scholarly journals A Life-Cycle Approach to Integrate Environmental and Mechanical Properties of Blended Cements Containing Seashell Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13120
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Soltanzadeh ◽  
Ali E. Behbahani ◽  
Eduardo N. B. Pereira ◽  
Carlos A. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Natural Pozzolan ◽  
Cement Production

The adverse consequences of producing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) on the environment have introduced cement production as the fourth largest source of anthropogenic carbon emissions after petroleum, coal, and natural gas. Managing and reducing the environmental concerns regarding the impacts of cement production on the environment, namely the depletion of non-renewable fuel resources, consumption of natural raw materials, and releasing huge amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere should be, therefore, one of the key priorities of the cement industry. Application of locally available minerals and wastes that can be blended with OPC as a substitute could considerably reduce the environmental impact. The present study evaluates the potentiality of waste seashell to be used as an additive in the production of blended cement through a modified life cycle approach integrating environmental and mechanical performances. In this regard, 34 cements consisting of different blends of OPC, seashell powder (within the range of 4–30% by OPC mass), and natural pozzolan (up to 30% by OPC mass) were tested to identify the optimal dosage of OPC substitution. Environmental impacts of the cements were assessed through life-cycle analysis. The possibility of mitigating the carbon dioxide emissions in the production of cements, with similar mechanical performance compared to that of OPC, was evaluated by considering both the mechanical and environmental results. The outcome of this study introduced more environment-friendly and sustainable options for future cements.

scholarly journals A Proposition of an In Situ Production of a Blended Cement

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Halbiniak ◽  
Jacek Katzer ◽  
Maciej Major ◽  
Izabela Major
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Concrete Production

Many byproducts and waste materials with pozzolanic properties can substitute natural raw materials in cement production. Some of these waste materials like fly ash and blast furnace slag are commonly harnessed by cement industry. Others are of seldom use due to limitations of the very centralized cement production systems currently in use. In the authors opinion, it is necessary to change this system to enable efficient utilization of various waste materials that are available locally (e.g., white and red ceramics). In this study, a new partially centralized system of cement production is proposed. The adoption of a new system would significantly reduce the volume of long-distance transportation and enable utilization of numerous locally available waste materials that are currently dismissed. The last stage of production of the ready-to-use cement would take place in situ. The cement would be produced on demand and be immediately used for concrete production on-site. The research program was conducted considering the importance of the quality of cements obtained in the new way, substituting up to 12% of its mass by white ceramics. The research program was proof of concept of the proposed cement production system. It was shown that the quality of “in situ cement” does not differ from standard cements.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Green Cement Technology Utilizing Low-Carbon Emission Fuels and Raw Materials: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Naqi ◽  
Jeong Jang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

The cement industry is facing numerous challenges in the 21st century due to depleting natural fuel resources, shortage of raw materials, exponentially increasing cement demand and climate linked environmental concerns. Every tonne of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) produced releases an equivalent amount of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. In this regard, cement manufactured from locally available minerals and industrial wastes that can be blended with OPC as substitute, or full replacement with novel clinkers to reduce the energy requirements is strongly desirable. Reduction in energy consumption and carbon emissions during cement manufacturing can be achieved by introducing alternative cements. The potential of alternative cements as a replacement of conventional OPC can only be fully realized through detailed investigation of binder properties with modern technologies. Seven prominent alternative cement types are considered in this study and their current position compared to OPC has been discussed. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of options for future cements, and an up-to-date summary of the different alternative fuels and binders that can be used in cement production to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, the practicalities and benefits of producing the low-cost materials to meet the increasing cement demand are discussed.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Costing and Eco-Efficiency Assessment of Fuel Production by Coprocessing Biomass in Crude Oil Refineries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4664
Author(s):  
Pedro L. Cruz ◽  
Diego Iribarren ◽  
Javier Dufour
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Efficiency Assessment

