scholarly journals The Balanced Structure of Environmental Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8168
Author(s):  
Coral M. Bruni ◽  
P. Wesley Schultz ◽  
Anna Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Environmental Identity ◽  
Balanced Structure ◽  
Nature Connectedness ◽  
Individual Scores

Connectedness with nature refers to an individual’s beliefs about their relationship with the natural environment. The current paper integrates connectedness with nature into a broader framework of balanced identity theory as a form of self-concept, and presents new data showing that individuals tend toward balanced-congruity and hold cognitive configurations that balance self-concept, environmental attitudes, and self-esteem. In essence, when an individual scores highly on one of these constructs, it is likely that they will score highly on the other two constructs. Two hundred and seventy-six undergraduate students completed explicit and implicit measures of connectedness with nature, attitudes toward nature, and self-esteem. The balanced-congruity principle was supported with implicit measures (e.g., Implicit Association Test), but not explicitly with self-report measures. Results suggest that attitudes toward nature, connectedness with nature, and self-esteem form a balanced triadic structure of implicit environmental identity. The findings extend our understanding of connectedness with nature, by integrating it into a broader framework that links connectedness, attitudes, and self-esteem as a triadic form of environmental identity. This finding has important implications for practitioners interested in fostering environmental identities and promoting sustainability.

On the Role of the Implicit Self-Concept in Adult Attachment

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Dewitte ◽  
Jan De Houwer ◽  
Ann Buysse
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Relational Self ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Attachment Research

We report a study that was designed to investigate attachment-related differences in the implicit self-concept and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) in the context of attachment research. Two variants of the IAT were used to assess implicit relational self-esteem and relational anxiety after stress induction. Results showed that both the relational self-esteem and relational anxiety IAT (1) were meaningfully related to individual differences in attachment style and (2) predicted cognitive and affective reactions to attachment-related distress in addition to and beyond self-report measures of attachment. The results provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the IAT as an index of the implicit attachment self-concept.

Discrepancies between Implicit and Explicit Self–concepts of Intelligence Predict Performance on Tests of Intelligence

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike X. R. Dislich ◽  
Roland Imhoff ◽  
Rainer Banse ◽  
Christine Altstötter–Gleich ◽  
Axel Zinkernagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
High Intelligence ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Three studies investigated the correspondence between implicit and explicit self–concepts of intelligence and how that correspondence is related to performance on different intelligence tests. Configurations of these two self–concepts were found to be consistently related to performance on intelligence tests in all three studies. For individuals who self–reported high intelligence (high explicit self–concept), a negative implicit self–concept (measured with the Implicit Association Test) led to a decrease in performance on intelligence tests. For participants whose self–report indicated a low self–concept of intelligence, positive automatic associations between the self and intelligence had a similar effect. In line with a stress hypothesis, the results indicate that any discrepant configuration of self–concepts will impair performance. Importantly, the prediction of performance on intelligence tests by the self–concept of intelligence was shown to be independent of self–esteem (Study 3). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals A Unified Theory of Implicit Attitudes, Stereotypes, Self-Esteem, and Self-Concept

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Greenwald ◽  
Mahzarin R. Banaji ◽  
Laurie Ann Rudman ◽  
Shelly D. Farnham ◽  
Brian A. Nosek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Balance Theory ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Affective Constructs ◽  
Widespread Interest

This theoretical integration of social psychology’s main cognitive and affective constructs was shaped by three influences: (a) recent widespread interest in automatic and implicit cognition, (b) development of the Implicit Association Test (IAT: Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998), and (c) social psychology's consistency theories of the 1950s – especially Heider's (1958) balance theory. The balanced identity design is introduced as a method to test correlational predictions of the theory. Data obtained with this method revealed that predicted consistency patterns were strongly apparent in the data for implicit (IAT) measures, but not in those for parallel explicit (self-report) measures. Two additional not-yet-tested predictions of the theory are described.

How success enhances self-serving bias: A multinomial process model of the Implicit Association Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyang Wang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Zheng Jin ◽  
Timothy Tamunang Tamutana
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Desirable Outcome ◽  
Subsequent Application ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Better Than

Self-serving bias is individuals' belief that leads them to blame external forces when bad things happen and to give themselves credit when good things happen. To evaluate how underlying evaluative associations toward the self or others differ between individuals, and/or how the regulation mechanism of the influence of such associations differs, we used a multinomial process model to measure the underlying implicit self-esteem in these processes with 56 Chinese undergraduate students. The results indicated that participants assessed themselves as being better than others when their performance was followed by a desirable outcome. Subsequent application of the quadruple processes showed that both activation of positive associations toward self and regulation of the associations played important roles in attitudinal responses. Our findings may provide a supplementary explanation to that of previous results, promoting understanding of the mechanism underlying self-serving bias.

