scholarly journals Analysis of Policies of Railway Operators Using SWOT Criteria and the SIMUS Method: A Case for the Bulgarian Railway Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6948
Author(s):  
Svetla Stoilova ◽  
Nolberto Munier
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The Status ◽  
Interactive Modelling ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Railway Operation

This study is useful for railway operators as it enables them to verify their decisions against the results of the application of the techniques of strategic planning and multi-criteria analysis. It gives railway stakeholders concise, objective and unbiased information so that they can then make decisions and also allows them to determine the strengths and sensitivity, of the best solution found. This paper presents a methodology for the assessment of the policies of railway operators using Strengths–Weakness–Opportunities–Threats (SWOT) criteria and the Sequential Interactive Modelling for Urban Systems (SIMUS) method. The methodology of the research consists of two stages. In the first stage, the alternatives of the policies for the railway operator are formulated; the criteria in the SWOT group are defined; and the values of the criteria are determined for each of the alternatives. In the second stage, the SIMUS method is applied to rank the alternatives and assess the criteria in the SWOT groups. The criteria are interpreted as objectives and linear optimizations are performed. A comparison between the desired values for each objective of the SWOT criteria and the optimum values of the objective functions obtained by SIMUS was made. The methodology was applied to the Bulgarian railway network. Three policies for railway operation were studied. The total number of 17 railway policies criteria in the SWOT group were defined and assessed—three strengths criteria, seven weaknesses criteria, three opportunities criteria and four threats criteria. The results indicated that the best strategy is A3 (some reconstruction of the railway infrastructure and new rolling stock on some lines), with the highest score of 3.76, followed by A2 (new rolling stock on some lines), with a score of 2.71. The status-quo strategy (A1) has a very low score of 0.43, that the current situation or status-quo cannot be supported. The weights of both strengths and opportunities are both of the same importance with a weight of 0.180. It was found out that the clusters Weakness and Threats are dominant with weights of 0.4 and 0.24 respectively. The results show that the weights are all practically the same, about 0.06, and therefore, no discrimination by importance is possible. The methodology makes it possible to consider the alternatives simultaneously, and in this way, the results will reflect the effect of one criterion on all others, and permit us to quantify the differences between expected and real results.

Coordination of technology of railway operation of the Republic of Tajikistan and organization of railways in international traffic

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Pulatov
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Railway Operation ◽  
Required Quality

Current geopolitical and economic conditions for the functioning of railway transport in most post-Soviet states are such that it is extremely difficult to provide required quality of transport services and break-even operations at high expenses for maintaining the railway infrastructure and rolling stock. Dynamics of transportation of the Tajik Railway (TSR) is shown, which displays that most of its sections are classified as low-intensity ones. The paper proposes methodical principles, setting and qualitative analysis of the task of rationalization of operational work and organization of car flows for international transportation, taking into account the specifics of the Tajik Railway. There is a problem of complex maintenance of the efficiency of operational work in modern conditions based on the synthesis of the tasks of self-management (rational internal operational technology of the Tajik Railway) and coordination tasks (technological interaction with railway administrations of other states). Author substantiated the necessity of solving this problem. Proposed classification of technological restrictions and controlled variables in the performance of transport takes into account methods for changing external conditions for the functioning of the railway landfill and methods for increasing internal efficiency of its operation. The search for the solution of the problem involves direct search of variants along its ordered set with clipping of groups of variants that do not correspond to constraints, with the subsequent finding of compromise control over a set of effective alternatives.

scholarly journals Principles of the Feedback Action in Local Elements of Rail Yard Interaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.3) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Petro Yanovsky ◽  
Victoriia Yanovska ◽  
Sergiy Lytvynenko ◽  
Halyna Nesterenko ◽  
Larysa Lytvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Transport Process ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Sorting Process ◽  
Railway Operation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Rail Yards ◽  
Significant Shortage

Achievement of high-quality servicing level of cargo owners should be carried out under unconditionally effective use of rolling stock of railways and technical means. The real transport process should be implemented based on logistic cargo supply chains by types of connections for each shipment. The practice of railway operation shows that there is a significant shortage of train locomotives as a result of which the departure of ready trains at rail yard is often not carried out. In such cases, a feedback effect in local elements of interaction of these stations occurs. Due to delay in departure of trains, sending of already formed trains from rail yards is delayed; furthermore, because of the overflow of rail yard tracks, the sorting process on marshalling humps can be slowed down and delay of prepared trains for dismantling at arrival yard may occur. As a result of feedback action, downtimes of rail cars are increasing and movement of inventories is slowing down. In order to mitigate feedbacks effects in local elements of interaction, the principles of their operation, consideration of which will enable acceleration in passage of the rail car and cargo traffic through the railway network in practical activity, were formulated.  

