scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Promotion of Conservation Tillage in Black Soil—The Case of Northeast China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9563
Author(s):  
Yan Qu ◽  
Chulin Pan ◽  
Hongpeng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Factors Affecting

Taking the conservation tillage influences of black soil in Northeast China as the research object, the paper is written according to the advice of relevant experts and technicians in Northeast China, the study also calculates the weight of each influencing factor through the Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Then, the significance of the factors affecting the benefit of conservation tillage is analyzed. The results show that, based on the comprehensive analysis, it is concluded that the economic factor is the primary factor affecting the benefit of black soil conservation tillage in Northeast China. Among the twelve influencing factors, eight of them have a significant impact on the development of conservation tillage benefits on black soil in Northeast China. Such as the degree of government subsidy; the adaptability of agricultural machinery; the input of new technology; relevant policies, laws and regulations; the quality of conservation tillage; the income of agricultural machinery farmers; practical application capacity; government publicity. Therefore, in the process of implementing the black soil conservation tillage, we should focus on these influencing factors, which will effectively promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Northeast China.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Analysis of Factors Influencing Organic Matter Concentration in the Topsoil of Black Soil in Northeast China Based on Spatial Heterogeneous Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Zhenbo Du ◽  
Bingbo Gao ◽  
Cong Ou ◽  
Zhenrong Du ◽  
Jianyu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Rainfed Farming ◽  
Study Results

Black soil is fertile, abundant with organic matter (OM) and is exceptional for farming. The black soil zone in northeast China is the third-largest black soil zone globally and produces a quarter of China’s commodity grain. However, the soil organic matter (SOM) in this zone is declining, and the quality of cultivated land is falling off rapidly due to overexploitation and unsustainable management practices. To help develop an integrated protection strategy for black soil, this study aimed to identify the primary factors contributing to SOM degradation. The geographic detector, which can detect both linear and nonlinear relationships and the interactions based on spatial heterogeneous patterns, was used to quantitatively analyze the natural and anthropogenic factors affecting SOM concentration in northeast China. In descending order, the nine factors affecting SOM are temperature, gross domestic product (GDP), elevation, population, soil type, precipitation, soil erosion, land use, and geomorphology. The influence of all factors is significant, and the interaction of any two factors enhances their impact. The SOM concentration decreases with increased temperature, population, soil erosion, elevation and terrain undulation. SOM rises with increased precipitation, initially decreases with increasing GDP but then increases, and varies by soil type and land use. Conclusions about detailed impacts are presented in this paper. For example, wind erosion has a more significant effect than water erosion, and irrigated land has a lower SOM content than dry land. Based on the study results, protection measures, including conservation tillage, farmland shelterbelts, cross-slope ridges, terraces, and rainfed farming are recommended. The conversion of high-quality farmland to non-farm uses should be prohibited.

scholarly journals Choice Model and Influencing Factor Analysis of Travel Mode for Migrant Workers: Case Study in Xi’an, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Zuo-xian Gan ◽  
Yu-ting He
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Travel Mode ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Travel Choice ◽  
Travel Mode Choice ◽  
Set Up

Based on the basic theory and methods of disaggregate choice model, the influencing factors in travel mode choice for migrant workers are analyzed, according to 1366 data samples of Xi’an migrant workers. Walking, bus, subway, and taxi are taken as the alternative parts of travel modes for migrant workers, and a multinomial logit (MNL) model of travel mode for migrant workers is set up. The validity of the model is verified by the hit rate, and the hit rates of four travel modes are all greater than 80%. Finally, the influence of different factors affecting the choice of travel mode is analyzed in detail, and the inelasticity of each factor is analyzed with the elasticity theory. Influencing factors such as age, education level, and monthly gross income have significant impact on travel choice mode for migrant workers. The elasticity values of education degree are greater than 1, indicating that it on the travel mode choice is of elasticity, while the elasticity values of gender, industry distribution, and travel purpose are less than 1, indicating that these factors on travel mode choice are of inelasticity.

