The status of the subject in the classroom community of inquiry

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Šimenc
Keyword(s):  
Community Of Inquiry ◽  
Classroom Community ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Authentic Community ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emergent Community ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
By Products

This article deals with the issue of how to establish an authentic community of inquiry. I propose the introduction of a distinction between two stages of the community of inquiry: the stage of an emergent community of inquiry and the stage of an established community of inquiry. Further on, I propose an analysis of the structure of intentions and goals in the community of inquiry using Elster's concept of `states that are essentially by-products'. I suggest that the position of the subject be defined on the basis of the aforementioned two stages of the community: in the first stage, there is a community consisting of equal individuals who voluntarily engage in dialogue, whereas in the second stage there is a subject who is not engaged in dialogue, but arises in it at a certain point. It seems that it is the internalized dialogical community, in which the participants are equal and strive for clarity and transparency, that generates the necessary space for the particular foundation of the subject to show itself — the particular foundation that is not yet captured in reflection and that defies articulation in dialogue.

THE COVID-19 FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND ASPECTS OF AUDIT QUALITY ASSURANCE IN GEORGIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1(21)) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
David Bidzinashvili
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Variable ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Working Out

The new Corona-virus and the contagious disease which it causes, the so called COVID 19, put forward the serious challenges for many countries all over the world and for Georgia among them. Almost the whole world is facing very serious obstacles on the international and national levels. Too many problems emerged in the world countries. To resist against the new disease has become the main priority for each country. The global processes caused by the pandemics have influenced the audit service as well. The uncertainty and unpredictability caused the new risks of deficiencies and activated already existed ones in the new environment. The situation became more complicated due to the fact that it can happen that the auditors do not consider the mentioned risks in the process of planning for audits or the risks may be considered mistakenly. The firms and other economical institutions in which the audit is carried out are obliged to adopt the new rules and changing environments in which their businesses function; they should change the rules of fulfilling the operation, preparing the financial accounts, the processes of their representing the information processes, safety of information shown in the financial accounts, the rules of their preparing; they also evaluate the possibilities of keeping on their activities in the nearest future. The qualified performing of the audit implies the basical elemenst which helps to create such environment where the possibility of the high level audit will be at the maximum. Implementing the quality control implies that such system will include two stages; each of them is directed towards providing the audit processes according the international standards There are several types of the quality improvement system. In all of them the main variable value represents the amount of costs for the proper system. All countries choose the system which provides benefits taking the costs into consideration. There are four main stages in the process of implementation the system which will ensure the high quality audit. Here are four main stages shown in the process of implementation:  The first stage: to carry out diagnostic observation;  The second stage: stating the view;  The third sage: working out the system;  The fourth stage: implementation of the system. The firms and other economical institutions where the audit is carried out are obliged to be reliable with their activities in the changing situation in which their businesses function. The subjects change the rules of carrying out the usual operations, change the open information given in the financial accounts, and estimate the possibilities of maintaining the existing possibilities for the nearest future. It is important to revise some standards out of Audit International Standards and to make them fit for revealing and assessing the risks of essential mistakes and discrepencies. The controlled variation of the standard regulates such issues as the newly corrected risks caused by influences of COVID-19 pandemic on the planned approaches to the audit and also, evaluation of the risks already defined and making changes in them taking into consideration the influence of the errors in the risk evaluations and influence made upon the planned evaluations and audits the changes of which will influence the evaluations of the risks in the inner control of the subject on the previously made imagination of the control environment, in order to define the measures to be taken in order to change the reactions to the mistakes using different measures in order to reach the trustful mechanisms to rely on. International standards of audit– answering to the assessed risks, the checked variation of the standard implies that it maybecome necessary to change the measures of reaction to the changes in the circumstances in order to obtain enough reliable measures and activities to control the situation by means of enough auditory evidences. The auditor has responsibilities to take into consideration that largening the deadlines will cause growth of the period and the risks of the dates of events which will happen in the time interval between accountability date and the date of the conclusion made by audit, the audit is also responsible for any event taking place later in relation to the Covid-19 situation. He is responsible also for evaluation of the fact about financial information. The enterprise functioning within nowadays complex environment taking into consideration the situation of COVID 19, should consider such priority issues as the uncertainty accompanying the Covid situation, related covenants, and others which accompany the pandemic period, among them the region, the financial state of customers and dealers, liquidating and paying capacity. During the process of the risk assessments it should considered that Covid 19 pandemic greatly influenced the global economics and the separate branches such as hotels business, retail sail, tourism and others. As a result of pandemic, it is possible that the number of audit considerations and thee circumstances can modify them which can be conditioned by different circumstances and the audit will state if there are incorrectable improper conditioned due to the circumstances. The audit will make it certain there are unimprovable mistakes which apart and together are essential for the financial accountability and the auditor will conclude that they cannot acquire the proper conditioned which apart or together could be essential financial accounts or the audit will conclude that they are not able to the essential accountability. Important researches were led to assess the appeared situation and it was concluded that the COVID 19 pandemic had influenced the financial situation which showed that the specific actions and procedures became complicated.