The status of the subject in the classroom community of inquiry

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Šimenc
Keyword(s):  
Community Of Inquiry ◽  
Classroom Community ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Authentic Community ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emergent Community ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
By Products

This article deals with the issue of how to establish an authentic community of inquiry. I propose the introduction of a distinction between two stages of the community of inquiry: the stage of an emergent community of inquiry and the stage of an established community of inquiry. Further on, I propose an analysis of the structure of intentions and goals in the community of inquiry using Elster's concept of `states that are essentially by-products'. I suggest that the position of the subject be defined on the basis of the aforementioned two stages of the community: in the first stage, there is a community consisting of equal individuals who voluntarily engage in dialogue, whereas in the second stage there is a subject who is not engaged in dialogue, but arises in it at a certain point. It seems that it is the internalized dialogical community, in which the participants are equal and strive for clarity and transparency, that generates the necessary space for the particular foundation of the subject to show itself — the particular foundation that is not yet captured in reflection and that defies articulation in dialogue.

Application of the Prediction Model "SCHALL 03" for Railway Noise Calculation in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Momir Praščevič ◽  
Aleksandar Gajicki ◽  
Darko Mihajlov ◽  
Nenad Živković ◽  
Ljiljana Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
National Level ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Railway Noise ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Railway Infrastructure

Application of the prediction models for railway noise indicators calculation, which was already developed by other countries, represents a major challenge in Serbia. Prediction model "Schall 03" was developed in line with technical and technological characteristics of the rolling stock and infrastructure of German Railways. Prior to its application at the national level, due to different technical-technological characteristics of railway stock and railway infrastructure it is necessary to perform its validation and, depending on the needs, the calibration in accordance with local conditions. This will assure accuracy and precision of the calculations of noise indicators, as well as confidence in the results obtained by prediction model "Schall 03". This paper presents the analysis of the possibilities to apply German prediction model "Schall 03" on the Serbian railway network, more precisely railway section from Belgrade to Romanian border. Calculated values of noise indicators were compared with the results of measurements of noise indicators within measuring interval, which correspond to the referent time intervals for different day periods.

scholarly journals Construcción discursiva multimodal sobre la educación de los dos candidatos presidenciales más votados en las elecciones de Chile 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-112
Author(s):  
Patricia Baeza Duffy ◽  
Liliana Vásquez-Rocca ◽  
Dominique Manghi H.
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
The Status ◽  
Critical Discourse Studies ◽  
Discourse Studies ◽  
Two Stages

This paper aims to characterize the discursive construction of two Chilean presidential candidates of 2017 on education, from an intersubjective, multimodal and critical perspective, which integrates the multimodal discourse analysis, the appraisal model, and the critical discourse studies. The methodology is qualitative. The corpus is made up of the programs and television networks of the two Chilean presidential candidates. The analysis was developed in two stages, one descriptive and the other interpretive-integrative. After the analysis, the results showed that the construction of meanings is carried out through intersemiotic evaluative prosodies, in which predominate appreciations, and to a lesser extent, judgments and affects. These evaluative prosodies shape strategies of legitimization and delegitimization: discredit and concealment in Piñera and alignment in Guillier. In this way, Piñera perpetuates the status quo of market logic in education, while Guillier uses the macro-strategy of transforming that status quo. The use of perpetuation macrostrategies by Piñera, has had profound social implications in Chilean society since the discursive construction of the aforementioned politician responds to a neoliberal model that is characterized by the application of the principles that come from private companies that enter in tension with inclusive education as they encourage selection and segregation rather than inclusion.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kepemilikan Assets Terhadap Tingkat Pendapatan Petani Padi di Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Novianti Novianti ◽  
Romano Romano ◽  
Zakiah Zakiah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Two Stages