Biobased liquid fuels are becoming an attractive alternative to replace, totally or partially, fossil ones in the medium term, mainly in aviation and long-distance transportation. In this regard, coprocessing biomass-derived feedstocks in conventional oil refineries might facilitate the transition from the current fossil-based transport to a biobased one. This article addresses the economic and environmental feasibility of such a coprocessing strategy. The biomass-based feedstocks considered include bio-oil and char from the fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, which are coprocessed in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), hydrocracking, and/or cogasification units. The assessment was based on the standardized concept of eco-efficiency, which relates the environmental and economic performances of a system following a life-cycle approach. Data from a complete simulation of the refinery process, from raw materials to products, were used to perform a life cycle costing and eco-efficiency assessment of alternative configurations of the coprocessing strategy, which were benchmarked against the conventional fossil refinery system. Among other relevant results, the eco-efficiency related to the system’s carbon footprint was found to improve when considering coprocessing in the hydrocracking unit, while coprocessing in FCC generally worsens the eco-efficiency score. Overall, it is concluded that coprocessing biomass-based feedstock in conventional crude oil refineries could be an eco-efficient energy solution, which requires a careful choice of the units where biofeedstock is fed.

scholarly journals Environmental Performance Analysis of Cement Production with CO2 Capture and Storage Technology in a Life-Cycle Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Richard S. Middleton ◽  
Yingnan Li
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
And Storage

Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy and CO2 intensive industries. With the growth of cement production, CO2 emissions are increasing rapidly too. Carbon capture and storage is the most feasible new technology option to reduce CO2 emissions in the cement industry. More research on environmental impacts is required to provide the theoretical basis for the implementation of carbon capture and storage in cement production. In this paper, GaBi software and scenario analysis were employed to quantitatively analyze and compare the environmental impacts of cement production with and without carbon capture and storage technology, from the perspective of a life-cycle assessment; aiming to promote sustainable development of the cement industry. Results of two carbon capture and storage scenarios show decreases in the impacts of global warming potential and some environmental impacts. However, other scenarios show a significant increase in other environmental impacts. In particular, post-combustion carbon capture technology can bring a more pronounced increase in toxicity potential. Therefore, effective measures must be taken into account to reduce the impact of toxicity when carbon capture and storage is employed in cement production. CO2 transport and storage account for only a small proportion of environmental impacts. For post-combustion carbon capture, most of the environmental impacts come from the unit of combined heat and power and carbon capture, with the background production of MonoEthanolAmine contributing significantly. In combined heat and power plants, natural gas is more advantageous than a 10% coal-saving, and thermal efficiency is a key parameter affecting the environmental impacts. Future research should focus on exploring cleaner and effective absorbents or seeking the alternative fuel in combined heat and power plants for post-combustion carbon capture. If the power industry is the first to deploy carbon capture and storage, oxy-combustion carbon capture is an excellent choice for the cement industry.

The Influence of Raw Meal Granulometry on the Formation and Properties of Clinker

2019 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Theodor Staněk
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Energetic Demand ◽  
Important Branch

Cement production belongs to the most important branch of industry. It is marked out by processing of great quantity of natural raw materials and of considerable energetic demand. Not only the intensification of the contemporary production processes is the permanent effort of the cement industry, but also the search for new energy less demanding methods. The paper is focused on one of the most important components of the intensification of cement production – on the preparation of raw meal. It mainly deals with the influence of granulometry and microhomogeneity of the input raw materials on the quality and economy of the process of production and on the final product. The study was carried out mainly by methods of optical microscopy and the determination of technological parameters of cements. It has been found that a change in granulometry of raw meal has a significant impact on the formation rate of the clinker phases. Subsequently, the grindability of the clinker and the strength of the cement are influenced, especially in the short-term hydration. Change of granulometry and homogeneity of raw meal can greatly optimize the quality and economy of the cement production process.