scholarly journals EKSPLORASI SIKAP DAN PENGETAHUAN MENGENAI PENGGUNAAN TURNITIN DAN TEKNIK PARAPHRASING DALAM KONTEKS AKADEMIK

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Zulmi Ramdani ◽  
Nurul Fajriyah Prahastuti ◽  
Bagus Hary Prakoso
Keyword(s):  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Writing Process ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Attitudes And Knowledge ◽  
Two Stages

This study aims to explore the attitudes and knowledge possessed by an academician in making an article in accordance to the ethical code of scientific research. There were 116 participants involved in this study. The research method was carried out through two stages, the first stage is test descriptive statistics psychological description of the attitude and knowledge of subjects about the use of Turnitin and citation techniques and the second stage is conducting exploration using an open questionnaire. The results showed: the subject frequency was still very low in using this media;  there was a linear correlation between the low intensity of use and the attitude they have in the writing process; and the use of Turnitin media and the citation techniques was important.

scholarly journals Social-emotional Competencies in Peruvian Educational Institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-592
Author(s):  
Aracelli Gonzales-Sánchez ◽  
Margoth Luliana Berrío-Quispe ◽  
Carlos Mario Fernández Díaz ◽  
Yolvi Ocaña-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Emotional Competencies ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Socioemotional Competence ◽  
Common Term ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages

The socioemotional competencies contribute to the integral formation of the student as it unites the cognitive with the emotional; at the criterion of this study, two stages were considered to be approached in the school: the first one promoted an adequate coexistence of all the actors of the educational community, avoiding the situation of violence: the second stage will have to do with the effects produced during the health emergency by the COVID- 19. The main purpose of this study was to inquire about the academic literature on the subject of socioemotional competence in the context of Peruvian educational institutions. The method employed was a qualitative descriptive literature review. The results allowed exploring the topic from academic and documentary contributions. It was concluded that there is no consensus on a common term for socioemotional competencies; however, there is no doubt that the impulse given in educational institutions contributes to the integral formation of the student.

scholarly journals STUDYING THE ESP NEEDS OF STUDENTS OF ECONOMICS AND SOCIO-POLITICAL STUDIES

2022 ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Albena Stefanova
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Needs Analysis ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The University

The article presents a study of the ESP needs of students of economics and socio-political studies aimed at course optimisation. The research includes two stages with the pilot one having finished in June 2021 and involving the students at the University of National and World Economy (UNWE) in Bulgaria as well as the subject and ESP lecturers at UNWE. The second stage is being conducted with students from universities with the profile of UNWE in Bulgaria and worldwide (April-October 2021). The results from the survey of students from the pilot stage are presented and analysed in detail along with a review of the ESP needs analysis studies. 

