaian menggunakan instrumen3D laser scanning.Berdasarkankelebihantersebut,makaerludikajiefektitasmetodeiniuntukendokumentasinCagarBudaya berdasarkan tingkat/nilai akurasi yang dihasilkan.Hasil pengolahan dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hasil pendokumentasian dan pemodelan tiga dimensirelief kapal Candi Borobudur menggunakan metode foto rentang dekat (close range photogrammetry) dengan kontrol skalamenghasilkan nilai akurasi sebesar 5 mm, stupa terbuka dan arca singa masing-masing 3 mm dan 1,6 mm. Sedangkan hasilpemodelan Candi Borobudur dengan data foto udara wahana pesawat tanpa awak menghasilkan nilai akurasi sebesar 4cm. Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa metode foto rentang dekat dan foto udara menghasilkan tingkat akurasiyang cukup tinggi dan nilai RMS error yang rendah, sehingga kedua metode ini layak digunakan dalam pendokumentasiantiga dimensi Cagar Budaya dengan biaya murah.

scholarly journals Foundation Piles—A New Feature for Concrete 3D Printers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2545
Author(s):  
Marcin Hoffmann ◽  
Krzysztof Żarkiewicz ◽  
Adam Zieliński ◽  
Szymon Skibicki ◽  
Łukasz Marchewka
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Shallow Foundation ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Permanent Formwork ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
New Feature ◽  
The Cost

Foundation piles that are made by concrete 3D printers constitute a new alternative way of founding buildings constructed using incremental technology. We are currently observing very rapid development of incremental technology for the construction industry. The systems that are used for 3D printing with the application of construction materials make it possible to form permanent formwork for strip foundations, construct load-bearing walls and partition walls, and prefabricate elements, such as stairs, lintels, and ceilings. 3D printing systems do not offer soil reinforcement by making piles. The paper presents the possibility of making concrete foundation piles in laboratory conditions using a concrete 3D printer. The paper shows the tools and procedure for pile pumping. An experiment for measuring pile bearing capacity is described and an example of a pile deployment model under a foundation is described. The results of the tests and analytical calculations have shown that the displacement piles demonstrate less settlement when compared to the analysed shallow foundation. The authors indicate that it is possible to replace the shallow foundation with a series of piles combined with a printed wall without locally widening it. This type of foundation can be used for the foundation of low-rise buildings, such as detached houses. Estimated calculations have shown that the possibility of making foundation piles by a 3D printer will reduce the cost of making foundations by shortening the time of execution of works and reducing the consumption of construction materials.

Performance Dynamic Tracking and Analysis System of Road Traffic Signs

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 2404-2408
Author(s):  
Jun Ma ◽  
Wen Ying Su
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Dynamic Tracking ◽  
Data Acquisition Software ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Analysis System

In view of the heavy workload and possible intervention to the normal traffic flow during the performance testing of road traffic signs, this paper is designed to present a system that can be installed in an automobile and automatically track and analyze the performance of traffic signs. The system consists of a carrying vehicle, GPS, IMU, area-array cameras, frame grabbers, data acquisition software and data analysis software. Based on close-range photogrammetry technology, the system is designed with a set of effective road traffic signs automatic detection algorithms, which can automatically measure and analyze the properties of road traffic signs, such as dimensions, headroom and verticality of the column, etc.

scholarly journals ILRS Reference Point Determination Using Close Range Photogrammetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2785
Author(s):  
Michael Lösler ◽  
Cornelia Eschelbach ◽  
Thomas Klügel ◽  
Stefan Riepl
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Geodetic Reference System ◽  
Unscented Transformation ◽  
Local Ties ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Space Geodetic Techniques ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Point Determination

A global geodetic reference system (GGRS) is realized by physical points on the Earth’s surface and is referred to as a global geodetic reference frame (GGRF). The GGRF is derived by combining several space geodetic techniques, and the reference points of these techniques are the physical points of such a realization. Due to the weak physical connection between the space geodetic techniques, so-called local ties are introduced to the combination procedure. A local tie is the spatial vector defined between the reference points of two space geodetic techniques. It is derivable by local measurements at multitechnique stations, which operate more than one space geodetic technique. Local ties are a crucial component within the intertechnique combination; therefore, erroneous or outdated vectors affect the global results. In order to reach the ambitious accuracy goal of 1 mm for a global position, the global geodetic observing system (GGOS) aims for strategies to improve local ties, and, thus, the reference point determination procedures. In this contribution, close range photogrammetry is applied for the first time to determine the reference point of a laser telescope used for satellite laser ranging (SLR) at Geodetic Observatory Wettzell (GOW). A measurement campaign using various configurations was performed at the Satellite Observing System Wettzell (SOS-W) to evaluate the achievable accuracy and the measurement effort. The bias of the estimates were studied using an unscented transformation. Biases occur if nonlinear functions are replaced and are solved by linear substitute problems. Moreover, the influence of the chosen stochastic model onto the estimates is studied by means of various dispersion matrices of the observations. It is shown that the resulting standard deviations are two to three times overestimated if stochastic dependencies are neglected.

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