Factors affecting the preference of bovine by dairy farmersin the South-Bihar Alluvial Plain Zone

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Ritu Chakravarty ◽  
A. K. Chakravarty ◽  
Mukesh Bhakat ◽  
Niketha L. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Dairy Animal

Dairy farmers bear the flagship of the mammoth total of milk production, therefore, their preference for the bovine which includes cattle and buffalo, must be counted. The liking or preference is affected by a range of factors. Bovine preference can be referred to as the greater liking for one dairy animal over another or other dairy animal. This includes certain major factors as economic, climatic, animal or bovine trait, marketing, governmental support, traditional aspects, technical support, infrastructure and so on. For the study, South-Bihar Alluvial Plain Zone was selected purposefully from where two districts and under each district, two blocks and from each block two villages were selected randomly. From each village, twenty respondents were selected randomly, which constitute the total sample size of 160 respondents. The study, revealed that economic factor was found to be most (92.7 %) influencing factor and ranked 1st among various factors followed by climatic factor (92.3 %) ranked 2nd, marketing factor (91.8 %) ranked 3rd, trait factor (85.6%) ranked 4th, governmental factors (78.5 %) ranked 5th, traditional factors (76.9 %) ranked 6th, technical factors (74.4 %) ranked 7th , infrastructural factor (70.1 %) ranked 8th, socio-psychological factor (61.7 %) ranked 9th and NGOs factor (60.4 %) ranked 10th among above said factors.

scholarly journals Cropland heterogeneity changes on the Northeast China Plain in the last three decades (1980s–2010s)

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9835
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Liu ◽  
Le Yu ◽  
Qinghan Dong ◽  
Dailiang Peng ◽  
Wenbin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Wetland Reclamation ◽  
Land Use Policies

The Northeast China Plain is one of the major grain-producing areas of China because of its fertile black soil and large fields adapted for agricultural machinery. It has experienced some land-use changes, such as urbanization, deforestation, and wetland reclamation in recent decades. A comprehensive understanding of these changes in terms of the total cropping land and its heterogeneity during this period is important for policymakers. In this study, we used a series of cropland products at the 30-m resolution for the period 1980–2015. The heterogeneity for dominant cropland decreased slowly over the three decades, especially for the large pieces of cropland, showing a general trend of increased cropland homogeneity. The spatial patterns of the averaged heterogeneity index were nearly the same, varying from 0.5 to 0.6, and the most heterogeneous areas were mainly located in some separate counties. Cropland expansion occurred across most of Northeast China, while cropland shrinking occurred only in the northern and eastern sections of Northeast China and around the capital cities, in the flat areas. Also, changes in land use away from cropland mainly occurred in areas with low elevation (50–200 m) and a gentle slope (less than 1 degree). The predominant changes in cropland were gross gain and homogeneity, occurring across most of the area except capital cities and boundary areas. Possible reasons for the total cropland heterogeneity changes were urbanization, restoration of cropland to forest, and some government land-use policies. Moreover, this study evaluates the effectiveness of cropland policies influencing in Northeast China.

scholarly journals Influencing Factors and Strategies of the Flow of Academic Professionals in Colleges and Universities Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
LIli Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Research Universities ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Strength Factor ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Academic Professionals

The influencing factors of academic professional mobility in colleges and universities are complex and diverse, and the intensity of each influencing factor has obvious characteristics of differentiation. However, scholars have few relevant studies based on the intensity of factors affecting the flow of academic professionals in colleges and universities. Therefore, this article aims to study and analyze the influence of different factors on the flow of academic professionals in different types of colleges and universities, which is of great significance for promoting the rational and orderly flow of academic professionals. This paper proposes a comprehensive application of multiple methods, such as questionnaire surveys and data statistics, based on ERG theory, based on the four types of universities and colleges: research-oriented, teaching research, teaching, and application. The influence intensity of the flow-influencing factors is comparatively studied. It clarified the differences in the influence of spiritual factors, economic factors, and social factors on the mobility of academic professionals in colleges and universities, established a mobility factor model, and put forward policy recommendations for colleges and universities to promote the rational and orderly mobility of academic professionals. A total of 2042 questionnaires on “Policy Improvement Factors Affecting the Flow of Academic Experts in Universities” were released, four academic experts of different levels were assigned to universities, and 1,561 were effectively searched. Among them, there were 336 research universities, 157 educational research universities, 404 educational universities, and 164 applied universities. The experimental results of this article show that the factors affecting the flow of academic professionals in universities include economic strength factor of 0.4945, social strength factor of 0.5456, and intellectual strength factor of 0.52. Therefore, the factors affecting the mobility of university scholars can be used in strategic research.

scholarly journals Complex soil food web enhances the association between N mineralization and soybean yield – a model study from long-term application of a conservation tillage system in a black soil of Northeast China

SOIL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Shixiu Zhang ◽  
Liang Chang ◽  
Neil B. McLaughlin ◽  
Shuyan Cui ◽  
Haitao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Soil Biodiversity