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kepemilikan Assets Terhadap Tingkat Pendapatan Petani Padi di Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Novianti Novianti ◽  
Romano Romano ◽  
Zakiah Zakiah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Two Stages

Abstrak. Indonesia adalah negara agraris, dimana sebagian besar penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani, terutama petani padi. Kepemilikan assets terdiri dari kepemilikan lahan, kepemilikan modal, modal pinjaman dan status penguasaan lahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemilikan assets (lahan, modal, modal pinjaman dan status penguasaan lahan). Lokasi penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara dua tahap, tahap pertama adalah secara strata dan tahap kedua secara acak (stratified random sampling). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh kepemilikan assets terhadap pendapatan petani padi di Kecamatan Kuta Baro Kabupaten Aceh Besar adalah lahan (X1), modal (X2), modal pinjaman (X3) dan status penguasaan lahan (X4). Hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa, modal (X2) dan status penguasaan (X4) berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani. Sedangkan lahan (X1) dan modal pinjaman (X3) tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan petani.Kata kunci :kepemilikan assets, pendapatan dan Status Penguasaan Lahan Abstract. Indonesia is an agricultural country, where most people are farmers, especially rice farmers. Owners assets consist of land ownership, ownership of capital, capital loan, and land ownership. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of the ownership of assets (land, capital,  capital loan and land ownership). The location of this study conducted in the sub-district of Kuta Baro Aceh Besar Regency. The sample used in this study carried out in two stages, the first stage is to strata and the second stage randomly (stratified random sampling). The results showed that the effect of the ownership of assets on the income of rice farmers in the sub-district of Kuta Baro Aceh Besar Regency is land (X1), capital (X2), capital loan (X3)  and land ownership (X4). The results of data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis showed that the capital (X2) and the status of mastery (X4) influence on farmers' income. While, land (X1) and capital loan (X3) no effect the farmers’ income.Keywords: Ownership of Assets, Revenues, Rice Farmers.

SPEECH SHOT EXTRACTION FROM BROADCAST NEWS VIDEOS

2012 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 179-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHOGO KUMAGAI ◽  
KEISUKE DOMAN ◽  
TOMOKAZU TAKAHASHI ◽  
DAISUKE DEGUCHI ◽  
ICHIRO IDE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multimedia Information ◽  
Broadcast News ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Face Region ◽  
News Video ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages

We propose a method for discriminating between a speech shot and a narrated shot to extract genuine speech shots from a broadcast news video. Speech shots in news videos contain a wealth of multimedia information of the speaker, and could thus be considered valuable as archived material. In order to extract speech shots from news videos, there is an approach that uses the position and size of a face region. However, it is difficult to extract them with only such an approach, since news videos contain non-speech shots where the speaker is not the subject that appears in the screen, namely, narrated shots. To solve this problem, we propose a method to discriminate between a speech shot and a narrated shot in two stages. The first stage of the proposed method directly evaluates the inconsistency between a subject and a speaker based on the co-occurrence between lip motion and voice. The second stage of the proposed method evaluates based on the intra- and inter-shot features that focus on the tendency of speech shots. With the combination of both stages, the proposed method accurately discriminates between a speech shot and a narrated shot. In the experiments, the overall accuracy of speech shots extraction by the proposed method was 0.871. Therefore, we confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI BIOHIDROGEN DARI HIDROLISAT AMPAS TAHU SECARA FERMENTASI ANAEROB MENGGUNAKAN KULTUR CAMPURAN

REAKTOR ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Amir Husin ◽  
Sarto Sarto ◽  
Siti Syamsiah ◽  
Imam Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
By Products