Abstrak. Indonesia adalah negara agraris, dimana sebagian besar penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani, terutama petani padi. Kepemilikan assets terdiri dari kepemilikan lahan, kepemilikan modal, modal pinjaman dan status penguasaan lahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemilikan assets (lahan, modal, modal pinjaman dan status penguasaan lahan). Lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara dua tahap, tahap pertama adalah secara strata dan tahap kedua secara acak (stratified random sampling). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kepemilikan assets terhadap pendapatan petani padi di Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar adalah lahan (X1), modal (X2), modal pinjaman (X3) dan status penguasaan lahan (X4). Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa, modal (X2) dan status penguasaan (X4) berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani. Sedangkan lahan (X1) dan modal pinjaman (X3) tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani.Kata kunci :kepemilikan assets, pendapatan dan Status Penguasaan Lahan Abstract. Indonesia is an agricultural country, where most people are farmers, especially rice farmers. Owners assets consist of land ownership, ownership of capital, capital loan, and land ownership. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of the ownership of assets (land, capital,  capital loan and land ownership). The location of this study conducted in the sub-district of Kuta Baro Aceh Besar Regency. The sample used in this study carried out in two stages, the first stage is to strata and the second stage randomly (stratified random sampling). The results showed that the effect of the ownership of assets on the income of rice farmers in the sub-district of Kuta Baro Aceh Besar Regency is land (X1), capital (X2), capital loan (X3)  and land ownership (X4). The results of data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis showed that the capital (X2) and the status of mastery (X4) influence on farmers' income. While, land (X1) and capital loan (X3) no effect the farmers’ income.Keywords: Ownership of Assets, Revenues, Rice Farmers.

scholarly journals Radical changes are needed for transformations to a good Anthropocene

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timon McPhearson ◽  
Christopher M. Raymond ◽  
Natalie Gulsrud ◽  
Christian Albert ◽  
Neil Coles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Cultural Shifts

AbstractThe scale, pace, and intensity of human activity on the planet demands radical departures from the status quo to remain within planetary boundaries and achieve sustainability. The steering arms of society including embedded financial, legal, political, and governance systems must be radically realigned and recognize the connectivity among social, ecological, and technological domains of urban systems to deliver more just, equitable, sustainable, and resilient futures. We present five key principles requiring fundamental cognitive, behavioral, and cultural shifts including rethinking growth, rethinking efficiency, rethinking the state, rethinking the commons, and rethinking justice needed together to radically transform neighborhoods, cities, and regions.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Railway Network Performance in Countries of the TEN-T Orient–East Med Corridor

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetla Stoilova ◽  
Nolberto Munier ◽  
Martin Kendra ◽  
Tomáš Skrúcaný
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
European Area ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Allowable Range ◽  
Criteria Weights ◽  
Interactive Modelling

Railway networks have different levels of development, which affects the overall transport process and integrated sustainable development. This paper presents a methodology to assess and classify the railway network performance along the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) core network corridor. The Orient–East Med corridor (OEM) has been examined. Twenty-two infrastructural, economic and technological criteria for assessment of railway transport have been proposed. The countries were ranked used multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), by applying the Sequential Interactive Modelling for Urban Systems (SIMUS). A sensitivity analysis was performed regarding each objective, and then, their allowable range of variation was determined without modifying the whole ranking of countries. The criteria weights have been determined on the basis of the output of using the SIMUS method. It was found that the main criteria for ranking the countries are: length of the connecting railway lines of the corridor in the country, length of the railway lines in the country, number of intermodal terminals, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, passengers transport performance, freight transport performance for the railway network, corridor freight usage intensity. It was found that the railway transport in the area of the OEM corridor located in Central Europe is better developed than in the Southeast European area. A cluster analysis was performed to classify countries into groups to verify the results. The results show that the eight countries included in the OEM corridor can be classified into three groups. The methodology could be used to make decisions about transport planning and improvement of the connectivity and sustainability of the railway transport, considering their development.

Altered Fine Structure of B Lymphocytes Correlated with Defective Terminal Differentiation

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
Dale E. Bockman ◽  
L. Y. Frank Wu ◽  
Alexander R. Lawton ◽  
Max D. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Deficiency Diseases ◽  
Cell Line Generation

B-lymphocytes normally synthesize small amounts of immunoglobulin, some of which is incorporated into the cell membrane where it serves as receptor of antigen. These cells, on contact with specific antigen, proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells which synthesize and secrete large quantities of immunoglobulin. The two stages of differentiation of this cell line (generation of B-lymphocytes and antigen-driven maturation to plasma cells) are clearly separable during ontogeny and in some immune deficiency diseases. The present report describes morphologic aberrations of B-lymphocytes in two diseases in which second stage differentiation is defective.

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