Co-Processing Hazardous Waste in the Chinese Cement Industry - Status 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Xu ◽  
Shao Feng Sun ◽  
Kårehelge Karstensen ◽  
Da Hai Yan ◽  
Zheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Management Capacity ◽  
The World

As China develops its economy, hazardous waste generation is expected to increase rapidly. Recovery and recycling, i.e. co-processing of Alternative Fuels and Raw materials (AFRs) and treatment of hazardous waste in energy-and resource-intensive industries such as the cement industry seems to be an supplementary option to conventional technologies which can increase the overall waste management capacity in China significantly. With the largest cement production in the world, the industry can save significant amounts of non-renewable coal and raw materials by substitution with wastes which needs treatment. However, co-processing requires appropriate regulations and policies to support its development and safe and sound implementation.

scholarly journals Metode Menentukan Klor dalam Sludge Oil: Perbandingan Metode Wet dan Metode Jena

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Herliati Rahman ◽  
Akhirudin Salasa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chlorine Content ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
The Difference

Currently, the use of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) in the cement industry is very attractive. This is driven by demands for environmental sustainability and the efficiency of fuel and raw material costs. One of the materials that can be used as AFR is sludge oil. However, it needs to be ensured that the chlorine content in the sludge oil does not exceed the threshold so that it does not have a negative impact during the cement production process. It is known that if the chlorine content is more than the threshold, it can cause blocking or clogging of the separator and the kiln. This study aims to determine the performance of the Jena Multi EA 4000 instrument in determining the chlorine content in sludge oil quickly and accurately. Analytic Jena Multi EA 4000 is an Atomic Absorption Spectrometers (AAS) instrument that can be used for analysis of samples in the form of solids or slurries containing chlorine. As validation of the resulting analysis, the wet method is used, which as usual, to determine chlorine levels. From the statistic analysis, namely the F-test and T-test, We found that F-count equal to 0.0080 and F-table equal to 4.2839. it shows that F-count < F-table, indicating the difference in the variance of the two methods H0: s12 = s22 is accepted because there is no difference to the variability of these two tests and the value of T-count = -3.9717 and T-table = 2.1788 so that T-count <T-table is accepted because there is no difference in the average accuracy of the two methods H0: M1 = M2.  

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL NOISE MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN CEMENT INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIJA HADŽI-NIKOLOVA ◽  
DEJAN MIRAKOVSKI ◽  
NIKOLINKA DONEVA ◽  
NATAŠA BAKRESKA
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cement Plant ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

The main environmental issues associated with cement production are the consumption of raw materials, energy use and emissions in the air. Noise emissions occur throughout the whole cement manufacturing process - from preparing and processing raw materials, from the clinker burning and cement production process, from material storage as well as from the dispatch and shipping of the final products. The heavy machinery and large fans used in the cement manufacturing process can give rise to noise emissions. Cement Plants are required to comply with standards for reduction in line with national legislation, and to conduct measurements and perform noise surveys. Having this in mind, A TITAN Group Usje Cement Plant in Skopje, following their strong commitment to high environmental performance and Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development Policy in 2013-2014 have engaged an AMBICON Lab (Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences) from Stip, to conduct a Noise Control Study in order to identify noise sources within cement plant and marl quarry, determine their impacts on nearby residents and develop noise control/protection strategies. During the past three years, the Usje Cement plant has implemented most of the noise control measures proposed in this Study. Also, a follow-up study during 2016-2017 was conducted in order to assess the effectiveness of measures taken. This paper presents the outcomes of noise reduction measures taken. Keywords: noise, cement industry, process management, measures, environment

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts of Cement Production: A Statistical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8212
Author(s):  
Claudio Durastanti ◽  
Laura Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Impact Categories ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Cement Type ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Environmental Impact Categories

The attention to environmental impacts of cement production has grown fast in recent decades. The cement industry is a significant greenhouse gases emitter mainly due to the calcinations of raw materials and the combustions of fuels. This paper investigates on the environmental performances of cement production and on the identification of factors driving emissions. For this purpose, a sample of 193 different recipes of gray cement produced in Italy from 2014 to 2019 according to the European standard EN 197-1. This paper identifies the consumption impact categories (e.g., fossil fuels, renewable and non-renewable secondary fuels) that explain the assessment of the Global Warming Potential, one of the most crucial impacts of cement production. Having regard to the overall examined dataset and each cement type, a set of predictive models is implemented and evaluated. A similar approach has been adopted to produce accurate predictive models for further environmental impact categories that quantify emissions to air. The obtained results provide important information that can support cement producers to develop low-impacting cement recipes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document