Ampas tahu merupakan produk samping industri pengolahan tahu berbahan dasar kacang kedelai (Glysine max.).  Dalam studi ini, ampas tahu yang telah mengalami perlakuan-awal dengan metode yang berbeda dikonversi menjadi hidrogen menggunakan kultur campuran.  Pengaruh perlakuan-awal asam satu-tahap (0,5% dan 10% berat HCl) dan dua-tahap (tahap I 0,5%  dan tahap II 10% berat HCl) terhadap sakarifikasi ampas tahu juga diinvestigasi.  Lebih lanjut, pengaruh perlakuan awal asam satu-tahap maupun dua-tahap terhadap produksi hidrogen dan efisiensi degradasi gula tereduksi dibandingkan.  Yield total gula-tereduksi 503,73 mg/g ampas tahu diperoleh dari perlakuan-awal asam dua-tahap.  Nilai ini kurang lebih 4 kali lebih tinggi dibanding hasil dari perlakuan-awal asam satu-tahap menggunakan 0,5% berat HCl. Studi produksi biohidrogen dilakukan secara batch menggunakan kultur campuran dengan kondisi reaksi  35oC dan pH awal 6,5,  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan, bahwa yield hidrogen kumulatif  maksimum 0,928  mmol/g  ampas tahu diperoleh dari perlakuan  asam dua-tahap  atau meningkat 1,8 kali dibanding perlakuan satu-tahap menggunakan 0,5% berat HCl. Key words : ampas tahu,  perlakuan asam, produksi hidrogen Abstract Tofu solid waste is one of the by-products of tofu-processing industry.  In this study, batch experiments were carried out to convert tofu solid waste pretreated by different methods into hydrogen using mixed culture.  The effects of one-stage (0.5% or 10% HCl) and two-stage (first stage 0.5% HCl) and second stage 10% HCl) pretreatments on the saccharification of tofu solid waste were also studied.  Furthermore, the effects of  and/or  two- stages acid pretreatments on hydrogen production and degradation efficiencies the reducing-sugar (RS) were compared.  A maximum total RS yield of 503.73 mg/g-tofu solid waste was obtained from substrate pretreated with two-stages method.  It was approximately 4-fold greater than that from substrate pretreated with one-stage method using 0.5% wt HCl. At the reaction condition of 35oC, initial pH =  6.5, and RS concentration based on 2 grams of tofu solid waste pretreated, a maximum cumulative hydrogen yield was 0.928  mmol/g-tofu solid waste from substrate  pretreated  with  two-stages method.  It was approximately 1.8-fold greater than that from substrate pretreated with one-stage method using 0.5% wt HCl. The results show that two-stage acid preteatment can enhancing the amount of  reducing sugar in the mixture and hydrogen yield from tofu solid wastes. 

scholarly journals The Ways of Prosumers’ Knowledge Sharing with Organizations

10.28945/3982 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Management Volume ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Customer Knowledge ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Interdisciplinary Journal ◽  
By Products

Aim/Purpose: [This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2018 issue of the Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management, Volume 13] The main purpose of this paper is to identify ways of consumers’ knowledge sharing with business and public organizations. Background: Contemporary consumers do not wish to be passive consumers anymore. They want to satisfy their consumption needs by products’ evaluation, co-designing, co-creation and co-reconfiguration. They can do that by sharing their knowledge with enterprises and public organizations. Such consumers are named ‘prosumers’. Methodology: The research process included two stages. The first stage it was the survey among 388 prosumers. The second stage it was the online observation among 90 enterprises and public organizations. Contribution: This work contributes to extant research on utilizing consumers’ knowledge in business and public organizations by identifying and examining ways of consumers’ knowledge sharing with such organizations. Findings: It was found that there are differences between ways in which prosumers share knowledge with organizations and ways in which enterprises and public organizations engage them in knowledge sharing. Prosumers mainly share their knowledge with organizations by evaluating products, whereas organizations mainly engage prosumers in knowledge sharing by creating and designing products. In addition, enterprises more often engage prosumers in knowledge sharing than public organizations. Recommendations for Practitioners: This study provides practitioners with guidelines for prosumers’ knowledge utilization, especially helping them understand ways used by prosumers to knowledge sharing. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers may build on the findings of the current study to conduct further research on using customer knowledge in organizations using different subjects and research contexts. Future Research: This study only examines Polish prosumer and organizations operating in the Polish market. It is advisable to extend the research to other countries and compare results.