Abstract. Long-term (10 years) application of conservation tillage following conversion from conventional tillage (CT) can achieve a new equilibrium in the soil environment, which is vital to reverse soil biodiversity declines and fulfil the goal of maintaining agroecosystem sustainability. However, in such a situation, how the soil community regulates nutrient cycling impacting crop yield is not well documented. Therefore, the relations between mineralized nitrogen (N) delivered by soil food web and soybean (Glycine max Merr.) yield were investigated after 14 years application of CT, reduced tillage (RT) and no tillage (NT) in a black soil (Typic Hapludoll) of Northeast China. We hypothesized that soil mineralizable N would increase with the complexity of the soil food web, and that the trophic groups involved in associating N mineralization with crop yield will vary with soil depth in the conservation tillage practice. During the soybean growing season, soil organisms, including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, mites and collembolans, were extracted and identified monthly from 0–5 and 5–15 cm soil depths to estimate the complexity of the food web indicated by the species richness and connectance indices, and to simulate the mineralized N using energetic food web modelling. The species richness and connectance of the food web at both soil depths were significantly affected by tillage practices, and their values decreased of the order of NT > RT > CT. A similar trend was also revealed for the simulated N mineralization, that is, the mineralized N released either from the functional feeding guilds or from the energy pathways of the food web were greater in RT and NT than in CT at both soil depths. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that soil organisms involved in coupling the mineralized N with soybean yield were different at different soil depths, in which fungal and root pathways at 0–5 cm and bacterial pathway at 5–15 cm were the driving factors for the supply of mineralized N to soybean in NT and RT soils. These results support our hypothesis and highlight the essential role of soil food web complexity in coupling N mineralization and crop yield after long-term application of conservation tillage. Additionally, the current modelling work provides basic hypotheses for future studies to test the impact of soil biodiversity or specific functional guilds on the fate of N in agro-ecosystems.

Effects of conservation tillage on soil aggregation and aggregate binding agents in black soil of Northeast China

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixiu Zhang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Kai Wei ◽  
Lijun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Soil Aggregation ◽  
Binding Agents

scholarly journals Research on Influencing Factor Selection of Pilot’s Intention

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Haibo Wang ◽  
Ting Pan ◽  
Haiqing Si ◽  
Yao Li ◽  
Naiqi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Flight Control ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Active Safety System ◽  
Factor Sequence ◽  
Automatic Pilot ◽  
Selection Of

The physiological, psychological, and physical characteristics of the pilot will have an impact on flight safety, mainly in the pilot’s intention. In another word, this means the pilot’s psychological experience of flight status under the influence of various factors and the preference for decision-making or behavioral value that is displayed. The pilot’s intention is to reflect the cognitive state that the pilot showed during the maneuvering of the aircraft. The exploration of intention is very important for the study of automatic pilot and flight control active safety system. Also, it is an important concept often involved in the study of human factors in flight, especially the microbehavior of pilots. Pilot’s intention is taken as the study object in this paper; physiological-psychological-physical parameters are obtained through analyzing their influencing factors from the simulating flight experiments designed. The random forest analysis method is used to rank the main influencing factors affecting the pilot’s intention, and the factor sequence is formed. The results provide a good foundation for further research on the pilot’s intention identification.

Changes in soil organic carbon stocks under 10-year conservation tillage on a Black soil in Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (8) ◽  
pp. 1425-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Z. LIANG ◽  
X. M. YANG ◽  
X. P. ZHANG ◽  
X. W. CHEN ◽  
N. B. MCLAUGHLIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Plough Layer

SUMMARYBiased assessment of tillage impacts on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration are often associated with a lack of information on the initial level of SOC stocks. The present study reported the changes in SOC concentrations and stocks following 10-year different tillage practices relative to the initial SOC levels. The tillage trial included no tillage (NT), ridge tillage (RT) and mouldboard plough (MP) on a Black soil (Hapludolls) in Northeast China. Results showed that tillage, soil depth and time significantly affected SOC concentration and SOC stock. Tillage and crop residue retention had great impacts on the SOC concentrations in the top 0·1 m layer. Compared with MP and NT, RT resulted in higher SOC concentration and SOC stock in the plough layer (0–0·2 m), which became more obvious with time. The soil under NT and RT had higher stratification ratios (SR) of SOC (SR, the ratio of SOC concentration in 0–0·05 m to that in 0·1–0·2 m) than under MP. Significant positive and nearly identical linear relationships between the SR of SOC and the duration of tillage practices occurred for both NT and RT soils; the increased SR in NT resulted from both SOC increase in surface and SOC decrease in subsurface soils, but in RT, the increased SR was only from a substantial SOC increase in surface soil. Accordingly, the present study highlights that RT was more helpful than NT in carbon sequestration for the studied Black soil in Northeast China.

The potential mechanism of long-term conservation tillage effects on maize yield in the black soil of Northeast China

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixiu Zhang ◽  
Xuewen Chen ◽  
Shuxia Jia ◽  
Aizhen Liang ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Potential Mechanism
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