Explicit and Implicit Positive Illusory Bias in Children With ADHD

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 994-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina C. Emeh ◽  
Amori Yee Mikami ◽  
Bethany A. Teachman
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Positive Illusory Bias ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Behavioral Competence ◽  
Self Perceptions

Objective: Children with ADHD overestimate their own social and behavioral competence when using explicit self-report measures, a phenomenon known as Positive Illusory Bias (PIB). This study examined whether children with ADHD show PIB when self-perceptions are measured implicitly, reflecting associations that are relatively difficult to consciously control. Method: Participants were 23 children (ages 6.8-9.8) with ADHD and 55 typically developing (TD) children. Children’s explicit self-perceptions of competence were measured via self-report on the Self-Perception Profile for Children; their implicit associations were assessed using an Implicit Association Test. Parent and teacher ratings formed an adult-reported composite indicator of children’s competence, to which children’s self-perceptions were compared. Results: Children with ADHD overestimated their competence as compared with adult-informant reports on both explicit and implicit measures, whereas TD children tended to be accurate. Conclusion: Inflated self-perceptions in children with ADHD may exist on an implicit level outside of conscious awareness.

PERSONALITY AND SELF-CONCEPT IN SUBGROUPS OF PATIENTS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA AND BULIMIA NERVOSA

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica B. FÄldt Ciccolo ◽  
Per Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Degree

The question of subgroups in eating disorders was addressed in this study. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, IV, the two subtypes for anorexia nervosa are restricting and binge-eating/purging. For bulimia nervosa, the subtypes are purging and nonpurging. An attempt was made here to examine alternative ways to create meaningful subgroups in the eating-disordered patient group. A cluster analysis was performed in a group of 52 female patients (AN=21, BN=31). Fifty-five undergraduate students served as a control group. Three self-report instruments were used: the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, Karolinska Scales of Personality, and Tennessee Self-Concept Scale. The results reveal three different groups of patients. Factors like poor interoceptive ability and high degree of somatization differentiate between the groups, and contribute to severity of pathology, as well as to lower levels of self-concept.The results reveal three different groups of patients. Factors like poor interoceptive ability and high degree of somatization differentiate between the groups, and contribute to severity of pathology, as well as to lower levels of self-concept.

Math Anxiety, Math Self-Concept, and Math Self-Efficacy in Adult Learners Compared to Traditional Undergraduate Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly M. Jameson ◽  
Brooke R. Fusco
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Adult Learners ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Future ◽  
Using Data

Adult learners comprise a significant portion of current undergraduate populations, and projections indicate steady or growing numbers of adult learners in the future. Previous research has suggested that adult learners possess lower self-confidence than and face barriers not experienced by traditional undergraduate students. These constructs have not been explored specifically within mathematics, however, which was the purpose of the current study. Using data collected from 226 undergraduate students (60 traditional students, 166 adult learners), the current research found that adult learners self-report lower levels of math self-efficacy and higher levels of math anxiety than their traditional peers. Implications for adult education are suggested.

Experiences and Expectations in Evaluating Preparation for an Examination

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Oral Examination ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personal Optimism ◽  
Past Experiences

The predictability of the evaluation of preparing for an oral examination by means of self-concept and self-esteem as well as optimism and self-efficacy was investigated in a sample of 49 university students. Self-concept was measured by Frankfurter Selbstkonzeptskalen, self-esteem by the 16PF-O scale, personal optimism, social optimism, and self-efficacy by Fragebogen für Personalen Optimismus und Sozialen Optimismus—Erweitert, and the evaluation of the preparation by a self-report sheet. Data were collected 5 wk. before the examination. The self-report sheet was given again one week before the examination. Significant correlations of self-report scores with self-concept scores as well as 16PF-O scores representing past experiences were found for the first assessment. The correlations with personal optimism scores and self-efficacy scores representing expectations were also significant for the second assessment.

scholarly journals Using the Implicit Association Test to Assess Risk Propensity Self–Concept: Analysis of Its Predictive Validity on A Risk–Taking Behaviour in A Natural Setting

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Horcajo ◽  
Víctor J. Rubio ◽  
David Aguado ◽  
José Manuel Hernández ◽  
M. Oliva Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Indirect Measures

The present work analyses the predictive validity of measures provided by several available self–report and indirect measurement instruments to assess risk propensity (RP) and proposes a measurement instrument using the Implicit Association Test: the IAT of Risk Propensity Self–Concept (IAT–RPSC), an adaptation of the prior IAT–RP of Dislich et al. Study 1 analysed the relationship between IAT–RPSC scores and several RP self–report measures. Participants’ risk–taking behaviour in a natural setting was also assessed, analyzing the predictive validity of the IAT–RPSC scores on risk–taking behaviour compared with the self–report measures. Study 2 analysed the predictive validity of the IAT–RPSC scores in comparison with other indirect measures. Results of these studies showed that the IAT–RPSC scores exhibited good reliability and were positively correlated to several self–report and indirect measures, providing evidence for convergent validity. Most importantly, the IAT–RPSC scores predicted risk–taking behaviour in a natural setting with real consequences above and beyond all other self–report and indirect measures analysed. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology

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