Following the Integration of Diamond Particles on the Lapping-Plate Surface: Towards a More Efficient Charging Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mayén-Mondragón ◽  
José M. Yánez-Limón ◽  
Francisco Espinoza-Beltrán ◽  
Juan Muñoz-Saldaña ◽  
Alberto Herrera-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Particle ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Plate Surface ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Diamond Particles ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Topographic Condition

Even when the charging of lapping plates can extensively influence their subsequent finishing performance, the subject has been scarcely treated in specialized literature. The present paper aims to help fill such a gap and gain a better insight of the charging process. A semiquantification of the diamond particles integrated into the lapping plate surface as a function of charging time was performed by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, together with a simple image-analysis procedure. The corresponding evolution of surface rough features was followed from atomic force micrographs with the aid of fractal-analysis tools. It was observed that charging proceeds in two stages, both with different rates of diamond particle integration. This leads to a significant waste of diamond slurry. During the first stage, the charging ring seems to preferentially promote a further flattening of the lapping-plate surface. Diamond particles are apparently more readily incorporated into such “flattened” regions during the second stage. The results suggest a specific topographic condition must be attained before the diamond can be efficiently integrated into the lapping plate surface. A lapping-plate preconditioning step could help improve this situation and reduce the amount of abrasive waste during charging.

scholarly journals Analysis of Policies of Railway Operators Using SWOT Criteria and the SIMUS Method: A Case for the Bulgarian Railway Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6948
Author(s):  
Svetla Stoilova ◽  
Nolberto Munier
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The Status ◽  
Interactive Modelling ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Railway Operation

This study is useful for railway operators as it enables them to verify their decisions against the results of the application of the techniques of strategic planning and multi-criteria analysis. It gives railway stakeholders concise, objective and unbiased information so that they can then make decisions and also allows them to determine the strengths and sensitivity, of the best solution found. This paper presents a methodology for the assessment of the policies of railway operators using Strengths–Weakness–Opportunities–Threats (SWOT) criteria and the Sequential Interactive Modelling for Urban Systems (SIMUS) method. The methodology of the research consists of two stages. In the first stage, the alternatives of the policies for the railway operator are formulated; the criteria in the SWOT group are defined; and the values of the criteria are determined for each of the alternatives. In the second stage, the SIMUS method is applied to rank the alternatives and assess the criteria in the SWOT groups. The criteria are interpreted as objectives and linear optimizations are performed. A comparison between the desired values for each objective of the SWOT criteria and the optimum values of the objective functions obtained by SIMUS was made. The methodology was applied to the Bulgarian railway network. Three policies for railway operation were studied. The total number of 17 railway policies criteria in the SWOT group were defined and assessed—three strengths criteria, seven weaknesses criteria, three opportunities criteria and four threats criteria. The results indicated that the best strategy is A3 (some reconstruction of the railway infrastructure and new rolling stock on some lines), with the highest score of 3.76, followed by A2 (new rolling stock on some lines), with a score of 2.71. The status-quo strategy (A1) has a very low score of 0.43, that the current situation or status-quo cannot be supported. The weights of both strengths and opportunities are both of the same importance with a weight of 0.180. It was found out that the clusters Weakness and Threats are dominant with weights of 0.4 and 0.24 respectively. The results show that the weights are all practically the same, about 0.06, and therefore, no discrimination by importance is possible. The methodology makes it possible to consider the alternatives simultaneously, and in this way, the results will reflect the effect of one criterion on all others, and permit us to quantify the differences between expected and real results.

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